{"id":6501,"date":"2026-09-05T19:03:08","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T12:03:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/sor-kor-1\/"},"modified":"2026-09-05T19:26:28","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T12:26:28","slug":"sor-kor-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/sor-kor-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Sor Kor 1 (S.K.1): Land Possession Claim Certificate"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Sor Kor 1<\/strong> (\u0e2a.\u0e04.1, also written <em>Sor Kor Neung<\/em>, <em>S.K.1<\/em> ou <em>SK1<\/em>) is a notification of possession of land, a form on which occupiers declared to the district office in 1955 that they were in possession of a plot when the Land Code came into force. It is not a title deed and confers no ownership or registered right; it is a historical claim that the State agreed to look into. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/land-office\/\">Bureau foncier<\/a> cannot register a sale, lease, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/mortgage\/\">hypoth\u00e8que<\/a> or usufruct on Sor Kor 1 land, and since 2010 the only route from a Sor Kor 1 to a real title runs through a court.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table des mati\u00e8res<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#what-the-sor-kor-1-form-actually-records\">What the Sor Kor 1 form actually records<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#why-a-foreigner-should-walk-away\">Why a foreigner should walk away<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#sor-kor-1-among-the-thai-land-documents\">Sor Kor 1 among the Thai land documents<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-the-sor-kor-1-form-actually-records\">What the Sor Kor 1 form actually records<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>When the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/land-code\/\">Land Code B.E. 2497<\/a> took effect, the Act promulgating it required anyone in possession of land without a title document to notify that possession to the district officer within 180 days. The form used was the Sor Kor 1. It records the claimant&#8217;s name, the approximate location, the neighbours and an estimated area, without a survey or map; boundaries are typically described by reference to a canal, a road or a neighbour&#8217;s field. The Department of Lands stopped accepting new notifications in 1972.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>The holder has a claim, not a right.<\/strong> A Sor Kor 1 is evidence that someone once occupied the land and told the State so. Whatever right exists is the bare possession protected by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/thai-civil-and-commercial-code\/\">Code civil et commercial<\/a>, which is transferred by handing over the land (Section 1378) and lost within a year if someone else takes it (Section 1375). The document itself carries no Garuda emblem and appears in no Land Office register of dealings.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"why-a-foreigner-should-walk-away\">Why a foreigner should walk away<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Sor Kor 1 plots turn up in beach and hillside locations at prices that look like bargains, sold with the promise that the title will be upgraded later. A 2008 amendment to the Land Code gave holders two years, until early 2010, to apply for a Nor Sor 3 Gor or chanote on the strength of the notification; that window has closed. A holder now has to petition the court for a judgment confirming the possession, with witnesses and old records, and only then can the Land Office issue a title. Many petitions fail because the land is inside a forest reserve or other State land, which is why it was never titled in the first place.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Nothing can be registered.<\/strong> A foreigner cannot take a lease, usufruct or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/superficies-right\/\">superficie<\/a> over Sor Kor 1 land because there is no title to write it on, so any contract is a private paper against the seller only. Sales are done by handing over the form and the land, a transaction with no legal protection at all, and the same plot can be sold to several buyers. Fraudsters present a Sor Kor 1 as if it were a deed to buyers who cannot read Thai. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/due-diligence-in-thailand\/\">V\u00e9rifications n\u00e9cessaires<\/a> on any provincial plot starts by identifying which document the seller actually holds.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sor-kor-1-among-the-thai-land-documents\">Sor Kor 1 among the Thai land documents<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Document<\/th><th>Nature<\/th><th>Registrable at the Land Office<\/th><th>Route to a chanote<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Chanote<\/td><td>Possession<\/td><td>Oui<\/td><td>Not needed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ni Sor 3 Gor<\/td><td>Possession, aerial survey<\/td><td>Oui<\/td><td>Application and ground survey<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ni Sor 3<\/td><td>Possession, unsurveyed<\/td><td>Yes, after 30-day notice<\/td><td>Application and survey<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sor Kor 1<\/td><td>Notification of possession (1955)<\/td><td>Non<\/td><td>Court judgment, then Land Office<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Por Bor Tor 5<\/td><td>Local tax receipt<\/td><td>Non<\/td><td>G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement aucun<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Sor Kor 1 is often mentioned in the same breath as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/por-bor-tor-5\/\">Por Bor Tor 5<\/a>, and both are dead ends for a buyer, but they are different things. The Sor Kor 1 is at least a Land Department document with some standing as evidence of long possession, and a Thai holder with a strong history can sometimes convert it through the court. The Por Bor Tor 5 merely shows that someone paid local land tax. Neither gives a foreigner anything to register, and a plot offered on either should be priced at zero until a chanote or Nor Sor 3 Gor exists.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Can a foreigner buy or lease Sor Kor 1 land in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>No. A foreigner cannot own land in any case, and on Sor Kor 1 land there is no title on which a lease, usufruct or superficies can be registered, so a contract gives the foreigner nothing enforceable against the land. Money paid for such a plot is at the mercy of the seller.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Can a Sor Kor 1 be upgraded to a chanote?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Only through the court. The administrative window for converting Sor Kor 1 notifications closed in early 2010. The holder must now obtain a judgment confirming the possession, after which the Land Office can survey the plot and issue a title, provided the land is not State or forest land.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">What is the difference between Sor Kor 1 and Nor Sor 3?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>A Nor Sor 3 is a certificate issued by the Department of Lands confirming a right of possession; it can be sold, mortgaged and encumbered at the Land Office after a 30-day notice. A Sor Kor 1 is only a 1955 notification that someone claimed to possess the land, and nothing can be registered on it.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Voir aussi\u00a0: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/por-bor-tor-5\/\">Por Bor Tor 5<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/ns3\/\">Ni Sor 3<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/nor-sor-3-gor\/\">Ni Sor 3 Gor<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/chanote\/\">chanote<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/title-deeds-in-thailand\/\">titres de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 en Tha\u00eflande<\/a> ET <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/risks-of-buying-property-in-thailand\/\">Risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#039;achat d&#039;un bien immobilier en Tha\u00eflande<\/a>.<\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sor Kor 1 (\u0e2a.\u0e04.1, also written Sor Kor Neung, S.K.1 or SK1) is a notification of possession of land, a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":214,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"sor kor 1","rank_math_title":"Sor Kor 1 (S.K.1): Land Claim, Not a Title | ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Sor Kor 1 (S.K.1) is a 1950s notification of land possession in Thailand, not a title deed. It cannot be sold or registered; upgrading needs a court order.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":""},"class_list":["post-6501","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6501"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6501\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6763,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6501\/revisions\/6763"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}