{"id":1806,"date":"2026-04-18T17:01:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T10:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/guardian\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T14:45:54","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T07:45:54","slug":"guardian","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/guardian\/","title":{"rendered":"Tuteur (Phu Pok Khrong) d'un mineur ou d'une personne incapable"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un <strong>tuteur<\/strong> (\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07, <em>Phu Pok Khrong<\/em>, \u00e9galement orthographi\u00e9 <em>phu pokkhrong<\/em>) est une personne nomm\u00e9e par le tribunal pour s\u2019occuper de la personne et des biens d\u2019un mineur qui n\u2019a pas de parents ou dont les parents ont perdu leur pouvoir parental, ou d\u2019un adulte que le tribunal a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 incapable. La tutelle des mineurs est r\u00e9gie par les articles 1585 \u00e0 1598\/18 du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/thai-civil-and-commercial-code\/\">Code civil et commercial<\/a>, Le m\u00eame r\u00e9gime s'applique au tuteur d'un adulte incapable. Le tuteur remplace les parents adoptifs, mais sous la supervision judiciaire et avec moins de libert\u00e9 que les parents biologiques.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table des mati\u00e8res<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#when-and-how-a-guardian-is-appointed\">Quand et comment un tuteur est nomm\u00e9<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#practical-points-for-foreign-families\">Conseils pratiques pour les familles \u00e9trang\u00e8res<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-a-guardian-differs-from-a-parent\">Comment un tuteur se distingue d'un parent<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"when-and-how-a-guardian-is-appointed\">Quand et comment un tuteur est nomm\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Article 1585<\/strong> permet la nomination d\u2019un tuteur lorsqu\u2019un mineur n\u2019a ni p\u00e8re ni m\u00e8re, ou lorsque le pouvoir parental a \u00e9t\u00e9 retir\u00e9 aux deux, ainsi que pour la partie du pouvoir parental, ou la gestion des biens, que le tribunal a retir\u00e9e \u00e0 un parent en vertu de l\u2019article 1582. Sinon, tant que l\u2019un des parents d\u00e9tient le pouvoir parental, il n\u2019y a pas de place pour un tuteur\u00a0; ce parent exerce le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/parental-powers\/\">autorit\u00e9 parentale<\/a> seul, en vertu de l\u2019article 1566. La nomination est faite par le tribunal de la jeunesse et de la famille en vertu de l\u2019article 1586, \u00e0 la demande d\u2019un proche, du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/public-prosecutor\/\">minist\u00e8re public<\/a>, ou la personne d\u00e9sign\u00e9e comme tuteur dans le testament du dernier parent survivant. Une nomination dans un testament ne constitue pas en soi une nomination, mais le tribunal doit y donner suite \u00e0 moins que le testament soit sans effet ou que la personne d\u00e9sign\u00e9e soit disqualifi\u00e9e en vertu de l\u2019article 1587.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Section 1587 excludes anyone incompetent or quasi-incompetent, an undischarged bankrupt, a person the court finds unfit, a person who has or has had a lawsuit in court with the minor, with the minor&#8217;s ascendants, or with the minor&#8217;s full or half brothers or sisters, and a person whom the deceased father or mother excluded in writing. For an adult declared incompetent under Section 28, the guardian (in Thai phu anuban rather than phu pok khrong) is appointed under the same rules, except that a spouse becomes the guardian by law unless, on the application of an interested person or the public prosecutor, the court for good reason appoints someone else (Section 1463).<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"practical-points-for-foreign-families\">Conseils pratiques pour les familles \u00e9trang\u00e8res<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les \u00e9trangers rencontrent la tutelle dans des situations pr\u00e9visibles : les deux parents d\u2019un enfant meurent ou ne peuvent pas agir, un grand-parent \u00e9tranger souhaite obtenir qualit\u00e9 pour prendre en charge un enfant \u00e0 moiti\u00e9 tha\u00eflandais, ou un r\u00e9sident \u00e9tranger \u00e2g\u00e9 perd la capacit\u00e9 juridique et la famille a besoin d\u2019une autorit\u00e9 pour g\u00e9rer les relations avec les banques, les h\u00f4pitaux et le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/land-office\/\">bureau foncier<\/a>. Dans chaque cas, la proc\u00e9dure consiste \u00e0 adresser une requ\u00eate au tribunal des mineurs et de la famille, et l\u2019ordonnance prend quelques mois \u00e0 se produire.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le requ\u00e9rant apporte le certificat de naissance de l\u2019enfant, les certificats de d\u00e9c\u00e8s des parents ou les preuves m\u00e9dicales d\u2019incapacit\u00e9, la carte d\u2019identit\u00e9 du domicile et les preuves de la relation et des moyens financiers du requ\u00e9rant, ainsi que les traductions certifi\u00e9es en tha\u00eflandais des documents \u00e9trangers. Un \u00e9tranger peut \u00eatre d\u00e9sign\u00e9, et un tuteur \u00e9tranger d\u2019un enfant tha\u00eflandais peut demander une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/non-o-visa\/\">Visa Non-Immigrant O<\/a> sur cette base. Les parents des enfants mineurs devraient nommer un tuteur dans leur <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/will\/\">Le testament tha\u00eflandais<\/a> Ainsi, le tribunal a fait conna\u00eetre sa d\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-a-guardian-differs-from-a-parent\">Comment un tuteur se distingue d'un parent<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A parent exercises parental power by right; a guardian holds authority by court order and answers to the court. The guardian must draw up an inventory of the ward&#8217;s property within three months of learning of the appointment, certified by two adult witnesses who are relatives of the ward where possible (Section 1592), needs court permission for any act where the guardian&#8217;s interests conflict with the ward&#8217;s (Section 1575), and needs it for the same major transactions a parent needs it for under Section 1574, such as selling or mortgaging land, granting a lease over three years, lending the ward&#8217;s money or compromising a claim. Renouncing an inheritance on the ward&#8217;s behalf needs the court&#8217;s approval under Section 1611. The guardian must file an account of the ward&#8217;s property with the court once a year, though after the first year the court may allow a longer interval (Section 1598\/1), and the court may also require security (Section 1597).<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La tutelle d\u2019un mineur prend fin lorsque l\u2019enfant atteint l\u2019\u00e2ge l\u00e9gal de 20 ans ou est adopt\u00e9, d\u00e9c\u00e8de ou est adopt\u00e9 par un autre parent, ou lorsque le tribunal retire la tutelle. La tutelle d\u2019un adulte incapable prend fin lorsque le tribunal r\u00e9voque la d\u00e9claration. \u00c0 la fin de cette proc\u00e9dure, le tuteur verse les biens et rend compte de ses activit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Derni\u00e8re r\u00e9vision : 27 septembre 2026.<\/strong> Les articles 20, 1463, 1574, 1575, 1585 \u00e0 1588, 1590 \u00e0 1592, 1598\/2, 1598\/3, 1598\/15, 1598\/17 et 1611 du Code civil et commercial ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lus en tha\u00eflandais. La liste des documents, le calendrier et les points de visa O non-immigrants sont des pratiques, non v\u00e9rifi\u00e9s par rapport \u00e0 une loi ici.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Un \u00e9tranger peut-il \u00eatre tuteur d'un enfant tha\u00eflandais ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Oui. Les articles 1586 et 1587 ne s\u2019appliquent pas aux \u00e9trangers, et les tribunaux nomment des grands-parents, des parents adoptifs et des parents proches \u00e9trangers lorsque les parents de l\u2019enfant sont d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9s ou ont perdu leur pouvoir parental, et que le demandeur peut prouver qu\u2019il poss\u00e8de un domicile stable et des moyens financiers. Le tuteur \u00e9tranger peut alors obtenir un visa O non-immigrant en vertu de cette tutelle.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Le fait d\u2019indiquer un tuteur dans un testament tha\u00eflandais rendra l\u2019inscription automatique ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Non. Le testament nomme un tuteur, et la personne d\u00e9sign\u00e9e doit tout de m\u00eame s\u2019adresser \u00e0 la Cour de la Jeunesse et de la Famille en vertu de l\u2019article 1586 apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9c\u00e8s du dernier parent survivant. La Cour doit nommer cette personne, \u00e0 moins que le testament soit sans effet ou que la personne ne soit disqualifi\u00e9e en vertu de l\u2019article 1587, qui inclut toute personne que la Cour juge inapte \u00e0 s\u2019occuper de l\u2019enfant ou des biens de celui-ci.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre un tuteur et un curateur en Tha\u00eflande ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Un tuteur est d\u00e9sign\u00e9 pour un mineur sans parents ou pour un adulte d\u00e9clar\u00e9 inapte en vertu de l\u2019article 28, et g\u00e8re tous les affaires de ce dernier. Un curateur est d\u00e9sign\u00e9 pour une personne quasi-inaptes en vertu de l\u2019article 32, qui conserve le droit d\u2019agir mais doit obtenir le consentement du curateur pour les transactions importantes \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9es dans le Code.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voir aussi\u00a0: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/incapacity\/\">incapacit\u00e9 et quasi-incapacit\u00e9<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/parental-rights\/\">droits parentaux<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/family-court\/\">Tribunal pour enfants et pour la famille<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/adoption\/\">adoption<\/a>, et les guides complets sur <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/child-custody-in-thailand\/\">garde d&#039;enfants en Tha\u00eflande<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/last-will-in-thailand\/\">r\u00e9diger un testament en Tha\u00eflande<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A guardian (\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07, phu pok khrong, also spelled phu pokkhrong) is a person appointed by the court to take charge [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":214,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Guardian (phu pok khrong) in Thailand: the person a court appoints to care for a minor without parents or an adult declared incompetent, and how it 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