{"id":6579,"date":"2026-09-05T19:08:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T12:08:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/supreme-court-dika\/"},"modified":"2026-10-12T19:37:14","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T12:37:14","slug":"supreme-court-dika","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/supreme-court-dika\/","title":{"rendered":"Cour supr\u00eame de Tha\u00eflande (San Dika) et d\u00e9cisions Dika"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le <strong>Cour supr\u00eame de Tha\u00eflande<\/strong> (<span lang=\"th\" translate=\"no\" data-no-translation>\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32<\/span>, <em>San Dika<\/em>, \u00e9galement <em>Tribunal Dika<\/em> ou <em>Cour supr\u00eame de justice<\/em>) est la plus haute juridiction des Tribunaux de Justice, le syst\u00e8me judiciaire ordinaire qui conna\u00eet les affaires civiles et p\u00e9nales. Ses d\u00e9cisions, appel\u00e9es <em>arr\u00eats Dika<\/em>, Ces dispositions, mentionn\u00e9es par un num\u00e9ro de s\u00e9rie et l\u2019ann\u00e9e bouddhiste, constituent la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence la plus proche que la l\u00e9gislation tha\u00eflandaise ait \u00e0 une jurisprudence. Un \u00e9tranger se pr\u00e9sente devant le tribunal \u00e0 la fin d\u2019un long litige, ou plus souvent \u00e0 travers les d\u00e9cisions que les avocats citent pour pr\u00e9dire comment un bail, un testament ou une disposition immobili\u00e8re sera trait\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">French reference name: <span lang=\"fr\" translate=\"no\" data-no-translation>Cour supr\u00eame de Tha\u00eflande<\/span>. When researching a judgment, record its decision number and Buddhist year, then read the facts, the issue decided and the outcome together. A matching section number or a short quotation is not enough to establish whether the decision supports your case. Start with our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/supreme-court-decisions\/\">Thai and English Supreme Court decisions library<\/a> and check the cited Thai judgment before relying on an English summary.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table des mati\u00e8res<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#position-in-the-court-hierarchy\">Position dans la hi\u00e9rarchie judiciaire<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#getting-a-case-to-the-supreme-court\">Porter une affaire devant la Cour supr\u00eame<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#dika-decisions-citation-and-weight\">D\u00e9cisions Dika : citation et pond\u00e9ration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"position-in-the-court-hierarchy\">Position dans la hi\u00e9rarchie judiciaire<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Trois \u00e9tages.<\/strong> Les proc\u00e8s commencent dans la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/court-of-first-instance\/\">tribunaux de premi\u00e8re instance<\/a> (tribunaux civils, p\u00e9naux, provinciaux et kwaeng, ainsi que tribunaux sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s en mati\u00e8re de travail, d\u2019imp\u00f4ts, de, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/bankruptcy\/\">faillite<\/a>, Dans les affaires relatives \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle et aux questions familiales), il peut faire appel devant <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/court-of-appeal\/\">Cour d&#039;appel<\/a> ou un tribunal d\u2019appel sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9, et se terminant devant la Cour supr\u00eame de Bangkok. La Cour se compose de groupes de trois juges au minimum et comprend des divisions sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es correspondant aux juridictions sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es, ainsi que la Division p\u00e9nale pour les personnes exer\u00e7ant des fonctions politiques.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>La Cour supr\u00eame est s\u00e9par\u00e9e de la Cour constitutionnelle, qui statue sur la constitutionnalit\u00e9 des lois, et de la Cour administrative supr\u00eame, qui statue sur les litiges opposant des organes de l\u2019\u00c9tat. Un \u00e9tranger contestant une d\u00e9cision d\u2019immigration ou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/land-office\/\">Bureau foncier<\/a> La d\u00e9cision est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement rendue par les tribunaux administratifs ; celui qui conteste un promoteur immobilier ou d\u00e9fend une accusation p\u00e9nale est devant les tribunaux de justice.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"getting-a-case-to-the-supreme-court\">Porter une affaire devant la Cour supr\u00eame<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>L'acc\u00e8s est restreint.<\/strong> Since the 2015 amendment of the Civil Procedure Code, a civil appeal to the Supreme Court requires the Court&#8217;s permission, granted only where the question is an important one for the Court to decide (Section 249): for example it touches the public interest or public order, the Court of Appeal&#8217;s ruling on an important point of law conflicts with another ruling or with the Supreme Court&#8217;s settled line, the point has never been decided by the Supreme Court, or a ruling is needed to develop the interpretation of the law. The petition for permission, filed with the dika itself, must be lodged at the court of first instance within one month of the reading of the Court of Appeal judgment (Section 247), together with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/court-fees\/\">frais de justice<\/a> of 2% of the amount in dispute up to 50 million baht, capped at 200,000 baht, plus 0.1% of any part above that. In criminal cases the Criminal Procedure Code bars appeals on questions of fact where the lower courts agree and the sentence is light, so most criminal dikas turn on points of law.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Le temps.<\/strong> Une affaire civile qui passe par les trois degr\u00e9s de juridiction prend couramment quatre \u00e0 six ans, raison pour laquelle un r\u00e8glement amiable ou l\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/arbitration\/\">arbitrage<\/a> est souvent pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dika-decisions-citation-and-weight\">D\u00e9cisions Dika : citation et pond\u00e9ration<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Citer.<\/strong> Une d\u00e9cision est identifi\u00e9e par un num\u00e9ro de s\u00e9rie, un trait d\u2019union et l\u2019ann\u00e9e bouddhiste (diviser par 543 pour l\u2019ann\u00e9e occidentale), souvent pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e de \u201c Dika \u201d ou \u201c D\u00e9cision de la Cour supr\u00eame \u201d. Les d\u00e9cisions sont publi\u00e9es par la Cour et collect\u00e9es par le Barreau tha\u00eflandais, et ce site est le lieu o\u00f9 vous trouverez toutes les d\u00e9cisions. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/supreme-court-decisions\/\">Biblioth\u00e8que des d\u00e9cisions de la Cour supr\u00eame<\/a> Pr\u00e9sente des jugements s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s en tha\u00eflandais et en anglais avec des annotations.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Caract\u00e9ristique<\/th><th>Tha\u00eflande<\/th><th>Pays de common law<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Force obligatoire<\/td><td>Convainquant ; les juridictions inf\u00e9rieures suivent des lignes \u00e9tablies mais ne sont pas oblig\u00e9es de les suivre<\/td><td>Un pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent contraignant<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Source du droit<\/td><td>Les codes et les statuts ; les d\u00e9cisions les interpr\u00e8tent<\/td><td>La jurisprudence est elle-m\u00eame une source<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Formulaire de citation<\/td><td>Num\u00e9ro\/ann\u00e9e bouddhiste<\/td><td>Noms des partis et rapport sur la l\u00e9gislation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>La Tha\u00eflande a un syst\u00e8me de droit civil, donc une d\u00e9cision Dika interpr\u00e8te le Code plut\u00f4t que de cr\u00e9er une loi, et un panel ult\u00e9rieur peut en d\u00e9roger. En pratique, les avocats et les juges consid\u00e8rent une ligne de d\u00e9cisions coh\u00e9rente comme \u00e9tablie, ce qui explique pourquoi une bonne opinion sur un usufruit, un bail de 30 ans ou une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/nominee\/\">pr\u00eate-nom<\/a> L\u2019accord reposera sur ce que la Cour supr\u00eame a r\u00e9ellement statu\u00e9.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Derni\u00e8re r\u00e9vision : 29 septembre 2026.<\/strong> Civil Procedure Code sections 247 and 249 and Criminal Procedure Code sections 218 to 221 were read in Thai in the current Council of State consolidation. The durations are practice estimates and were not measured in this review.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Foire aux questions<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Les d\u00e9cisions de la Cour supr\u00eame sont-elles contraignantes en Tha\u00eflande\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Pas formellement. La Tha\u00eflande rel\u00e8ve d'une tradition de droit civil et une d\u00e9cision de la Dika ne lie que les parties \u00e0 cette affaire. N\u00e9anmoins, les juridictions inf\u00e9rieures suivent de pr\u00e8s les d\u00e9cisions constantes de la Cour supr\u00eame, et la Cour s'\u00e9carte rarement de sa propre interpr\u00e9tation \u00e9tablie, de sorte que ces d\u00e9cisions sont trait\u00e9es comme une autorit\u00e9 hautement persuasive.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Combien de temps faut-il pour atteindre la Cour supr\u00eame en Tha\u00eflande ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Une affaire civile prend g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un \u00e0 deux ans en premi\u00e8re instance, un an ou plus en appel, et un \u00e0 trois ans \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame, de sorte qu'une dur\u00e9e totale de quatre \u00e0 six ans est courante. La requ\u00eate \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame doit \u00eatre d\u00e9pos\u00e9e dans le mois suivant l'arr\u00eat de la Cour d'appel, et une autorisation est n\u00e9cessaire en mati\u00e8re civile.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Que signifie Dika en droit tha\u00eflandais ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Dika (\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32) est le mot tha\u00eflandais d\u00e9signant le pourvoi en cassation et, par extension, la Cour supr\u00eame elle-m\u00eame (San Dika) ainsi que ses d\u00e9cisions. Lorsqu'un avocat fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 un Dika suivi d'un num\u00e9ro et d'une ann\u00e9e, il entend un arr\u00eat sp\u00e9cifique de la Cour supr\u00eame identifi\u00e9 par son num\u00e9ro d'ordre et l'ann\u00e9e bouddhique o\u00f9 il a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendu.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Voir aussi\u00a0: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/court-of-appeal\/\">Cour d&#039;appel<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/court-of-first-instance\/\">tribunaux de premi\u00e8re instance<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/court-fees\/\">frais de justice<\/a>, et nos guides sur les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-legal-system-explained\/\">syst\u00e8me juridique tha\u00eflandais<\/a>, le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/supreme-court-decisions\/\">Biblioth\u00e8que des d\u00e9cisions de la Cour supr\u00eame<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/most-cited-sections-thai-law\/\">Les sections des jugements de la Cour supr\u00eame sont cit\u00e9es le plus souvent<\/a>.<\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Supreme Court of Thailand (\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32, San Dika, also Dika Court or Supreme Court of Justice) is the highest court [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":214,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Supreme Court Thailand (San Dika): the final court of justice, how Dika decisions are numbered, when an appeal reaches it, and the weight its rulings 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