{"id":1847,"date":"2026-04-18T17:01:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T10:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/terminal-illness\/"},"modified":"2026-09-27T22:32:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T15:32:12","slug":"terminal-illness","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/terminal-illness\/","title":{"rendered":"Maladie terminale dans un testament de vie en Tha\u00eflande"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Maladie en phase terminale<\/strong> (\u0e23\u0e30\u0e22\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14\u0e17\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e27\u0e34\u0e15, <em>Le dernier chapitre de la vie<\/em>, \u00e9galement traduit par le <em>phase terminale de la vie<\/em> ou <em>stade terminal<\/em>) est une affection m\u00e9dicale pour laquelle aucun rem\u00e8de n'est attendu et la mort est pr\u00e9visible. En droit tha\u00eflandais, cette expression importe car elle d\u00e9clenche les directives anticip\u00e9es : l'article 12 de la loi sur la sant\u00e9 nationale B.E. 2550 (2007) permet \u00e0 une personne de refuser des services de sant\u00e9 qui ne feraient que prolonger la mort au stade terminal d'une maladie, ou de mettre fin \u00e0 des souffrances intenses dues \u00e0 la maladie. Un diagnostic de maladie terminale par le m\u00e9decin traitant est ce qui transforme une d\u00e9claration sign\u00e9e en une instruction que l'h\u00f4pital doit respecter.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table des mati\u00e8res<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#what-section-12-and-the-2010-regulation-say\">Ce que disent l'article 12 et le r\u00e8glement de 2010<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#practical-points-for-foreign-patients\">Points pratiques pour les patients \u00e9trangers<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#terminal-illness-incapacity-and-euthanasia\">Maladie terminale, incapacit\u00e9 et euthanasie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-section-12-and-the-2010-regulation-say\">Ce que disent l'article 12 et le r\u00e8glement de 2010<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>L'article 12 conf\u00e8re \u00e0 toute personne le droit de faire une d\u00e9claration \u00e9crite, des directives anticip\u00e9es ou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/living-will-in-thailand\/\">Directives anticip\u00e9es<\/a> as it is usually called, refusing treatment intended only to prolong dying in the terminal stage of illness or to stop severe suffering. The Ministerial Regulation issued under the Act in 2010, in force from 20 May 2011, sets the procedure and defines the key terms: the last stage of life (in the regulation, \u0e27\u0e32\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14\u0e17\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e27\u0e34\u0e15) is the condition, caused by an injury or an incurable disease, that the treating doctor diagnoses by medical standards as leading unavoidably to death in the near future, and it expressly includes the permanent loss of function of the cerebral cortex that leaves a person unable to perceive or communicate; life-prolonging treatment means methods that delay death without saving the patient from it or ending the suffering, while the patient continues to receive palliative care (clause 2). A declaration made by a pregnant woman is carried out only after the pregnancy ends (clause 6).<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>La d\u00e9cision qu'un patient a atteint ce stade appartient au m\u00e9decin, et non \u00e0 la famille ni au document. Une fois qu'elle est prise et qu'une d\u00e9claration valide est vers\u00e9e au dossier, le praticien qui retient ou retire le traitement refus\u00e9 ne commet aucune infraction et est d\u00e9gag\u00e9 de toute responsabilit\u00e9 en vertu de la loi. La Cour administrative supr\u00eame a confirm\u00e9 la validit\u00e9 du r\u00e8glement en 2015, de sorte que le cadre rel\u00e8ve du droit \u00e9tabli plut\u00f4t que de simples directives.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"practical-points-for-foreign-patients\">Points pratiques pour les patients \u00e9trangers<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Un \u00e9tranger vivant en Tha\u00eflande doit faire cette d\u00e9claration en bonne sant\u00e9 et lucide, car la capacit\u00e9 au moment de la signature est ce que l'h\u00f4pital demandera plus tard. Le document doit nommer les traitements refus\u00e9s au stade terminal : r\u00e9animation cardiopulmonaire, ventilation m\u00e9canique, alimentation par sonde, dialyse, chirurgie suppl\u00e9mentaire. Il doit \u00eatre en tha\u00ef ou bilingue, dat\u00e9, sign\u00e9 et attest\u00e9 par au moins un adulte n'ayant aucun int\u00e9r\u00eat dans le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/estate\/\">domaine<\/a>, et un exemplaire doit \u00eatre d\u00e9pos\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s de l'h\u00f4pital traitant et du m\u00e9decin de famille. L'enregistrement est facultatif via le syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectronique du Bureau de la Commission nationale de la sant\u00e9.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>L'erreur fr\u00e9quente est de s'en remettre \u00e0 une directive sign\u00e9e \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger. Les h\u00f4pitaux tha\u00eflandais ne tiennent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pas compte d'un directives anticip\u00e9es \u00e9tranger, et les grands h\u00f4pitaux priv\u00e9s de Bangkok exigent \u00e9galement un second avis m\u00e9dical confirmant le diagnostic de phase terminale avant d'interrompre les traitements. Une directive r\u00e9dig\u00e9e selon le mod\u00e8le tha\u00eflandais, mise \u00e0 jour tous les quelques ans, \u00e9vite ces deux sources de retards. Les soins palliatifs et le soulagement de la douleur ne font jamais partie des traitements refus\u00e9s ; la d\u00e9claration met fin \u00e0 ce qui prolonge l'agonie, non \u00e0 ce qui l'apaise.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"terminal-illness-incapacity-and-euthanasia\">Maladie terminale, incapacit\u00e9 et euthanasie<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Trois situations sont souvent confondues. La maladie en phase terminale est l'\u00e9tat m\u00e9dical dans lequel s'applique le testament biologique. L'inaptitude, c'est-\u00e0-dire l'incapacit\u00e9 de prendre ou de communiquer des d\u00e9cisions, est ce qui rend ce document n\u00e9cessaire en premier lieu : un patient conscient peut simplement refuser un traitement en personne. L'euthanasie, qui consiste \u00e0 mettre activement fin \u00e0 la vie, se situe en dehors de ces deux notions ; une demande de dose l\u00e9tale formul\u00e9e dans une d\u00e9claration de maladie inop\u00e9rante est nulle, et son ex\u00e9cution constitue un meurtre en vertu de l'article 288 du Code criminel.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>A living will also does nothing for the estate. It says which treatment stops, and can name a person to explain the patient&#8217;s real wishes where the document is unclear (Ministerial Regulation of 2010 under section 12, clause 3), but property passes only under a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/last-will-in-thailand\/\">testament<\/a> et les questions financi\u00e8res en cas d'incapacit\u00e9 n\u00e9cessitent une procuration distincte. Les \u00e9trangers qui en pr\u00e9parent une pr\u00e9parent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les deux autres en m\u00eame temps.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Last reviewed: 27 September 2026.<\/strong> Section 12 of the National Health Act B.E. 2550 and the Ministerial Regulation under it (B.E. 2553, in force 20 May 2011, clauses 1 to 7) were read in Thai, with the National Health Commission Office guidance manual, as was Section 288 of the Criminal Code. The Supreme Administrative Court decision is cited as reported and was not re-read; hospital second-opinion practice and the witness advice are practice, not requirements of the regulation.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Qui d\u00e9cide qu'un patient est en phase terminale pour un testament de fin de vie tha\u00eflandais ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Le m\u00e9decin traitant. Le r\u00e8glement de 2010 pris en application de la loi sur la sant\u00e9 nationale associe le stade terminal \u00e0 l'\u00e9valuation du m\u00e9decin selon laquelle la maladie ne peut \u00eatre gu\u00e9rie et la mort est attendue. De nombreux h\u00f4pitaux priv\u00e9s demandent la confirmation d'un second m\u00e9decin avant de retirer le traitement.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Un \u00e9tranger en phase terminale peut-il refuser un traitement en Tha\u00eflande ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Oui. L'article 12 de la loi sur la sant\u00e9 nationale s'applique \u00e0 toute personne soign\u00e9e en Tha\u00eflande. Un patient conscient peut refuser en personne ; un patient inconscient a besoin d'un directives anticip\u00e9es pr\u00e9alables \u00e9tablies selon le formulaire tha\u00eflandais, id\u00e9alement bilingues et sign\u00e9es par des t\u00e9moins, et d\u00e9pos\u00e9es aupr\u00e8s de l'h\u00f4pital.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Un testament biologique est-il la m\u00eame chose qu'un testament de derni\u00e8re volont\u00e9 en Tha\u00eflande ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Non. Un testament biologique couvre les traitements m\u00e9dicaux en cas de maladie terminale ou d'incapacit\u00e9 et n'a aucun effet sur les biens. Un testament selon le Code civil et commercial dispose de la succession apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9c\u00e8s. Ce sont des documents distincts soumis \u00e0 des exigences formelles diff\u00e9rentes.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Voir aussi\u00a0: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/euthanasia\/\">euthanasie<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/palliative-care\/\">soins palliatifs<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/incapacity\/\">incapacit\u00e9<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/power-of-attorney\/\">procuration<\/a>, et les guides sur le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/living-will-in-thailand\/\">Testament de vie en Tha\u00eflande<\/a> et le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/living-will-regulation-in-thailand\/\">r\u00e9glementation de 2010 sur les directives anticip\u00e9es<\/a>.<\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Terminal illness (\u0e23\u0e30\u0e22\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14\u0e17\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e27\u0e34\u0e15, raya sutthai khong chiwit, also translated as the terminal stage of life or end stage) is a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":214,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Terminal illness in a Thai living will: the medical state that triggers the right under Section 12 of the National Health Act to refuse life-prolonging 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