{"id":1817,"date":"2026-04-18T17:01:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T10:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/liens\/"},"modified":"2026-09-27T19:09:49","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T12:09:49","slug":"liens","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/liens\/","title":{"rendered":"Droit de r\u00e9tention en droit tha\u00eflandais"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>A <strong>lien<\/strong> (\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e22\u0e36\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e27\u0e07, <em>sitthi yuet nuang<\/em>, traduit par <em>droit de r\u00e9tention<\/em> ou <em>droit de r\u00e9tention<\/em>) en droit tha\u00eflandais est le droit pour une personne qui d\u00e9tient l\u00e9gitimement un bien appartenant \u00e0 autrui de le conserver jusqu'\u00e0 l'ex\u00e9cution d'une obligation li\u00e9e \u00e0 ce bien. Il est r\u00e9gi par les articles 241 \u00e0 250 du Code civil et commercial. Il s'agit d'un droit d\u00e9fensif plut\u00f4t que d'une s\u00fbret\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9e : le m\u00e9canicien garde la voiture jusqu'au paiement de la facture de r\u00e9paration, l'entrep\u00f4t garde les marchandises jusqu'au paiement du stockage. Les \u00e9trangers qui recherchent un \u201c droit de r\u00e9tention \u201d (lien) sur un terrain en tha\u00eflande entendent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une hypoth\u00e8que ou une saisie judiciaire, qui sont distingu\u00e9es ci-dessous.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table des mati\u00e8res<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#what-the-civil-and-commercial-code-provides\">Ce que pr\u00e9voit le Code civil et commercial<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#where-a-foreigner-meets-a-lien-in-thailand\">O\u00f9 un \u00e9tranger rencontre un privil\u00e8ge en Tha\u00eflande<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#lien-mortgage-pledge-and-court-seizure-compared\">Comparaison entre privil\u00e8ge, hypoth\u00e8que, gage et saisie judiciaire<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-the-civil-and-commercial-code-provides\">Ce que pr\u00e9voit le Code civil et commercial<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Section 241 gives the right to a person in possession of another&#8217;s property who holds an obligation in their favour relating to that property; the obligation must be due, and the right does not arise if possession was obtained through an unlawful act. The holder may retain the whole property until the whole debt is paid (Section 244), may collect its fruits and apply them to the debt (Section 245), and must look after it with the care of a prudent person, without using, leasing or pledging it unless the debtor consents, apart from use needed to preserve it; a breach lets the debtor demand that the right end (Section 246).<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Le droit est li\u00e9 \u00e0 la possession.<\/strong> It ends when the holder loses possession (Section 250), and the debtor can end it at any time by providing adequate security for the debt (Section 249). Unlike a mortgage or a pledge, the general right gives no power of sale: the holder can refuse to hand the property back, and can sue on the debt, but cannot simply sell the property and keep the proceeds. Holding the property does not interrupt prescription of the debt (Section 248), but a holder who still has the property can obtain payment out of it even after the claim itself has prescribed, except for interest more than five years in arrears (Section 193\/27).<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"where-a-foreigner-meets-a-lien-in-thailand\">O\u00f9 un \u00e9tranger rencontre un privil\u00e8ge en Tha\u00eflande<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>The everyday cases are a garage holding a car or motorcycle until the bill is settled, a repairer holding a phone or laptop, a warehouse or freight forwarder holding goods, and a contractor holding the owner&#8217;s equipment or materials it was engaged to work on until the price for that work is paid. The debt must be connected with the thing held. In Supreme Court Decision 7170\/2538, a man who had paid off a bank mortgage on another person&#8217;s land kept the title deeds to press a separate promise to sell him a plot; the court held that the promise was not a debt relating to the deeds, so he had no right of retention, and once the owner deposited the full redemption amount in court the deeds had to be returned.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Les limites pratiques ont de l'importance.<\/strong> The retained item must be the very thing the debt relates to. Hotels are the main exception, under a separate rule: Section 679 lets a hotel keep a guest&#8217;s luggage and other belongings brought into the hotel until everything owed for the stay and services is paid, and sell them at auction if still unpaid after six weeks, with at least one month&#8217;s notice in a local newspaper; Section 259 also gives it a preferential right over them. A landlord has no right of retention over a tenant&#8217;s furniture, because the landlord does not hold it; Sections 260 and 261 instead give the landlord a preferential right over the tenant&#8217;s movables on the premises for rent and other lease debts, which ranks the landlord ahead of other creditors when those goods are sold in enforcement, and where the landlord holds a deposit, only for the part of the debt the deposit does not cover (Section 264). And a person who takes property by force or trick has no right to retain it, whatever is owed. Where the amount is disputed, the quickest release is to pay under protest or lodge security, then claim the excess back.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lien-mortgage-pledge-and-court-seizure-compared\">Comparaison entre privil\u00e8ge, hypoth\u00e8que, gage et saisie judiciaire<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Droit<\/th><th>Sections du CCC<\/th><th>Propri\u00e9t\u00e9<\/th><th>Inscrit<\/th><th>Pouvoir de vente<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Droit de r\u00e9tention<\/td><td>241 \u00e0 250<\/td><td>Tout bien d\u00e9j\u00e0 entre les mains du cr\u00e9ancier<\/td><td>Non<\/td><td>Non<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gage (jamnam)<\/td><td>747 et au-del\u00e0<\/td><td>Meubles remis au cr\u00e9ancier<\/td><td>Non<\/td><td>Oui, par vente aux ench\u00e8res publiques apr\u00e8s avis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hypoth\u00e8que (jamnong)<\/td><td>\u00c0 partir de 702<\/td><td>Terrains, copropri\u00e9t\u00e9s, b\u00e2timents, navires immatricul\u00e9s et machines<\/td><td>Oui, au bureau de la conservation fonci\u00e8re<\/td><td>Oui, par ench\u00e8re judiciaire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Saisie judiciaire<\/td><td>Code de proc\u00e9dure civile<\/td><td>Tout avoir d'un d\u00e9biteur saisi<\/td><td>C'est not\u00e9 pour le titre<\/td><td>Oui, par le D\u00e9partement de l'ex\u00e9cution des peines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Il n'existe pas de privil\u00e8ge de type \"common law\" qu'un cr\u00e9ancier peut enregistrer sur un titre foncier tha\u00eflandais. Un cr\u00e9ancier qui souhaite obtenir une garantie sur un terrain doit proc\u00e9der \u00e0 l'enregistrement d'une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/mortgage\/\">hypoth\u00e8que<\/a>; un cr\u00e9ancier qui a d\u00e9j\u00e0 obtenu un jugement demande au tribunal de saisir le bien, et la saisie est ensuite mentionn\u00e9e au <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/land-office\/\">Bureau foncier<\/a> afin qu'aucun transfert ne puisse \u00eatre enregistr\u00e9. Lors de la v\u00e9rification d'un titre avant l'achat, que faut-il rechercher au dos du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/chanote\/\">chanote<\/a> est donc une hypoth\u00e8que, un bail enregistr\u00e9, un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/servitude\/\">servitude<\/a> ou une saisie, non un privil\u00e8ge.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La derni\u00e8re r\u00e9vision : 27 septembre 2026.<\/strong> Civil and Commercial Code sections 193\/27, 241 to 250, 259 to 261, 264, 679, 703 and 764 were read in Thai, with Supreme Court Decision 7170\/2538 read to its disposition. The pledge, mortgage and court-seizure comparison was checked only against those sections.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Un garage en Tha\u00eflande peut-il garder ma voiture jusqu'\u00e0 ce que je paie ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Oui. En vertu de l'article 241 du Code civil et commercial, un r\u00e9parateur en possession l\u00e9gitime du v\u00e9hicule peut le retenir jusqu'au paiement de la facture de r\u00e9paration de ce v\u00e9hicule. Il ne peut pas vendre la voiture de sa propre autorit\u00e9 et il doit restituer la voiture si une garantie ad\u00e9quate pour le montant contest\u00e9 est fournie.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Puis-je inscrire un privil\u00e8ge sur un terrain en Tha\u00eflande ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Non. La loi tha\u00eflandaise ne pr\u00e9voit pas de privil\u00e8ge enregistrable sur un bien immobilier. Les garanties sur un bien immobilier sont prises par le biais d'une hypoth\u00e8que enregistr\u00e9e au Bureau foncier, et un cr\u00e9ancier muni d'un jugement peut faire saisir le bien par le tribunal. Le droit de r\u00e9tention n'existe que tant que le cr\u00e9ancier d\u00e9tient physiquement le bien.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre un droit de r\u00e9tention (lien) et un gage (pledge) en Tha\u00eflande ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Un gage est un contrat de s\u00fbret\u00e9 r\u00e9gi par les articles 747 et suivants, par lequel le d\u00e9biteur remet intentionnellement un bien meuble au cr\u00e9ancier \u00e0 titre de garantie, et le cr\u00e9ancier peut le vendre aux ench\u00e8res publiques en cas de d\u00e9faillance. Un droit de r\u00e9tention na\u00eet de la loi chaque fois qu'une personne d\u00e9tient l\u00e9gitimement le bien d'autrui et qu'on lui doit de l'argent \u00e0 ce sujet, et il conf\u00e8re uniquement le droit de conserver l'objet, et non de le vendre.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Voir aussi\u00a0: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/mortgage\/\">hypoth\u00e8que<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/encumbrance\/\">charge sur un titre de propri\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/suretyship\/\">cautionnement<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/thai-civil-and-commercial-code\/\">Code civil et commercial tha\u00eflandais<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/debt-collection-lawyer-in-thailand\/\">Recouvrement de cr\u00e9ances en Tha\u00eflande<\/a> ET <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/civil-liability-in-thailand\/\">responsabilit\u00e9 civile en Tha\u00eflande<\/a>.<\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A lien (\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e22\u0e36\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e27\u0e07, sitthi yuet nuang, translated as right of retention or possessory lien) in Thai law is the right [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":214,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"lien thailand","rank_math_title":"Lien Thailand: Right of Retention Explained | ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Lien in Thailand means the right of retention under Sections 241 to 250 of the Civil Code: keeping another's property until a related debt is paid. Limits.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"class_list":["post-1817","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1817"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1817\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8600,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1817\/revisions\/8600"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}