{"id":250,"date":"2023-12-28T04:02:17","date_gmt":"2023-12-27T21:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/class-action-in-thailand\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T03:48:09","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T20:48:09","slug":"class-action-in-thailand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/class-action-in-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"Action collective en Tha\u00eflande\u00a0: un guide complet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Last reviewed: 26 September 2026. Sections 222\/1, 222\/3, 222\/5, 222\/8, 222\/9, 222\/10, 222\/12, 222\/14, 222\/15, 222\/16, 222\/17 and 222\/37 of the Civil Procedure Code were read in the Thai text in our annotated Code. The two cases below were checked against press and NGO reports, not the judgments. The 18-to-36-month duration and the costs guarantee for foreign plaintiffs are practice estimates.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Class action lawsuits are still relatively new in Thailand, but they\u2019re becoming more important. Since 2015, groups of people with similar legal problems can file a single lawsuit together. This makes the process more affordable and efficient, especially when individual claims are too small to pursue on their own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img alt=\"How to Do a Class Action in Thailand\" class=\"wp-image-12449 tlo-responsive-img\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/class-action-in-thailand.jpeg\" style=\"width:500px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">How to Do a Class Action in Thailand<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table of Contents<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-is-a-class-action-lawsuit-in-thailand\">What is a Class Action Lawsuit in Thailand?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#how-to-initiate-a-class-action-proceeding-in-thailand\">How to Initiate a Class Action Proceeding in Thailand?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#who-can-be-a-class-member-in-a-class-action-lawsuit\">Who Can Be a Class Member in a Class Action Lawsuit?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-are-the-legal-proceedings-for-class-actions-under-thai-law\">What are the Legal Proceedings for Class Actions under Thai Law?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-are-common-issues-in-class-action-lawsuits-in-thailand\">What are Common Issues in Class Action Lawsuits in Thailand?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#real-class-action-cases-in-thailand\">Real Class Action Cases in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#challenges-and-pitfalls\">Challenges and Pitfalls<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#need-help-with-a-class-action-in-thailand\">Need Help With a Class Action in Thailand?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#contact-thai-law-online-today\">Contact ThaiLawOnline Today<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Class action lawsuits represent a pivotal component of the legal landscape in Thailand, providing a mechanism for individuals with similar grievances to collectively seek justice. Introduced formally into Thai law in 2015, class actions have become an essential tool for addressing mass grievances, particularly in areas such as consumer protection, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/tort\/\">torts<\/a>, and breach of contract. This comprehensive guide aims to elucidate the intricacies of class action lawsuits in Thailand, exploring their definition, initiation process, and the legal proceedings involved, while also addressing common issues and the significant role of the Thai courts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-a-class-action-lawsuit-in-thailand\">What is a Class Action Lawsuit in Thailand?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A class action lawsuit in Thailand is a legal proceeding where one or several plaintiffs, referred to as representatives of the class, bring an action on behalf of a larger group, or class, of individuals who share similar legal claims. This procedural law is designed to enhance efficiency in the judicial process by consolidating numerous individual actions into one coherent case. The class action regime in Thailand allows for the collective redress of grievances, thereby saving time and resources for both the courts and the parties involved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Instead of each person hiring their own lawyer and going to court alone, class actions let people pool their claims. Here\u2019s a simple comparison:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Feature<\/th><th>Individual Lawsuit<\/th><th>Class Action Lawsuit<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Who files the case?<\/td><td>One person<\/td><td>One or more people, on behalf of a group<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Plaintiff&#8217;s lawyer<\/td><td>Paid by the client<\/td><td>If the class wins, the court orders the defendant to pay the class lawyer a reward (section 222\/37)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Court process<\/td><td>Each case handled separately<\/td><td>One trial for all class members<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Result applies to<\/td><td>Just that individual<\/td><td>Everyone in the class (unless opted out)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This structure helps people with small claims get access to justice, even when suing a large company or government agency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-class-actions-differ-from-individual-lawsuits-in-thailand\">How Class Actions Differ from Individual Lawsuits in Thailand<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Class actions in Thailand differ significantly from individual lawsuits in several key aspects. While an individual action involves a single plaintiff pursuing their claim, a class action lawsuit involves a group of people represented by a class lawyer. This collective approach ensures that even those with smaller claims, which may not be economically viable to pursue individually, can still seek justice. The interests of the class are represented collectively, and any judgment or settlement is binding upon all class members unless they choose to opt-out of the class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Civil Procedure Code plays a crucial role in governing class action proceedings in Thailand. Amendments to the code have specifically addressed the procedural requirements for initiating and maintaining a class action lawsuit. These amendments outline the steps for filing a motion for class certification, detailing the necessary criteria that must be met for a lawsuit to be recognized as a class action. The code also delineates the responsibilities and rights of a member of the class, ensuring that the procedural framework supports fair and equitable treatment for all involved parties.<\/p>\n\n\n<style data-noptimize=\"1\">.tlo-lb{border:2px solid #1E3455;background:#fff;margin:28px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;color:#1b1b1b}.tlo-lb h2.tlo-lb-h{background:#1E3455;color:#fff;font-size:19px;line-height:1.3;margin:0;padding:12px 16px}.tlo-lb-tabs{position:relative;padding-top:44px;background:#fff}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:absolute;top:0;width:33.334%;height:44px;line-height:44px;text-align:center;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;background:#eef0f4;color:#1E3455;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:3px solid #1E3455}.tlo-lb-tab>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(1)>summary{left:0}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(2)>summary{left:33.333%}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(3)>summary{left:66.666%}.tlo-lb-tab[open]>summary{background:#fff;border-bottom-color:#FECB01}.tlo-lb summary:focus-visible,.tlo-lb a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #FECB01;outline-offset:-3px}.tlo-lb-sec{padding:14px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-sec h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 4px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-sec h3 small{font-weight:400;color:#555;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-sec p{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-text{white-space:pre-line;border-left:3px solid #FECB01;padding-left:12px;margin:0 0 6px}.tlo-lb-note{font-size:13px;color:#555;font-style:italic}.tlo-lb-badge{display:inline-block;background:#FECB01;color:#1E3455;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;padding:1px 7px;margin-left:6px}.tlo-lb-fold{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-fold>summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px}.tlo-lb-links a{margin-right:14px;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-cases,.tlo-lb-src{padding:14px 16px;background:#f6f7f9;border-top:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-cases h3,.tlo-lb-src h3{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 6px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-cases ul,.tlo-lb-src ul{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px;font-size:14px}.tlo-al{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:#444;margin:0 0 18px}.tlo-al details{margin-top:4px}.tlo-al summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455}.tlo-al ul{margin:6px 0 0 18px;padding:0}@media print{.tlo-lb{border:1px solid #000}.tlo-lb-tabs{padding-top:0}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.4;text-align:left;background:none;border:0}.tlo-lb details::details-content{content-visibility:visible;display:block}.tlo-lb-links a{color:#000}}<\/style><script data-noptimize=\"1\" data-no-optimize=\"1\">document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){(function(){var b=document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb-tabs\");b.forEach(function(g){var t=g.querySelectorAll(\":scope>details\");t.forEach(function(d){d.firstElementChild.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){if(d.open){e.preventDefault()}})})});var s=[];addEventListener(\"beforeprint\",function(){s=[];document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb details\").forEach(function(d){s.push([d,d.open,d.getAttribute(\"name\")]);d.removeAttribute(\"name\");d.open=true})});addEventListener(\"afterprint\",function(){s.forEach(function(x){x[0].open=x[1];if(x[2]){x[0].setAttribute(\"name\",x[2])}})})})();});<\/script><section class=\"tlo-lb notranslate\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation translate=\"no\" aria-label=\"Le droit applicable \u00e0 cette page\"><h2 class=\"tlo-lb-h\">Le droit applicable \u00e0 cette page<\/h2><div class=\"tlo-lb-tabs\"><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"en\" data-no-translation><summary>English<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/8<\/h3><p>A class action can be requested only in certain kinds of cases with many class members: tort claims, breach of contract claims, and claims of rights under laws such as those on the environment, consumer protection, labor, securities, and trade competition. The plaintiff bringing the request must be a member of the group.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">In the following cases having a large number of class members, a plaintiff who is a class member may request to proceed as a class action: (1) tort cases; (2) breach of contract cases; (3) cases claiming rights under various laws, such as laws concerning the environment, consumer protection, labor, securities and the stock exchange, and trade competition.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-8\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/12<\/h3><p>This is the heart of Thai class action law: the court may certify a class only if five tests are met, covering the pleading, a clearly defined group, a large membership, that a class is fairer and more efficient than ordinary litigation, and that the plaintiff and proposed group lawyer can adequately protect the group. The court can narrow the group&#039;s scope. Either side may appeal the certification decision to the Court of Appeal within seven days, whose ruling is final.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">In considering a motion requesting permission to proceed as a class action, the court shall send a copy of the complaint and of such motion to the defendant. When the court has heard all parties and conducted an inquiry as it deems appropriate, the court may permit the class action only when it is satisfied that: (1) the nature of the claim, the demand for relief, and the allegations relied upon as the basis of the claim of the plaintiff and of the group of persons have the characteristics prescribed in Section 222\/10; (2) the plaintiff has shown the common specific characteristics of the group of persons clearly enough to identify which group of persons it is; (3) the group of persons has a large number of members, such that conducting the case as an ordinary case would cause difficulty and inconvenience; (4) the class action would be fairer and more efficient than conducting the case as an ordinary case; (5) the plaintiff has shown that the plaintiff is a group member possessing the qualifications and interest, including the acquisition of the right to be a group member, in accordance with the regulations of the President of the Supreme Court, if any, and that the plaintiff together with the lawyer whom the plaintiff proposes as lawyer of the group can conduct the case to protect the rights of the group of persons adequately and fairly. In an order permitting a class action, the court may limit the scope of the group of persons so as to be clear enough to know which group of persons it is. An order permitting or not permitting a class action may be appealed to the Court of Appeal within seven days from the date the court issues the order, and the proceedings shall be stayed until such order becomes final. In this regard, the Court of Appeal shall decide promptly. The decision of the Court of Appeal shall be final. In the case where the court issues an order permitting a class action, the court shall order the complaint to be accepted for consideration. When the summons has been served on the defendant, the defendant shall make a written answer and file it with the court within one month, and the plaintiff&#039;s lawyer shall be deemed the lawyer of the group as well. In the case where the court issues an order not permitting a class action, the court shall proceed further as an ordinary case.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-12\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/1<\/h3><p>This section defines the key terms for class actions in Thailand. A group of persons shares the same rights from the same facts and law even if their damages differ; each such person is a class member; the class action is the court-permitted proceeding that decides everyone&#039;s rights at once; and a class action officer helps the court run it.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">In this Chapter: &quot;group of persons&quot; means several persons who have the same rights arising from the same facts and the same rule of law, and who share the same characteristics specific to the group, even though the nature of the damage may differ; &quot;class member&quot; means any person who is within the group of persons; &quot;class action proceeding&quot; means a proceeding in which the court permits the filing of a complaint so that the court may render a judgment declaring the rights of the plaintiff and the class members; &quot;class action officer&quot; means a person appointed by the Secretary-General of the Office of the Courts of Justice to assist the court in conducting a class action proceeding.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-1\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/9<\/h3><p>To start a class action, the plaintiff files a motion asking for permission to proceed as a class action at the same time as filing the complaint that opens the case. The motion must give reasonable grounds for the court to grant permission.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">In requesting to proceed as a class action, the plaintiff shall file a motion with the court together with the complaint instituting the case, in order to request permission to proceed as a class action under the provisions of this Chapter. In the motion to proceed as a class action under paragraph one, the plaintiff shall show reasonable grounds for the court to permit the class action.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-9\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/14<\/h3><p>Once certification is final, the court sets an amount the plaintiff must deposit within seven days to cover the costs of running the class action, such as notices and publication. If the plaintiff ignores the order without explanation, the court cancels the class action and the case continues as an ordinary lawsuit. If a top up is later ordered and ignored without explanation, the plaintiff is treated as having abandoned the case.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">When the order permitting a class action has become final, the court shall order the plaintiff to deposit with the court the expenses for conducting the class action, in the amount it deems appropriate, within seven days from the date the court issues the order. In the case where the plaintiff neglects to comply with such order and does not notify the court of the reason for such neglect, the court shall issue an order canceling the class action and shall proceed further as an ordinary case. If it later appears that the expenses deposited are insufficient, the court may order an additional deposit of such expenses in the amount it deems appropriate. In the case where the plaintiff neglects to comply with such order and does not notify the court of the reason for such neglect, the plaintiff shall be deemed to have abandoned the complaint.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-14\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/16<\/h3><p>A member who does not want to be part of the class must give the court written notice within the opt out period fixed under Section 222\/15(6), and is treated as leaving from the date of notice. After the deadline, opting out needs the court&#039;s permission, and that decision is final. Once you have opted out you cannot rejoin, and neither members nor those who opted out may join as co-plaintiffs under the ordinary intervention rule in Section 57.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A group member has the right to opt out of group membership by notifying his intention in writing filed with the court within the period prescribed by the court under Section 222\/15(6), and such group member shall be deemed not to be a group member from the date he gave such notice to the court. When the period under paragraph one has expired, a group member may not opt out of group membership except with the permission of the court, and the court&#039;s order shall be final. A person who has opted out of group membership may not apply to re-enter as a group member. A group member, and a person who has opted out of group membership, may not intervene as a co-plaintiff in the class action by relying on the right under Section 57.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-16\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/19<\/h3><p>The court can cancel class treatment at any point if the class no longer adequately protects or benefits members, or is no longer needed, and the case then continues as an ordinary lawsuit with the earlier proceedings still counting. The court can also act if the group&#039;s lawyer cannot properly protect the group or wants to withdraw, by ordering the plaintiff and members to find a replacement within a set time; if they fail to do so, the court may cancel the class action and continue the case as an ordinary lawsuit. These orders are final.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">In the case where the class action would not adequately protect or benefit the group members, or there is no longer any necessity to proceed as a class action, whether this appears to the court itself or upon the statement of any party, the court has the power to order the cancellation of the class action and to proceed further as an ordinary case, whereby the proceedings already conducted shall be deemed to bind the ordinary case of the plaintiff and the defendant thereafter. If it appears to the court during the trial that the lawyer for the plaintiff&#039;s side cannot conduct the case to protect the rights of the group of persons adequately and fairly, or the lawyer for the plaintiff&#039;s side requests to withdraw from conducting the class action, the court may order the plaintiff and the group members to procure a new lawyer to conduct the case within the period prescribed by the court. If the plaintiff and the group members neglect to do so, the provision in paragraph one shall apply mutatis mutandis. The court&#039;s order under this Section shall be final.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-19\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 222\/37<\/h3><p>The defendant, not the group, pays the plaintiff&#039;s lawyer a reward set by the court. For non-money judgments the court fixes it based on difficulty, time, work, and class action expenses; for money judgments it is a percentage of the recovery capped at thirty percent. If the lawyer changed during the case, the reward is split by each lawyer&#039;s work, and the lawyer can enforce it against the defendant as a judgment creditor.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Where the court renders judgment ordering the defendant to perform an act, to refrain from performing an act, or to deliver property, the court shall fix the amount of the reward that the defendant must pay to the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side as it deems appropriate, taking into account the difficulty of the case together with the time and the work of the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side, as well as the expenses relating to the conduct of the class action, which are not the court fees that the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side has paid, and for this purpose, when the trial has concluded, the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side shall file an account of such expenses with the court and shall also send a copy to the defendant. If the judgment orders the defendant to pay money, in addition to taking into account the criteria under paragraph one, the court shall also take into account the amount of money that the plaintiff and the group members are entitled to receive, by fixing it as a percentage of such amount, but the reward of the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side must not exceed thirty percent of that amount. If the judgment orders the defendant to perform an act, to refrain from performing an act, or to deliver property together with the payment of money, the provisions of paragraph one and paragraph two shall apply mutatis mutandis. In fixing the reward of the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side under this section, if there is a change of the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side, the court shall fix the reward of the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side according to the proportion of the work and the expenses that each lawyer has incurred. The lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side shall be deemed to be a judgment creditor, and the defendant a judgment debtor, in respect of the reward of the lawyer of the plaintiff&#039;s side, and such reward is not court fees.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-37\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"th\" data-no-translation><summary>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/8<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e01\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n(\u0e51) \u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e21\u0e34\u0e14\n(\u0e52) \u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e32\n(\u0e53) \u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07 \u0e46 \u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e27\u0e14\u0e25\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e04\u0e38\u0e49\u0e21\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e42\u0e20\u0e04\u0e41\u0e23\u0e07\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19 \u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e15\u0e25\u0e32\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e02\u0e48\u0e07\u0e02\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e04\u0e49\u0e32<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-8\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/12<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e32\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22 \u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e1f\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e38\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e08\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\n(\u0e51) \u0e2a\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e32 \u0e04\u0e33\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25 \u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e52\u0e52\u0e52\/\u0e51\u0e50\n(\u0e52) \u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e40\u0e09\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e30\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e14\u0e40\u0e08\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e2d \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14\n(\u0e53) \u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e01 \u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e14\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e22\u0e38\u0e48\u0e07\u0e22\u0e32\u0e01\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e30\u0e14\u0e27\u0e01\n(\u0e54) \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e21\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e31\u0e0d\n(\u0e55) \u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e38\u0e13\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34 \u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22 \u0e23\u0e27\u0e21\u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21 \u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e27\u0e21\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e04\u0e38\u0e49\u0e21\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\n\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21 \u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e08\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e14\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e02\u0e15\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e14\u0e40\u0e08\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e2d \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e40\u0e08\u0e47\u0e14\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e07\u0e14\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e08\u0e19\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e08\u0e30\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14 \u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e27\u0e34\u0e19\u0e34\u0e08\u0e09\u0e31\u0e22\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e49\u0e02\u0e32\u0e14\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e40\u0e23\u0e47\u0e27 \u0e04\u0e33\u0e27\u0e34\u0e19\u0e34\u0e08\u0e09\u0e31\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14\n\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\n\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e31\u0e0d<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-12\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/1<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e27\u0e14\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u201c\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u201d \u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e14\u0e35\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e40\u0e19\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e21\u0e32\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e17\u0e47\u0e08\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e14\u0e35\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e40\u0e09\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e30\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e21\u0e49\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e30\u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e41\u0e15\u0e01\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e01\u0e47\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\n\u201c\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u201d \u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14 \u0e46 \u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\n\u201c\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u201d \u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\n\u201c\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u201d \u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e25\u0e02\u0e32\u0e18\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e22\u0e38\u0e15\u0e34\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e07\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-1\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/9<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e34\u0e48\u0e21\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35 \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e27\u0e14\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\n\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-9\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/14<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e19\u0e33\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e08\u0e47\u0e14\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e40\u0e09\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e17\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e40\u0e09\u0e22\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e22\u0e01\u0e40\u0e25\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e31\u0e0d\n\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e32\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0f\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e21\u0e35\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e2d \u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e48\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e40\u0e09\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e17\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e40\u0e09\u0e22\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e17\u0e34\u0e49\u0e07\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-14\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/16<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e30\u0e22\u0e30\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e52\u0e52\u0e52\/\u0e51\u0e55 \n(\u0e56) \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\n\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e49\u0e19\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e23\u0e30\u0e22\u0e30\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14\n\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e08\u0e30\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e40\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e55\u0e57 \u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-16\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/19<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e04\u0e38\u0e49\u0e21\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e42\u0e22\u0e0a\u0e19\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e2d \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b \u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0f\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e33\u0e41\u0e16\u0e25\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e19\u0e32\u0e08\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e22\u0e01\u0e40\u0e25\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e31\u0e0d \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e01\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\n\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0f\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e04\u0e38\u0e49\u0e21\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21 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\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-19\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 222\/37<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p 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\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e33\u0e19\u0e36\u0e07\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e40\u0e01\u0e13\u0e11\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e04\u0e33\u0e19\u0e36\u0e07\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01\u0e01\u0e25\u0e38\u0e48\u0e21\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e25\u0e30\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27 \u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e25\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\n\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e14\u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e23\u0e27\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e19\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e21\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e42\u0e25\u0e21\n\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e25\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e25\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e33\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e44\u0e1b\n\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e25\u0e39\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e25\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e25\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e24\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-37\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"fr\" data-no-translation open><summary>Fran\u00e7ais<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/8<\/h3><p>Dans les affaires suivantes comportant un grand nombre de membres du groupe, un demandeur membre du groupe peut demander \u00e0 agir par voie d&#039;action de groupe : (1) affaires de responsabilit\u00e9 d\u00e9lictuelle ; (2) affaires d&#039;inex\u00e9cution contractuelle ; (3) affaires de revendication de droits fond\u00e9s sur diverses lois, par exemple en mati\u00e8re d&#039;environnement, de protection des consommateurs, de travail, de valeurs mobili\u00e8res et de bourse, et de concurrence commerciale.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-8\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/12<\/h3><p>Saisi d&#039;une demande d&#039;action de groupe, le tribunal en adresse copie, avec l&#039;assignation, au d\u00e9fendeur. Apr\u00e8s avoir entendu les parties et instruit, il ne l&#039;autorise que s&#039;il est convaincu que : (1) les pr\u00e9tentions, demandes et fondements r\u00e9pondent \u00e0 l&#039;article 222\/10 ; (2) le groupe est assez pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 pour \u00eatre identifi\u00e9 ; (3) le nombre de membres rendrait la proc\u00e9dure ordinaire difficile et malcommode ; (4) l&#039;action de groupe est plus \u00e9quitable et efficace que la proc\u00e9dure ordinaire ; (5) le demandeur est un membre qualifi\u00e9 et int\u00e9ress\u00e9, selon les r\u00e8gles \u00e9ventuelles du Pr\u00e9sident de la Cour supr\u00eame, et lui et l&#039;avocat propos\u00e9 peuvent prot\u00e9ger le groupe ad\u00e9quatement et \u00e9quitablement. Le tribunal peut d\u00e9limiter le groupe. L&#039;ordonnance d&#039;autorisation ou de refus est susceptible d&#039;appel dans les sept jours de son prononc\u00e9, l&#039;instance \u00e9tant suspendue jusqu&#039;\u00e0 d\u00e9cision d\u00e9finitive ; la cour d&#039;appel statue rapidement et sans recours. Si l&#039;action est autoris\u00e9e, le tribunal re\u00e7oit la demande, le d\u00e9fendeur assign\u00e9 r\u00e9pond par \u00e9crit dans un mois et l&#039;avocat du demandeur devient celui du groupe ; sinon, la proc\u00e9dure ordinaire se poursuit.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-12\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/1<\/h3><p>D\u00e9finitions du chapitre : \u00ab groupe \u00bb : plusieurs personnes ayant les m\u00eames droits issus des m\u00eames faits et des m\u00eames r\u00e8gles de droit et partageant les m\u00eames caract\u00e9ristiques, m\u00eame si leurs pr\u00e9judices diff\u00e8rent ; \u00ab membre du groupe \u00bb : toute personne faisant partie du groupe ; \u00ab action de groupe \u00bb : l&#039;action que le tribunal autorise \u00e0 introduire afin qu&#039;il rende un jugement d\u00e9clarant les droits du demandeur et des membres du groupe ; \u00ab agent des actions de groupe \u00bb : la personne nomm\u00e9e par le Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l&#039;Office des tribunaux judiciaires pour assister le tribunal dans les actions de groupe.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-1\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/9<\/h3><p>Pour demander une action de groupe, le demandeur d\u00e9pose une requ\u00eate aupr\u00e8s du tribunal en m\u00eame temps que l&#039;assignation introductive d&#039;instance, conform\u00e9ment aux dispositions du chapitre. Dans cette requ\u00eate, il doit exposer des motifs raisonnables justifiant que le tribunal autorise l&#039;action de groupe.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-9\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/14<\/h3><p>Lorsque l&#039;autorisation de l&#039;action de groupe est d\u00e9finitive, le tribunal ordonne au demandeur de consigner les frais de l&#039;action, au montant qu&#039;il juge appropri\u00e9, dans les sept jours de l&#039;ordonnance. Si le demandeur ne s&#039;ex\u00e9cute pas sans en indiquer la raison au tribunal, celui-ci annule l&#039;action de groupe et la proc\u00e9dure se poursuit selon la voie ordinaire. Si les frais consign\u00e9s s&#039;av\u00e8rent ensuite insuffisants, le tribunal peut ordonner un compl\u00e9ment ; \u00e0 d\u00e9faut d&#039;ex\u00e9cution sans motif communiqu\u00e9, le demandeur est r\u00e9put\u00e9 s&#039;\u00eatre d\u00e9sist\u00e9 de son action.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-14\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/16<\/h3><p>Un membre peut quitter le groupe en notifiant sa volont\u00e9 par \u00e9crit au tribunal dans le d\u00e9lai fix\u00e9 par celui-ci en application de l&#039;article 222\/15 (6) ; il cesse d&#039;\u00eatre membre \u00e0 compter de cette notification. Pass\u00e9 ce d\u00e9lai, il ne peut se retirer qu&#039;avec l&#039;autorisation du tribunal, dont la d\u00e9cision est d\u00e9finitive. Une personne qui a quitt\u00e9 le groupe ne peut demander \u00e0 y revenir. Ni les membres ni les personnes retir\u00e9es ne peuvent intervenir comme codemandeurs dans l&#039;action de groupe sur le fondement de l&#039;article 57.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-16\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/19<\/h3><p>Si l&#039;action de groupe ne prot\u00e8ge ou ne sert pas suffisamment les membres, ou n&#039;est plus n\u00e9cessaire, le tribunal, d&#039;office ou sur d\u00e9claration d&#039;une partie, peut l&#039;annuler et poursuivre selon la proc\u00e9dure ordinaire, les actes d\u00e9j\u00e0 accomplis liant le demandeur et le d\u00e9fendeur. S&#039;il appara\u00eet en cours d&#039;instance que l&#039;avocat du demandeur ne peut prot\u00e9ger ad\u00e9quatement et \u00e9quitablement les droits du groupe, ou s&#039;il se retire, le tribunal peut ordonner au demandeur et aux membres de d\u00e9signer un nouvel avocat dans le d\u00e9lai fix\u00e9 ; \u00e0 d\u00e9faut, le premier alin\u00e9a s&#039;applique par analogie. Ces ordonnances sont d\u00e9finitives.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-19\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 222\/37<\/h3><p>Si le jugement condamne le d\u00e9fendeur \u00e0 faire, \u00e0 s&#039;abstenir ou \u00e0 remettre un bien, le tribunal fixe la r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration due par le d\u00e9fendeur \u00e0 l&#039;avocat du demandeur selon la difficult\u00e9 de l&#039;affaire, le temps et le travail fournis et les frais de l&#039;action de groupe autres que les frais de justice ; l&#039;avocat d\u00e9pose \u00e0 la fin de l&#039;instance un \u00e9tat de ces frais, avec copie au d\u00e9fendeur. En cas de condamnation p\u00e9cuniaire, le tribunal tient compte aussi des sommes dues au demandeur et aux membres, en fixant un pourcentage n&#039;exc\u00e9dant pas trente pour cent. Ces r\u00e8gles s&#039;appliquent par analogie aux condamnations mixtes. En cas de changement d&#039;avocat, la r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration est r\u00e9partie selon le travail et les frais de chacun. L&#039;avocat est cr\u00e9ancier du jugement et le d\u00e9fendeur d\u00e9biteur pour cette r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration, qui ne constitue pas des frais de justice.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-222-37\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-src\"><h3>Sources<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Code de proc\u00e9dure civile, Office of the Council of State<\/a>, consult\u00e9 le 31 octobre 2026<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-to-initiate-a-class-action-proceeding-in-thailand\">How to Initiate a Class Action Proceeding in Thailand?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A class action is started by filing the claim together with a request to proceed as a class action (section 222\/9), in a civil <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/court-of-first-instance\/\">court of first instance<\/a>, but not a district (Kwaeng) court (section 222\/3). It is available where many people are affected, for claims in tort, for breach of contract, and for claims under statutes such as the environmental, consumer protection, labour, securities and trade competition laws (section 222\/8). The initiating plaintiff pays <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/court-fees\/\">court fees<\/a> only on their own claim (section 222\/10).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After hearing both sides, the court allows the class action only if it is satisfied that the claim is pleaded as section 222\/10 requires, that the class is defined clearly enough to know who is in it, that the class is so large that ordinary proceedings would be difficult and inconvenient, that a class action would be fairer and more efficient than ordinary proceedings, and that the plaintiff is qualified and has a sufficient interest to conduct it for the class (section 222\/12). Once permission is final, the plaintiff must deposit the costs of running the class action within seven days of the court&#8217;s order; if the plaintiff ignores the order without telling the court why, the case continues as an ordinary one (section 222\/14).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proceeding as a class action in Thailand presents several challenges, primarily centered around meeting the stringent class certification requirements. Additionally, coordinating the interests of a diverse group of class members can be complex, particularly when managing the opt-out process. The opt-out option allows individuals to pursue their claims independently if they prefer not to be bound by the court\u2019s decision in the class action. This aspect requires careful management to ensure that all members are informed and understand their rights and options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"who-can-be-a-class-member-in-a-class-action-lawsuit\">Who Can Be a Class Member in a Class Action Lawsuit?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"eligibility-criteria-for-class-members\">Eligibility Criteria for Class Members<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To be a class member in a Thai class action, individuals must meet specific eligibility criteria. They must share legal grievances or factual circumstances similar to those outlined by the representative plaintiff. The eligibility is generally determined during the class certification process, where the court assesses whether the potential class members align with the defined class parameters. This ensures that all members have a legitimate claim and can benefit from the collective legal proceedings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before the court allows a class action to proceed, it must decide if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The group (class) is too large for individual cases<\/li>\n\n<li>The group shares the same legal or factual issues<\/li>\n\n<li>A class action would be fairer and more efficient than separate ordinary suits<\/li>\n\n<li>The representative can fairly protect the interests of the whole class<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once approved, the court notifies the known class members and publishes notice in a widely read daily newspaper for three consecutive days, setting a deadline for anyone who wants to opt out (section 222\/15).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can read more about civil litigation in Thailand and how it works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"responsibilities-and-rights-of-a-member-of-the-class\">Responsibilities and Rights of a Member of the Class<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a member of the class, individuals assume certain responsibilities and rights. They are bound by the court\u2019s decisions unless they choose to opt-out of the class action. Class members must also provide necessary information and cooperation to the representative plaintiff and class lawyer. In return, they benefit from legal representation without the burden of individually pursuing litigation, potentially gaining from settlements or judgments reached on behalf of the class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"understanding-opt-out-options-for-class-members\">Understanding Opt-out Options for Class Members<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The opt-out option is a fundamental aspect of class action lawsuits in Thailand, offering flexibility to class members. It allows individuals to exclude themselves from the class action if they prefer to pursue their legal claims independently. This process ensures that those who do not want to be part of the collective proceedings can still seek individual justice. Opting out is done by writing to the court within the period the court has set. After that period a member can leave only with the court&#8217;s permission, and someone who has opted out cannot rejoin (section 222\/16).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-are-the-legal-proceedings-for-class-actions-under-thai-law\">What are the Legal Proceedings for Class Actions under Thai Law?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Class action legal proceedings in Thailand are governed by the Civil Procedure Code and involve several distinct phases, from filing the initial lawsuit to reaching a settlement or judgment. The process begins with the court&#8217;s permission to proceed as a class action. There is no US-style discovery: class-action officers appointed by the Office of the Judiciary assist the court, mediate, and gather and examine evidence (section 222\/5). Subsequently, the case may proceed to trial, where the merits of the claims are adjudicated. The court\u2019s decision is binding on all class members, unless they have opted out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thai courts play an instrumental role in class action litigation, ensuring that the proceedings are conducted fairly and justly. They assess whether the criteria for class certification are met and oversee the entire process to protect the interests of the class. The courts also facilitate settlements and manage the distribution of any awards or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/damages\/\">damages<\/a> to class members. Their oversight is crucial in maintaining the integrity and efficiency of the class action regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-are-common-issues-in-class-action-lawsuits-in-thailand\">What are Common Issues in Class Action Lawsuits in Thailand?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consumer protection is a primary focus of class action lawsuits in Thailand. These actions often address issues such as defective products, misleading advertising, or unfair trade practices. Class actions provide a powerful tool for consumers to collectively seek redress and hold corporations accountable, promoting fair trade competition and safeguarding consumer rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Breach of contract and tort claims are common in class action lawsuits, where individuals collectively seek compensation for damages resulting from contractual violations or negligent actions. These cases require careful coordination to address the varied interests of the class members, ensuring that all affected parties receive equitable treatment and compensation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Class actions in Thailand can significantly impact trade competition and civil cases by holding companies accountable for anti-competitive practices or civil wrongdoings. By addressing these issues collectively, class actions promote a fairer business environment and help maintain market integrity. The outcomes of these cases can lead to regulatory changes and improved business practices, benefiting both consumers and the economy as a whole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"real-class-action-cases-in-thailand\"><strong>Real Class Action Cases in Thailand<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thailand has seen a few notable class action lawsuits in recent years:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gold Mine Case (filed 2016)<\/strong>: villagers in Phichit province sued Akara Resources, the operator of the Chatree gold mine, for environmental and health damage. In March 2026 the court held the operator liable and ordered compensation, reported as Thailand&#8217;s first environmental class action to succeed.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Mitr Phol Sugar Case (filed 2018)<\/strong>: Cambodian families sued the Thai sugar company Mitr Phol over their eviction for a plantation. Class status was refused at first and granted on appeal in 2020; the parties later settled.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These cases showed how powerful collective legal action can be when handled correctly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"challenges-and-pitfalls\"><strong>Challenges and Pitfalls<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Class actions in Thailand can be hard to certify. Common issues include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Not enough evidence of shared claims<\/li>\n\n<li>Difficulty managing the group and opt-outs<\/li>\n\n<li>Delays in court<\/li>\n\n<li>Up-front costs: the plaintiff must deposit the costs of running the class action (section 222\/14)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Still, with strong preparation and a clear legal plan, class actions can be a powerful way to demand justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1749013295899\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Can foreigners join or lead a class action in Thailand?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes. A plaintiff with no domicile or place of business and no seizable assets in Thailand can, on the defendant&#8217;s application, be ordered to deposit security for costs (CPC section 253).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1749013307541\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Can a class action be stopped before the end?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes. The court can cancel the class action if it no longer protects the class adequately or is no longer needed, and the case then continues as an ordinary case (section 222\/19). A settlement needs the court&#8217;s permission, and members first get at least 45 days to object or opt out (section 222\/29).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1749013309017\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>What happens if I do nothing?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>If you don\u2019t opt out, you are part of the class automatically. You\u2019ll be bound by the court\u2019s decision and may receive compensation.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1749013343581\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>How long does it take?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Expect 18 to 36 months, depending on how complex the case is and whether it goes to trial or settles early.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"need-help-with-a-class-action-in-thailand\"><strong>Need Help With a Class Action in Thailand?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whether you\u2019re facing corporate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/fraud\/\">fraud<\/a>, consumer harm, or environmental injustice, a class action might be your best solution. But it\u2019s a detailed and technical process that\u2019s hard to navigate alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At ThaiLawOnline, we\u2019ve handled complex litigation and represented clients in cases involving large groups and sensitive legal issues. Our bilingual team can help you decide if a class action is right for your situation, and guide you through every step, from evidence gathering to court representation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you think you may have a class action, or want to join one, we\u2019d be happy to help.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"contact-thai-law-online-today\"><strong>Contact ThaiLawOnline Today<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Email us at <strong><a href=\"mailto:info@thailawonline.com\">info@thailawonline.com<\/a><\/strong> or call <strong>+66 87 225 1340<\/strong> for a quick consultation.<br\/>You can also message us on <strong>Line<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/civil-liability-in-thailand\/\">Civil Liability in Thailand<\/a><\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Class_action\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">What is a class action by Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last reviewed: 26 September 2026. Sections 222\/1, 222\/3, 222\/5, 222\/8, 222\/9, 222\/10, 222\/12, 222\/14, 222\/15, 222\/16, 222\/17 and 222\/37 of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":634,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","tlo_reviewed_on":"","tlo_reviewed_by":"","tlo_edited_by":"","tlo_changelog":"[{\"date\":\"2026-11-04\",\"note\":\"Added the statute box with Thai, English and French text and checked the page against the official text\"}]","tlo_authority_on":"1","tlo_box_sections":"","tlo_box_cases":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"civil procedure code","rank_math_title":"Class Action in Thailand: A Complete Guide %sep% %sitename%","rank_math_description":"Class actions in Thailand since 2015: how a class is certified, who may join, the opt-out mechanism, the court procedure, and cases brought so far.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Class Action in Thailand","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"class_list":["post-250","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=250"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12108,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/250\/revisions\/12108"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/634"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}