{"id":120,"date":"2025-08-14T21:10:43","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T14:10:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/criminal-trial-procedures-in-thailand\/"},"modified":"2026-10-05T06:34:14","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T23:34:14","slug":"criminal-trial-procedures-in-thailand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/criminal-trial-procedures-in-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"Proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale en Tha\u00eflande\u00a0: \u00e0 quoi s\u2019attendre devant les tribunaux"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thailand\u2019s criminal justice system works differently from many Western systems. It is important for expatriates to know the procedures, rights, and expectations when facing criminal charges. This comprehensive guide explains the key aspects of Thai criminal trial procedures to help expats navigate the system effectively. Disclaimer: This guide is for general informational purposes only and is not legal advice. Thai criminal law changes regularly, and procedures may vary between courts. For advice on your specific situation, consult a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/licensed-thai-lawyer\/\">avocat inscrit au barreau<\/a> en Tha\u00eflande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table des mati\u00e8res<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#understanding-the-thai-criminal-justice-system\">Comprendre le syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandais<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#recent-reforms-and-updates-in-thai-criminal-procedure\">R\u00e9formes et mises \u00e0 jour r\u00e9centes de la proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandaise<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#initial-arrest-and-detention-procedures\">Proc\u00e9dures initiales d&#039;arrestation et de d\u00e9tention<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#investigation-stage-and-evidence-gathering\">Phase d&#039;enqu\u00eate et collecte de preuves<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#pre-trial-proceedings-and-bail-applications\">Proc\u00e9dures pr\u00e9liminaires et demandes de mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#trial-procedures-and-court-structure\">Proc\u00e9dures judiciaires et structure des tribunaux<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#trial-process\">Proc\u00e9dure d&#039;essai<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#fundamental-constitutional-rights\">Droits constitutionnels fondamentaux<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#special-considerations-for-foreign-defendants\">Consid\u00e9rations particuli\u00e8res concernant les accus\u00e9s \u00e9trangers<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#sentencing-and-penalties\">Condamnations et sanctions<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#fine-payment-and-enforcement\">Paiement et application des amendes<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#appeals-process\">Proc\u00e9dure d&#039;appel dans les proc\u00e8s p\u00e9naux en Tha\u00eflande<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#legal-representation\">Repr\u00e9sentation juridique<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#key-differences-from-western-systems\">Principales diff\u00e9rences avec les syst\u00e8mes occidentaux<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#practical-advice-for-expats\">Conseils pratiques pour les expatri\u00e9s<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#pre-trial-preparation\">Pr\u00e9paration avant le proc\u00e8s<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#trial-preparation\">Pr\u00e9paration du proc\u00e8s<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#real-life-examples-for-expats-in-thai-criminal-cases\">Exemples concrets d&#039;expatri\u00e9s impliqu\u00e9s dans des affaires criminelles en Tha\u00eflande<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#fa-qs-about-criminal-trial-procedures-in-thailand\">FAQ sur les proc\u00e9dures de proc\u00e8s p\u00e9nal en Tha\u00eflande<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#how-does-the-thai-criminal-justice-system-work-for-foreigners-civil-law-no-jury-presumption-of-innocence\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tlo-hublink wp-block-paragraph\">These procedures sit inside the wider framework explained in our guide to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/criminal-law-thailand\/\">droit p\u00e9nal en Tha\u00eflande<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Last reviewed: 21 September 2026.<\/strong> Every statutory citation on this page was read in Thai against the <strong>Code p\u00e9nal<\/strong> (sections 29, 30 and 56) and the <strong>Code de proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale<\/strong> (sections 66, 78, 80, 87, 117, 193 bis and 229\/1), and all of them check out, including the 500 baht per day rate for detention in lieu of a fine, the one year cap and the two year extension where the fine is 200,000 baht or more, and the full detention ladder of 48 hours, then 7, 48 and 84 days. <strong>Supreme Court Decision 736\/2569<\/strong> was read in full to its disposition: the juvenile record was properly weighed because the case was not before a Juvenile and Family Court, and the Court then suspended the sentence for two years because the defendant had repaid 20,000 baht against an 8,500 baht loss. <strong>Non v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 ici :<\/strong> the bail provision of the Constitution, the Electronic Transactions Act point, the rule on authenticating foreign documents, the stated processing times, and the section on recent reforms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img alt=\"Infographie illustrant les \u00e9tapes de la proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale en Tha\u00eflande, notamment l&#039;arrestation, l&#039;enqu\u00eate, la phase pr\u00e9liminaire, le proc\u00e8s et le prononc\u00e9 de la sentence.\" class=\"wp-image-28046 tlo-responsive-img\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/criminal-trial-procedures-thailand-step-by-step-683x1024.png\" style=\"width:600px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"juvenile-records-in-adult-proceedings\">Juvenile records in adult proceedings (Dika 736\/2569)<\/h4>\n<p>Section 84 of the Juvenile and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/family-court\/\">Tribunal de la famille<\/a> Act shields a child from having earlier proceedings held against them. Practitioners have long argued that the shield travels with the person into adulthood. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/supreme-court-dika\/\">Cour supr\u00eame<\/a> Decision (Dika) No. 736\/2569 holds that it does not.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The protection is forum-specific. It operates inside the Juvenile and Family Court. Once the same individual is an adult standing trial in an ordinary criminal court, the juvenile record is fully admissible against them. It can be placed before the court on sentencing, and it can be the reason a suspension under Section 56 is refused.<\/p>\n<p>The practical lesson runs backwards in time. A matter disposed of quickly in the juvenile forum is not disposed of permanently. Anyone advising a young client in Thailand should assume the record will resurface.<\/p>\n<p>The same decision sets the counterweight on the other side of the scale. Restitution paid above the victim&#8217;s actual loss is what moves a court to suspend a sentence, and it can outweigh an adverse record. See our case note on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/facebook-marketplace-fraud-thailand-supreme-court-736-2569\/\">Dika 736\/2569<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"understanding-the-thai-criminal-justice-system\"><strong>Comprendre le syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandais<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Tha\u00eflande a un <strong>syst\u00e8me de droit civil<\/strong>. Ce syst\u00e8me est fond\u00e9 sur des lois \u00e9crites. Il est principalement r\u00e9gi par le Code de proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale BE 2477 (1934) et le Code p\u00e9nal tha\u00eflandais. Contrairement aux pays de common law, les tribunaux tha\u00eflandais ne suivent pas les d\u00e9cisions ant\u00e9rieures. Cependant, les arr\u00eats de la Cour supr\u00eame peuvent influencer l&#039;issue des affaires. Le syst\u00e8me ne permet pas <strong>proc\u00e8s avec jury<\/strong>. Tous les proc\u00e8s p\u00e9naux sont tranch\u00e9s exclusivement par des juges. Les juges constatent les faits et appliquent la loi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Constitution tha\u00eflandaise BE 2560 (2017) \u00e9tablit des r\u00e8gles importantes. Elle comprend notamment\u00a0: <strong>pr\u00e9somption d&#039;innocence jusqu&#039;\u00e0 preuve du contraire<\/strong>. Elle garantit \u00e9galement le droit \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable. Ces protections constitutionnelles s&#039;appliquent \u00e0 tous les individus en Tha\u00eflande, sans distinction de nationalit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img alt=\"Infographie du syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandais\" class=\"wp-image-28051 tlo-responsive-img\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Visual-Aid-of-the-Criminal-Justice-System-in-Thailand.png\" style=\"width:600px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"recent-reforms-and-updates-in-thai-criminal-procedure\">R\u00e9formes et mises \u00e0 jour r\u00e9centes de la proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandaise<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thailand\u2019s criminal justice system continues to evolve to meet international standards. The 2017 Constitution strengthened protections like the right to a speedy trial and access to justice. The Electronic Transactions Act B.E. 2544 (2001), as amended, recognizes electronic data and signatures. Key amendments were in 2019, and further updates have been proposed since 2024. This includes emails, social media posts, and CCTV footage. These updates are important for expats in online disputes or surveillance cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"initial-arrest-and-detention-procedures\"><strong>Proc\u00e9dures initiales d&#039;arrestation et de d\u00e9tention<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"arrest-authority-and-procedures\"><strong>Autorit\u00e9 et proc\u00e9dures d&#039;arrestation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La police tha\u00eflandaise peut arr\u00eater des personnes <strong>avec ou sans mandat<\/strong> in certain situations. Section 78 of the Criminal Procedure Code sets out when police or administrative officers may arrest without a warrant, and section 80 defines a flagrant offence. A warrantless arrest is permitted only where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A person is committing a flagrant offence, as defined in section 80<\/li>\n\n<li>Someone is found in suspicious circumstances suggesting they are about to cause harm to people or property, carrying a tool, weapon or other object that could be used to commit an offence<\/li>\n\n<li>There are grounds for a warrant under section 66(2), but the matter is too urgent to ask the court for one<\/li>\n\n<li>A suspect or defendant has escaped, or is about to escape, while on provisional release (section 117)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lors d&#039;une arrestation, la police doit\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Je vous informe que vous \u00eates arr\u00eat\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n<li>Expliquez les accusations port\u00e9es contre vous.<\/li>\n\n<li>Tell you that you may remain silent or give a statement, and that what you say may be used as evidence at trial<\/li>\n\n<li>Tell you that you have the right to meet and consult a lawyer<\/li>\n\n<li>Let you inform a relative or a person you trust of the arrest, where this is practicable and safe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"detention-time-limits\"><strong>Dur\u00e9e limite de d\u00e9tention<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Suite \u00e0 une arrestation, la loi tha\u00eflandaise fixe des d\u00e9lais de d\u00e9tention stricts\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Placement initial en garde \u00e0 vue\u00a0:<\/strong> Jusqu&#039;\u00e0 <strong>48 heures<\/strong> from arrival at the investigating officer&#8217;s station before being brought before a court, unless force majeure or another unavoidable necessity prevents it (section 87).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u00e9tention ordonn\u00e9e par le tribunal\u00a0:<\/strong> Au-del\u00e0 des 48 premi\u00e8res heures, toute prolongation de la d\u00e9tention n\u00e9cessite une autorisation judiciaire assortie de limites sp\u00e9cifiques en fonction de la gravit\u00e9 de l&#039;infraction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infractions mineures<\/strong> (up to 6 months imprisonment or 500 THB fine): one detention order of no more than 7 days<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Infractions mod\u00e9r\u00e9es<\/strong> (Peine d&#039;emprisonnement de 6 mois \u00e0 10 ans)\u00a0: P\u00e9riodes multiples de 12 jours, maximum 48 jours au total<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Infractions graves<\/strong> (Plus de 10 ans d&#039;emprisonnement)\u00a0: P\u00e9riodes multiples de 12 jours, maximum 84 jours au total<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 84 days are the ceiling for the most serious offences. Section 87 adds no further period for the prosecutor: if the case is not filed in court within the court-ordered detention, the suspect must be released. Beyond the first 48 days, each further order also requires the investigator or prosecutor to show necessity and produce evidence to the court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"investigation-stage-and-evidence-gathering\"><strong>Phase d&#039;enqu\u00eate et collecte de preuves<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"police-investigation-process\"><strong>Processus d&#039;enqu\u00eate polici\u00e8re<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La phase d&#039;enqu\u00eate implique le recueil de preuves par les forces de l&#039;ordre ou les autorit\u00e9s administratives dans le cadre de leurs pouvoirs l\u00e9gaux. Durant cette phase, les suspects disposent de droits importants\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Le droit de garder le silence est crucial lors de toute poursuite p\u00e9nale afin de garantir que les individus soient conscients de leurs droits.<\/strong> sans auto-incrimination<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit \u00e0 un avocat<\/strong> lors de l&#039;interrogatoire<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit aux services d&#039;interpr\u00e9tation<\/strong> si vous ne parlez pas couramment le tha\u00ef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"prosecutorial-review\"><strong>Examen par le procureur<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Une fois l&#039;enqu\u00eate termin\u00e9e, la police soumet ses conclusions au <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/public-prosecutor\/\">minist\u00e8re public<\/a><\/strong> qui d\u00e9termine s&#039;il faut :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00e9poser une plainte formelle devant le tribunal<\/li>\n\n<li>Prononcer une ordonnance de non-poursuite<\/li>\n\n<li>Ordonnance poursuivant l&#039;enqu\u00eate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le procureur doit prendre cette d\u00e9cision dans le d\u00e9lai maximal de d\u00e9tention, faute de quoi le suspect doit \u00eatre lib\u00e9r\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pre-trial-proceedings-and-bail-applications\"><strong>Proc\u00e9dures pr\u00e9liminaires et demandes de mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bail-rights-and-procedures\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/bail-in-thailand\/\">Droits et proc\u00e9dures de mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toutes les personnes accus\u00e9es de crimes ont le droit \u00e0 la justice. <strong>droit constitutionnel de demander une mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution<\/strong> Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l&#039;article 29 de la Constitution tha\u00eflandaise, la lib\u00e9ration sous caution n&#039;est pas automatique et d\u00e9pend du pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire du juge. Nous avons un article d\u00e9taill\u00e9 \u00e0 ce sujet. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/bail-in-thailand\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">lib\u00e9ration sous caution en Tha\u00eflande<\/a> et vous devriez y jeter un coup d&#039;\u0153il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"trial-procedures-and-court-structure\"><strong>Proc\u00e9dures judiciaires et structure des tribunaux<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"court-system-hierarchy\"><strong>Hi\u00e9rarchie du syst\u00e8me judiciaire<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thailand\u2019s criminal courts operate through a <strong>syst\u00e8me \u00e0 trois niveaux<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/court-of-first-instance\/\">Tribunal de premi\u00e8re instance<\/a>:<\/strong> Tribunal de premi\u00e8re instance o\u00f9 d\u00e9butent la plupart des affaires criminelles<\/li>\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/supreme-court-processes-in-thailand-appeal\/\">Cour d&#039;appel :<\/a><\/strong> Examine les d\u00e9cisions des juridictions inf\u00e9rieures<\/li>\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/supreme-court-processes-in-thailand-appeal\/\">Cour supr\u00eame (Cour Dika)<\/a>:<\/strong> juridiction d&#039;appel finale<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"language-requirements-and-translation\"><strong>Exigences linguistiques et traduction<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toutes les proc\u00e9dures p\u00e9nales sont men\u00e9es <strong>exclusivement en langue tha\u00efe<\/strong>. Les accus\u00e9s \u00e9trangers ont le droit de\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Interpr\u00e8tes d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par le tribunal<\/strong> pendant toutes les proc\u00e9dures<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Traduction de certains documents<\/strong> (pas tous) dans leur langue maternelle<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Services de traduction certifi\u00e9s<\/strong> pour les preuves et les documents juridiques<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les r\u00e9formes r\u00e9centes mettent l&#039;accent sur les normes d&#039;interpr\u00e9tation professionnelle, exigeant une interpr\u00e9tation compl\u00e8te et pr\u00e9cise sans r\u00e9sum\u00e9 ni omission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"evidence-and-discovery-rules\"><strong>R\u00e8gles de preuve et de d\u00e9couverte<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandaise comprend <strong>d\u00e9couverte limit\u00e9e<\/strong> par rapport aux syst\u00e8mes de common law. Les principales r\u00e8gles de preuve comprennent\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Witness and evidence lists:<\/strong> The prosecution must file its list at least 15 days before the preliminary examination or the first day of evidence; the defence files its list before the defence evidence is heard (section 229\/1)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Normes relatives aux preuves documentaires\u00a0:<\/strong> Tous les documents \u00e9trangers doivent \u00eatre authentifi\u00e9s et traduits en tha\u00ef.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Preuves \u00e9lectroniques\u00a0:<\/strong> Admissible en vertu de la loi sur les transactions \u00e9lectroniques BE 2544 (2001)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire du juge\u00a0:<\/strong> Les juges peuvent admettre ou rejeter des preuves en fonction de leur pertinence et des normes juridiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u00c9tape<\/th><th>Actions cl\u00e9s<\/th><th>Limites de temps<\/th><th>Droits du d\u00e9fendeur<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Arrestation<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-criminal-procedure-code\/division\/b1-t5-ch-1-arrest-detention-imprisonment\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Police arrest with or without a warrant under sections 78 to 83 CPC<\/a><\/td><td>Must be brought before a court within 48 hours of arriving at the station (section 87)<\/td><td>Droit d\u2019\u00eatre inform\u00e9 des accusations, de garder le silence, de contacter sa famille ou un avocat<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Enqu\u00eate<\/strong><\/td><td>Collecte de preuves, interrogatoires, v\u00e9rifications m\u00e9dico-l\u00e9gales<\/td><td>Within maximum detention period (up to 84 days for the most serious offences)<\/td><td>Droit de garder le silence, d&#039;\u00eatre assist\u00e9 d&#039;un avocat et d&#039;un interpr\u00e8te si n\u00e9cessaire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Avant le proc\u00e8s<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/bail-in-thailand\/\">Demandes de mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution, pr\u00e9sentation de preuves, contr\u00f4le judiciaire<\/a><\/td><td>Les d\u00e9cisions concernant la mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution sont prises rapidement.<\/td><td>Droit de demander une mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution, de pr\u00e9senter des preuves, de contester les poursuites<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Proc\u00e8s<\/strong><\/td><td>L&#039;accusation pr\u00e9sente son dossier, la d\u00e9fense r\u00e9pond, contre-interrogatoires<\/td><td>Continuer jusqu&#039;\u00e0 la fin<\/td><td>Droit \u00e0 un interpr\u00e8te, \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence de t\u00e9moins, au contre-interrogatoire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Condamnation<\/strong><\/td><td>Le juge prononce le verdict et les peines.<\/td><td>Condamnation imm\u00e9diate ou ult\u00e9rieure<\/td><td>Droit d&#039;appel, demande de sursis (si admissible)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Appels<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/supreme-court-processes-in-thailand-appeal\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Appel devant la Cour d&#039;appel ou la Cour supr\u00eame<\/a><\/td><td>Dans un d\u00e9lai d&#039;un mois suivant le jugement<\/td><td>Droit \u00e0 un avocat, d\u00e9p\u00f4t de motifs d&#039;appel \u00e9crits<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"trial-process\"><strong>Proc\u00e9dure d&#039;essai<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les proc\u00e8s criminels suivent un <strong>syst\u00e8me adverse<\/strong> avec la s\u00e9quence suivante\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>D\u00e9claration de culpabilit\u00e9\u00a0:<\/strong> L&#039;accus\u00e9 plaide coupable ou non coupable.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Dossier de poursuite\u00a0:<\/strong> L&#039;\u00c9tat pr\u00e9sente d&#039;abord ses preuves et ses t\u00e9moins.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Argumentaire de la d\u00e9fense\u00a0:<\/strong> Le d\u00e9fendeur pr\u00e9sente des preuves contraires et des t\u00e9moins<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Contre-interrogatoire :<\/strong> Les deux parties peuvent interroger les t\u00e9moins de la partie adverse.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Plaidoiries finales :<\/strong> D\u00e9clarations finales du procureur et de la d\u00e9fense<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Jugement:<\/strong> Le tribunal rend son verdict et prononce la sentence.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Droits des d\u00e9fendeurs, notamment des expatri\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fundamental-constitutional-rights\"><strong>Droits constitutionnels fondamentaux<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tous les accus\u00e9s en Tha\u00eflande, y compris les \u00e9trangers, b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de protections constitutionnelles\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Droit de garder le silence<\/strong> et \u00e9viter de s&#039;auto-incriminer<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit \u00e0 un avocat<\/strong> \u00e0 tous les stades de la proc\u00e9dure<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit d&#039;\u00eatre inform\u00e9 des frais<\/strong> dans un langage compr\u00e9hensible<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit de pr\u00e9senter des preuves et des t\u00e9moins<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit de contre-interroger les t\u00e9moins \u00e0 charge<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit \u00e0 une prise en charge sous caution<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Droit d&#039;appel<\/strong> d\u00e9cisions d\u00e9favorables<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"special-considerations-for-foreign-defendants\"><strong>Consid\u00e9rations particuli\u00e8res concernant les accus\u00e9s \u00e9trangers<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les expatri\u00e9s sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis uniques qui n\u00e9cessitent des protections suppl\u00e9mentaires\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Droits de notification de l&#039;ambassade\u00a0:<\/strong> Droit de contacter l&#039;ambassade ou le consulat de son pays d&#039;origine<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Assistance linguistique\u00a0:<\/strong> Services d&#039;interpr\u00e9tation obligatoires pendant toutes les proc\u00e9dures<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Consid\u00e9rations culturelles :<\/strong> Judges may take your background into account, for example in sentencing, but no rule requires it<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Dur\u00e9e d&#039;essai prolong\u00e9e\u00a0:<\/strong> Les accus\u00e9s \u00e9trangers peuvent demander l&#039;autorisation de voyager pendant les longues proc\u00e9dures<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Immigration Issues for Expats: Criminal charges can affect immigration status. This may lead to visa loss or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/deportation\/\">expulsion<\/a> under the Immigration Act B.E. 2522 (1979). If you have a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/marriage-visa\/\">visa de mariage<\/a>, you could face problems if you have family-related charges. For instance, charges like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/domestic-violence\/\">Violence domestique<\/a> may result in immigration holds. These holds can happen even after you are released from criminal charges. Notify your embassy immediately, as they can assist with coordinating between authorities. Our team at ThaiLawOnline has helped many expats navigate these dual proceedings to avoid unnecessary detention or expulsion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sentencing-and-penalties\"><strong>Condamnations et sanctions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"types-of-punishments\"><strong>Types de sanctions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le code p\u00e9nal tha\u00eflandais \u00e9tablit cinq cat\u00e9gories de peines\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Peine de mort<\/strong> (pour les infractions les plus graves)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Emprisonnement<\/strong> (termes variables selon la gravit\u00e9 de l&#039;infraction)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Confinement<\/strong> (lighter form of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/child-custody\/\">garde<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Amendes<\/strong> (sanctions p\u00e9cuniaires)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Confiscation de biens<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sentencing-considerations\"><strong>Consid\u00e9rations relatives \u00e0 la d\u00e9termination de la peine<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les tribunaux tha\u00eflandais prennent en compte de multiples facteurs lors du prononc\u00e9 des peines\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gravit\u00e9 de l&#039;infraction<\/strong> et circonstances<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Defendant\u2019s criminal history<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u00c2ge, niveau d&#039;\u00e9tudes et ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Coop\u00e9ration avec les autorit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Potentiel de r\u00e9adaptation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>peines avec sursis<\/strong> may be available where the court would impose imprisonment of five years or less and the offender has not been imprisoned before, or only for negligence, a petty offence or up to six months (Penal Code section 56).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fine-payment-and-enforcement\"><strong>Paiement et application des amendes<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les pr\u00e9venus condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 des amendes doivent les payer dans un d\u00e9lai d\u00e9termin\u00e9. <strong>30 jours<\/strong> of judgment. If the fine is not paid in time, the court can have property seized or order confinement in lieu of the fine (Penal Code section 29).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Saisie de biens<\/strong> pour satisfaire \u00e0 l&#039;amende<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>D\u00e9tention en lieu et place d&#039;une amende<\/strong> at a rate of 500 THB per day, under Penal Code section 30. Confinement is capped at one year, or two years where the fine is 200,000 baht or more.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Dur\u00e9e maximale de d\u00e9tention<\/strong> de 1 \u00e0 2 ans selon le montant de l&#039;amende<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"appeals-process\"><strong>Proc\u00e9dure d&#039;appel<\/strong> Proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale en Tha\u00eflande<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"appeal-rights-and-timelines\"><strong>Droits et d\u00e9lais d&#039;appel<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les d\u00e9fendeurs ont le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/supreme-court-processes-in-thailand-appeal\/\">droit d&#039;appel des condamnations p\u00e9nales<\/a> dans un d\u00e9lai de <strong>un mois<\/strong> de la lecture du jugement. Toutefois, les appels sont soumis \u00e0 certaines restrictions\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Recours factuels limit\u00e9s\u00a0:<\/strong> Where the maximum penalty for the offence is three years&#8217; imprisonment or less, or a fine of 60,000 baht or less, you cannot appeal on the facts (section 193 bis). The exceptions are a sentence of imprisonment or confinement in its place, a suspended sentence, a finding of guilt with punishment deferred, and a fine of more than 1,000 baht. Appeals on points of law remain open.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9tapes de la proc\u00e9dure d&#039;appel\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cour d&#039;appel :<\/strong> R\u00e9vision des d\u00e9cisions de premi\u00e8re instance<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Cour supr\u00eame:<\/strong> Final review through \u201cDika appeal\u201d process<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Soumissions \u00e9crites\u00a0:<\/strong> Les appels doivent contenir des motifs d\u00e9taill\u00e9s et des arguments juridiques.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"appeal-processing-times\"><strong>D\u00e9lais de traitement des appels<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les r\u00e9formes r\u00e9centes fixent des d\u00e9lais pr\u00e9cis pour l&#039;examen des recours\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cour d&#039;appel :<\/strong> Le d\u00e9lai de r\u00e9solution des dossiers est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de 8 mois \u00e0 2 ans.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Cour supr\u00eame:<\/strong> Un an maximum dans la plupart des cas, sauf exceptions pour les affaires complexes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depuis janvier 2023, les directives pr\u00e9voient un d\u00e9lai de 6 \u00e0 12 mois pour la Cour d&#039;appel et d&#039;environ un an pour la Cour supr\u00eame, sauf exceptions. Rien n&#039;est automatique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"legal-representation\"><strong>Repr\u00e9sentation juridique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"right-to-counsel\"><strong>Droit \u00e0 un avocat<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La loi tha\u00eflandaise garantit le droit \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/cheap-legal-services-in-bangkok\/\">repr\u00e9sentation l\u00e9gale tout au long de la proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale<\/a>. Les aspects cl\u00e9s comprennent\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avocat commis d&#039;office\u00a0:<\/strong> Where the offence carries the death penalty, or the defendant was not over 18 on the day the charge was filed in court, the court must appoint a lawyer if the defendant has none; in any case punishable by imprisonment it appoints one if the defendant has none and asks for one (section 173, and section 134\/1 at the investigation stage)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Repr\u00e9sentation priv\u00e9e :<\/strong> Les d\u00e9fendeurs peuvent engager des avocats priv\u00e9s \u00e0 n&#039;importe quel stade de la proc\u00e9dure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Consid\u00e9rations linguistiques\u00a0:<\/strong> Foreign defendants should seek bilingual lawyers familiar with both Thai law and their home country\u2019s legal systems<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"choosing-legal-counsel\"><strong>Choisir un avocat<\/strong> pour les proc\u00e9dures de proc\u00e8s p\u00e9nal en Tha\u00eflande<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lors du choix d&#039;un avocat en droit p\u00e9nal, les expatri\u00e9s doivent tenir compte des \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Exp\u00e9rience en droit p\u00e9nal tha\u00eflandais<\/strong> et proc\u00e9dures<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Capacit\u00e9s linguistiques<\/strong> pour une communication efficace<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents<\/strong> avec repr\u00e9sentation de clients \u00e9trangers<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Compr\u00e9hension des diff\u00e9rences culturelles<\/strong> dans les syst\u00e8mes juridiques<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Disponibilit\u00e9 pour des proc\u00e9dures prolong\u00e9es<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"key-differences-from-western-systems\"><strong>Principales diff\u00e9rences avec les syst\u00e8mes occidentaux<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"structural-differences\"><strong>Diff\u00e9rences structurelles<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandaise diff\u00e8re sensiblement des syst\u00e8mes de common law\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Absence de syst\u00e8me de jury\u00a0:<\/strong> Les juges tranchent toutes les questions de fait et de droit.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>fondements du droit civil :<\/strong> Fond\u00e9 sur des lois codifi\u00e9es plut\u00f4t que sur la jurisprudence<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire du juge\u00a0:<\/strong> Un pouvoir accru pour les juges en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9cisions relatives \u00e0 la preuve et \u00e0 la proc\u00e9dure.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Syst\u00e8me d&#039;essai continu\u00a0:<\/strong> Les audiences se poursuivent sans interruption jusqu&#039;\u00e0 leur terme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"procedural-variations\"><strong>Variantes de proc\u00e9dure<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>D\u00e9couverte limit\u00e9e :<\/strong> Acc\u00e8s restreint aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments de preuve de l&#039;accusation avant le proc\u00e8s<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Diff\u00e9rentes normes de cautionnement\u00a0:<\/strong> Une approche plus restrictive, notamment pour les \u00e9trangers<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>D\u00e9tention provisoire potentiellement plus longue\u00a0:<\/strong> Up to 84 days in court-ordered detention before the case is filed<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Services d&#039;interpr\u00e9tation obligatoires\u00a0:<\/strong> Required by section 13 of the Criminal Procedure Code for anyone who cannot speak or understand Thai<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"practical-advice-for-expats\"><strong>Conseils pratiques pour les expatri\u00e9s<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"immediate-actions-upon-arrest\"><strong>Mesures imm\u00e9diates prises lors de l&#039;arrestation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En cas d&#039;arrestation en Tha\u00eflande, les expatri\u00e9s doivent\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Restez calme et respectueux.<\/strong> pour \u00e9viter l&#039;escalade de la situation<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Exercer le droit de garder le silence<\/strong> jusqu&#039;\u00e0 ce qu&#039;un avocat soit pr\u00e9sent<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Demander des services d&#039;interpr\u00e9tation<\/strong> si vous ne parlez pas couramment le tha\u00ef<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Contactez l&#039;ambassade ou le consulat<\/strong> pour obtenir de l&#039;aide et des notifications<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u00c9vitez de signer des documents<\/strong> sans conseils juridiques ni traduction<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Demandez imm\u00e9diatement un avocat.<\/strong> et refuser de poser des questions sans repr\u00e9sentation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pre-trial-preparation\"><strong>Pr\u00e9paration avant le proc\u00e8s<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pendant la d\u00e9tention provisoire ou la mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Maintenir la communication<\/strong> avec un conseiller juridique<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Rassemblez des preuves \u00e0 l&#039;appui<\/strong> et les informations des t\u00e9moins<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Comprendre les implications des frais<\/strong> et les sanctions potentielles<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Respectez toutes les conditions de la mise en libert\u00e9 sous caution<\/strong> pour \u00e9viter la r\u00e9vocation<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9parez-vous aux \u00e9ventuelles barri\u00e8res linguistiques.<\/strong> dans le cadre des proc\u00e9dures judiciaires<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"trial-preparation\"><strong>Pr\u00e9paration du proc\u00e8s<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avant le proc\u00e8s\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Listes de preuves \u00e0 examiner<\/strong> avec un conseiller juridique<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9parer le t\u00e9moignage des t\u00e9moins<\/strong> et documentation justificative<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Comprendre les proc\u00e9dures judiciaires<\/strong> et le calendrier pr\u00e9vu<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9voyez des interpr\u00e8tes qualifi\u00e9s<\/strong> si n\u00e9cessaire au-del\u00e0 des services d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par le tribunal<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Tenir compte des facteurs culturels<\/strong> ce qui peut affecter la pr\u00e9sentation du cas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"real-life-examples-for-expats-in-thai-criminal-cases\">Exemples concrets d&#039;expatri\u00e9s impliqu\u00e9s dans des affaires criminelles en Tha\u00eflande<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consider a common scenario: An expat teacher accused of assault in a bar altercation. Without good legal help, they could spend up to 48 days in detention before charges are filed (assault under section 295 carries at most two years, which puts it in the 48-day band of Criminal Procedure Code section 87). However, with a strong bail application, they might be released in just a few days. This application should include proof of community ties and a Thai guarantor. In another case, a business owner accused of fraud used emails to prove their innocence. This led to a decision not to prosecute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces exemples soulignent l&#039;importance d&#039;une intervention pr\u00e9coce. Si vous \u00eates mari\u00e9(e) \u00e0 un(e) partenaire tha\u00eflandais(e) et confront\u00e9(e) \u00e0 des accusations de conflit familial, les malentendus culturels peuvent compliquer la situation. Nos avocats bilingues peuvent vous aider.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fa-qs-about-criminal-trial-procedures-in-thailand\">FAQ sur les proc\u00e9dures de proc\u00e8s p\u00e9nal en Tha\u00eflande<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755181464835\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Comment fonctionne le syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandais pour les \u00e9trangers (droit civil, pas de jury, pr\u00e9somption d&#039;innocence)\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>La Tha\u00eflande applique un syst\u00e8me de droit civil fond\u00e9 sur des lois \u00e9crites, notamment le Code de proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale, le Code p\u00e9nal tha\u00eflandais et la Constitution de 2017. Il n&#039;y a pas de proc\u00e8s avec jury\u00a0; des coll\u00e8ges de juges de carri\u00e8re \u00e9tablissent les faits et appliquent la loi. Tous les accus\u00e9s, y compris les expatri\u00e9s, b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de la pr\u00e9somption d&#039;innocence et du droit \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable. Les affaires sont d&#039;abord port\u00e9es devant le tribunal de premi\u00e8re instance. En cas d&#039;appel, elles sont renvoy\u00e9es devant la cour d&#039;appel, puis devant la Cour supr\u00eame (Dika). Le pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent \u00e9tant persuasif mais non contraignant en Tha\u00eflande, les arr\u00eats de la Cour supr\u00eame peuvent influencer les d\u00e9cisions. Cependant, les juridictions inf\u00e9rieures ne sont pas tenues de suivre strictement les d\u00e9cisions ant\u00e9rieures. Pour ceux qui comparent les syst\u00e8mes judiciaires, il faut retenir les \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants\u00a0: \u201c\u00a0droit civil, proc\u00e8s devant juge, r\u00e8gles codifi\u00e9es et large pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire du juge\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755181499322\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quels sont mes droits en cas d&#039;arrestation en Tha\u00eflande et que se passe-t-il pendant les 48 premi\u00e8res heures\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Police can make arrests with a warrant. They can also arrest without a warrant in certain situations. These situations include catching someone in the act, urgent need, or if the person might escape. When you are arrested, you must be told why. You should know the charges against you. You have the right to remain silent. You can contact your family or a lawyer. If you don\u2019t speak Thai, you should get an interpreter. After you arrive at the investigating officer&#8217;s station, the 48-hour clock starts. You must see a judge within that time for a detention review. In this early \u201cinquiry\u201d phase, use your right to have a lawyer. Do not sign documents that are not translated. Also, ask for consular notification under the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (Article 36).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755181500212\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">How long can Thai police and courts detain a suspect before filing charges (7, 48, 84 days)?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>After the first 48 hours, more detention needs a court order. The length of detention depends on the offense. Minor offenses allow one order of up to 7 days. Mid-range offenses can be held for 12-day blocks, up to 48 days. Serious offenses can be held for 12-day blocks, up to 84 days. There is no extra period for prosecutors: 84 days is the ceiling. If the case is not filed within the court-ordered detention, the suspect must be released. For expats, remember that immigration holds are different from criminal remand. Talk to your lawyer about any possible \u201coverstay\u201d or visa problems that could affect your release.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755181569295\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Comment fonctionne la caution en Tha\u00eflande pour les expatri\u00e9s, et quelles garanties sont accept\u00e9es\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Bail is a constitutional right to apply (not an automatic release). Judges weigh charge severity, strength of evidence, flight risk, potential witness\/evidence interference, and community ties. Foreign defendants often have to give up their passports. They may also face higher security amounts and travel bans. Leaving Thailand while on bail needs the court&#8217;s permission, and immigration is notified. Courts accept different types of securities. These include cash, bank books, fixed deposits, land title deeds, and sometimes government job guarantees. A good petition will have proof of where you live, your job, medical needs, and a Thai guarantor. This \u201cflight-risk mitigation package\u201d can greatly improve your chances.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755181611829\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quel est le processus judiciaire p\u00e9nal tha\u00eflandais et comment les preuves sont-elles g\u00e9r\u00e9es (d\u00e9couverte des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de preuve, preuves \u00e9lectroniques, interpr\u00e8tes)\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Trials are adversarial but judge-driven. After the plea, the prosecution presents first, followed by the defense case, cross-examination, closing arguments, and judgment\/sentencing. Discovery is more limited than in common-law systems. Each side must file witness and evidence lists: the prosecution at least 15 days before its evidence is heard, the defence before its own evidence (section 229\/1). The court has wide discretion on what evidence is allowed and when to schedule it. Foreign documents must be authenticated and translated into Thai, and certified translations are standard. Electronic evidence, like emails, chats, metadata, CCTV, and phone extractions, can be used in court. This is allowed under the Electronic Transactions Act B.E. 2544. However, it must be reliable and follow the chain of custody. All court proceedings are in Thai. Court-appointed interpreters are available. The modern standard is to provide complete and accurate interpretation without summaries.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755181648738\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quelles peines et amendes les tribunaux tha\u00eflandais peuvent-ils prononcer, et comment fonctionnent les sursis et l&#039;ex\u00e9cution des amendes\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Available penalties include death (for the gravest crimes), imprisonment, confinement, fines, and forfeiture. Judges assess offense gravity, circumstances, criminal history, age\/education, cooperation, and rehabilitation prospects. Offenders the court would sentence to five years or less, who have not been imprisoned before (or only for negligence, a petty offence or up to six months), may be eligible for a suspended sentence or probation. Fines must be paid within the court-set period (often 30 days). If the fine is not paid, the state may take property. They can also change the fine to detention. This is done at a rate of 500 THB per day (Penal Code section 30). There is a maximum time limit based on the fine amount. Defendants can request installment payments or time extensions with cause.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755181693805\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Comment fonctionnent les appels en mati\u00e8re p\u00e9nale en Tha\u00eflande (Cour d&#039;appel et Cour supr\u00eame\/Dika) et combien de temps durent-ils\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>You generally have one month from pronouncement of judgment to file an appeal. The Court of Appeal looks at legal issues and, in some cases, factual issues. A further appeal to the Dika (Supreme Court) can happen on certain grounds. Timelines can be different based on complexity. The courts&#8217; published target is about 6 to 12 months at the Court of Appeal, though complex appeals take longer. Dika review usually aims to be done in about a year for standard cases. Appeals are made through written submissions. These include transcripts, documents, and specific legal arguments. It is important to keep objections and evidence issues during the trial. This helps ensure they are considered in the appeal.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-does-the-thai-criminal-justice-system-work-for-foreigners-civil-law-no-jury-presumption-of-innocence\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il est essentiel pour les expatri\u00e9s r\u00e9sidant en Tha\u00eflande ou y s\u00e9journant de comprendre la proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale tha\u00eflandaise. Ce syst\u00e8me, bas\u00e9 sur le droit civil, ne pr\u00e9voit pas de proc\u00e8s avec jury et offre des protections sp\u00e9cifiques aux accus\u00e9s \u00e9trangers. Il en r\u00e9sulte un environnement juridique particulier, pour lequel il est primordial de se faire accompagner d&#039;un avocat qualifi\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Key principles for expats to remember include: exercising constitutional rights to remain silent and obtain legal counsel.\u00a0 But also understanding the importance of interpreter services and document translation, recognizing the potential for extended pre-trial detention periods. Lastly, appreciating the significant judicial discretion in Thai criminal proceedings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le syst\u00e8me judiciaire p\u00e9nal tha\u00eflandais offre des protections fondamentales \u00e0 tous les accus\u00e9s, quelle que soit leur nationalit\u00e9. Cependant, les proc\u00e9dures peuvent \u00eatre complexes et des diff\u00e9rences culturelles existent, susceptibles d&#039;influencer le traitement des affaires par les tribunaux. C&#039;est pourquoi le recours \u00e0 un avocat est essentiel pour obtenir un jugement \u00e9quitable. Il est important de se faire assister par un avocat bilingue qualifi\u00e9, ma\u00eetrisant le droit tha\u00eflandais et le droit international. Ce soutien vous offre les meilleures chances de succ\u00e8s lors d&#039;un proc\u00e8s p\u00e9nal en Tha\u00eflande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En connaissant ces proc\u00e9dures et leurs droits, les expatri\u00e9s peuvent mieux se prot\u00e9ger en cas de plainte p\u00e9nale. Ils peuvent \u00e9galement faire des choix \u00e9clair\u00e9s face au syst\u00e8me judiciaire tha\u00eflandais. Cela contribue \u00e0 garantir le respect de leurs protections constitutionnelles tout au long de la proc\u00e9dure judiciaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.moj.go.th\/index.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist\u00e8re de la Justice en Tha\u00eflande<\/a><\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawyerscouncil.or.th\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lawyer\u2019s council of Thailand<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thailand\u2019s criminal justice system works differently from many Western systems. It is important for expatriates to know the procedures, rights, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":512,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"criminal procedural regulations for courts","rank_math_title":"Criminal Trial Procedures in Thailand - ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Criminal trial procedure in Thailand: arrest and detention limits, the police investigation, prosecutorial review, bail applications and interpreters.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Criminal Procedural Regulations for Courts","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"class_list":["post-120","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=120"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9420,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/120\/revisions\/9420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}