{"id":1719,"date":"2025-01-10T16:02:02","date_gmt":"2025-01-10T09:02:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-nominee-shareholders\/"},"modified":"2026-09-17T23:21:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T16:21:38","slug":"thai-nominee-shareholders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thai-nominee-shareholders\/","title":{"rendered":"Actionnaires pr\u00eate-noms tha\u00eflandais : r\u00e8gles, risques et solutions conformes au droit"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The landscape of business ownership in Thailand has seen a fundamental shift as of April 1, 2026. The Department of Business Development (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/dbd\/\">DBD<\/a>) has moved from a \u201cform-based\u201d (paper) compliance model to a \u201csubstance-based\u201d reality. It is no longer enough to have 51% Thai names on a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/shareholder\/\">actionnaire<\/a> list; the government now uses AI and mandatory financial verification to ensure those shareholders are genuine .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tlo-hublink wp-block-paragraph\">The lawful alternatives to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/nominee\/\">candidat<\/a> structure are set out in our guide to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/business-setup-in-thailand\/\">cr\u00e9er une entreprise en Tha\u00eflande<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img alt=\"Actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par la Tha\u00eflande\" class=\"wp-image-14741 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/thai-nominee-shareholders.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:500px;height:400px\"\/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par la Tha\u00eflande\" class=\"wp-image-14741 lazyload\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"768\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/thai-nominee-shareholders.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/thai-nominee-shareholders.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/thai-nominee-shareholders-1000x750.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/thai-nominee-shareholders-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/thai-nominee-shareholders-768x576.jpg 768w\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:500px;height:400px\" width=\"1024\"\/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table des mati\u00e8res<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#introduction-to-thai-nominee-shareholders\">Pr\u00e9sentation des actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s tha\u00eflandais<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#supreme-court-decisions-on-nominee-shareholders-and-foreign-land-ownership-in-thailand\">D\u00e9cisions de la Cour supr\u00eame concernant les actionnaires de fa\u00e7ade et la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 fonci\u00e8re \u00e9trang\u00e8re en Tha\u00eflande<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#fa-qs-on-thai-nominee-shareholders\">FAQ sur les actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par Thai Nominee<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#links\">Links:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"introduction-to-thai-nominee-shareholders\">Pr\u00e9sentation des actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s tha\u00eflandais<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En Tha\u00eflande, les actionnaires de complaisance jouent un r\u00f4le crucial en permettant aux \u00e9trangers de participer au march\u00e9 local. Un actionnaire de complaisance est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une personne ou une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tha\u00eflandaise qui d\u00e9tient des actions pour le compte d&#039;un \u00e9tranger. Ce recours vise souvent \u00e0 contourner la r\u00e9glementation relative \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re. Cette pratique a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 attirer les investissements \u00e9trangers. Toutefois, elle a \u00e9galement soulev\u00e9 des inqui\u00e9tudes quant au respect du droit tha\u00eflandais et \u00e0 l&#039;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des proc\u00e9dures d&#039;immatriculation des entreprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A nominee shareholder is a person or entity that holds shares in a company. They do this for the benefit of someone else, often a foreign investor. In Thai nominee arrangements, these shareholders are important for foreigners who want to set up a Thai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/company-limited\/\">soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e<\/a>. The legal rules about nominee shareholding are complicated. Misunderstandings can result in serious legal trouble for both the nominee and the foreigner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les structures de pr\u00eate-nom tha\u00eflandaises ont facilit\u00e9 l&#039;acc\u00e8s des investisseurs \u00e9trangers aux limites impos\u00e9es par la l\u00e9gislation tha\u00eflandaise en mati\u00e8re de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re. Ces structures leur permettent d&#039;acc\u00e9der \u00e0 certains secteurs du monde des affaires tha\u00eflandais qui leur sont habituellement inaccessibles. Les investisseurs \u00e9trangers peuvent recourir \u00e0 des pr\u00eate-noms tha\u00eflandais pour simplifier les d\u00e9marches d&#039;immatriculation des entreprises. Toutefois, ils doivent rester vigilants quant au respect de la r\u00e9glementation. Cela leur permet d&#039;\u00e9viter les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 la r\u00e9pression actuelle contre les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s utilisant des pr\u00eate-noms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La structure actionnariale d&#039;une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/register-a-company-in-thailand\/\">entreprise tha\u00eflandaise<\/a> is dictated by the requirements set forth in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/foreign-business-act\/\">Loi sur les entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res<\/a>. In many cases, businesses must have majority Thai ownership. This rule has led to the use of Thai nominee shareholders. It is important to understand how voting rights are distributed. This is especially true for those doing business in Thailand. Knowing the effects of having a partly foreign-owned company is also key. This landscape emphasizes the necessity for clarity in nominee shareholding practices to ensure legal compliance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-regulatory-landscape-in-thailand\"><strong>Le paysage r\u00e9glementaire en Tha\u00eflande<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le cadre r\u00e9glementaire r\u00e9gissant les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9crans en Tha\u00eflande est complexe et sujet \u00e0 de fr\u00e9quentes modifications. La l\u00e9gislation tha\u00eflandaise impose des exigences sp\u00e9cifiques en mati\u00e8re de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re, notamment en vertu de la loi sur les entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res. Il est essentiel pour les investisseurs \u00e9trangers souhaitant s&#039;implanter sur le march\u00e9 tha\u00eflandais de bien comprendre ces r\u00e8gles. Ils doivent \u00e9galement g\u00e9rer les difficult\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 l&#039;immatriculation de leur entreprise et \u00e0 la conformit\u00e9 r\u00e9glementaire. Les r\u00e8gles relatives \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention d&#039;actions par des pr\u00eate-noms visent \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger l&#039;\u00e9conomie locale et \u00e0 garantir que, dans certains secteurs, la majorit\u00e9 des parts restent d\u00e9tenues par des Tha\u00eflandais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main laws that affect nominee businesses in Thailand are the Foreign Business Act and parts of the Thai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/thai-civil-and-commercial-code\/\">Code civil et commercial<\/a>. These laws set the rules for foreign investors. They also explain when Thai nominee arrangements can be used legally. Foreign investors must know these laws. This helps them avoid non-compliance. Non-compliance can lead to legal action against the foreigner and the Thai nominee shareholder in the nominee structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le D\u00e9partement du d\u00e9veloppement des entreprises (DBD) joue un r\u00f4le essentiel dans la gestion de l&#039;immatriculation des entreprises. Il veille \u00e9galement au respect de la l\u00e9gislation tha\u00eflandaise et contr\u00f4le les activit\u00e9s des actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s tha\u00eflandais. Il applique par ailleurs la r\u00e9glementation relative \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re en Tha\u00eflande. Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le DBD a renforc\u00e9 sa vigilance, ce qui a conduit \u00e0 une r\u00e9pression accrue des entreprises qui abusent des structures de pr\u00eate-nom. Les investisseurs \u00e9trangers doivent collaborer \u00e9troitement avec le DBD afin de se conformer \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation et \u00e0 la r\u00e9glementation et ainsi prot\u00e9ger leurs investissements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les implications de la r\u00e9glementation relative \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re en Tha\u00eflande sont consid\u00e9rables pour les investisseurs potentiels. Ces r\u00e8gles exigent, dans certains secteurs, que la majorit\u00e9 du capital soit d\u00e9tenue par des Tha\u00eflandais. Il en r\u00e9sulte un recours fr\u00e9quent \u00e0 des pr\u00eate-noms tha\u00eflandais. Le renforcement de l&#039;application de cette l\u00e9gislation oblige les investisseurs \u00e9trangers \u00e0 examiner attentivement la structure de leur entreprise et \u00e0 prendre en compte les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#039;utilisation de pr\u00eate-noms tha\u00eflandais. Tout manquement \u00e0 ces r\u00e8gles peut compromettre non seulement l&#039;immatriculation de l&#039;entreprise, mais aussi l&#039;ensemble de la strat\u00e9gie d&#039;investissement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To eliminate nominee structures, the DBD introduced four screening mandates for new registrations involving foreign participation. Three of them remain in force unchanged; the first has since been repealed and replaced by a stricter order:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Order 2\/2568, repealed and replaced by Order 2\/2569 on 1 August 2026:<\/strong> Thai shareholders had to provide personal bank statements for the <strong>trois mois<\/strong> prior to share payment to prove they used \u201cseasoned\u201d funds from their own accounts. Clause 3 of Order 2\/2569 carries that requirement and goes further: it also requires a statement from the account that <em>re\u00e7u<\/em> le paiement, ainsi qu'une lettre d'explication sur l'investissement selon le formulaire ci-annex\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Commande 3\/2568\u00a0:<\/strong> Automated screening against the Anti-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/money-laundering\/\">Blanchiment d&#039;argent<\/a> Office (AMLO) list; high-risk individuals must appear in person for verification.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Commande 4\/2568 (La r\u00e8gle des cinq) :<\/strong> Where the registrar finds that <strong>cinq ou plus<\/strong> partnerships or companies are already registered at the same premises, the applicant must file a letter of consent from the person entitled to allow use of the head office, together with a copy of the evidence of that right to use.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Commande 5\/2568\u00a0:<\/strong> Screening of State Welfare Card holders to prevent the use of low-income \u201cmoney mules\u201d as front-men.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"understanding-the-crackdown-on-nominee-structures\">Comprendre la r\u00e9pression contre les structures de pr\u00eate-nom<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The recent crackdown on nominee structures in Thailand shows the government\u2019s commitment to enforcing laws. These laws protect local businesses and ensure that foreign ownership rules are followed. This increased attention comes from a wish to keep the economy strong and support fair competition in the Thai market. Foreign investors must understand the implications of this crackdown, as it may significantly impact their ability to operate within the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La r\u00e9pression actuelle est motiv\u00e9e par <strong>Syst\u00e8me d&#039;analyse d\u00e9cisionnelle des affaires (IBAS)<\/strong>, an AI-powered platform used by the DBD since late 2025. IBAS automatically cross-references the corporate registry with the Revenue Department and Land Department to detect \u201cfinancial implausibility.\u201d For example, if a Thai national with a modest income is listed as a majority shareholder in a company holding multi-million baht property, the system triggers an immediate investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The results are now measured in land, not press releases. On Koh Phangan the Interior Ministry identified 112 juristic persons whose foreign shareholding exceeded the legal threshold, holding 124 land plots (about 86 rai 3 ngan 42.4 square wah); 104 were newly detected, 8 already had court judgments, and the Surat Thani Governor ordered 8 entities to dispose of 9 plots. The figures were first announced on 25 August 2026 and restated by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thaigov.go.th\/th\/news\/168756\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Government Spokesman on 10 September 2026<\/a>, who added that company registrations in the DBD&#8217;s nominee-risk category fell from 894 in August 2025 to 163 in August 2026. The disposal order is the Land Code consequence for land held through a Thai front: the company must sell within the period set, or the Department of Lands sells for it. Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/thailand-nominee-company-crackdown-2026\/\">nominee crackdown 2026<\/a> article follows the enforcement timeline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plusieurs \u00e9tudes de cas illustrent les poursuites judiciaires engag\u00e9es contre des entreprises reconnues coupables d&#039;infraction \u00e0 la r\u00e9glementation relative aux pr\u00eate-noms. Des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9trang\u00e8res ayant recours \u00e0 des actionnaires tha\u00eflandais de complaisance pour obtenir des avantages indus ont \u00e9t\u00e9 sanctionn\u00e9es, notamment par des amendes et la dissolution de leur soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Ces affaires soulignent l&#039;importance du strict respect du droit tha\u00eflandais et de la bonne compr\u00e9hension des risques li\u00e9s au recours \u00e0 des pr\u00eate-noms. Les investisseurs \u00e9trangers doivent \u00eatre conscients que le non-respect de ces lois peut entra\u00eener de graves probl\u00e8mes, tels que la perte de licences d&#039;exploitation et des poursuites judiciaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La r\u00e9pression des montages de pr\u00eate-nom a des r\u00e9percussions importantes tant pour les investisseurs \u00e9trangers que pour l&#039;ensemble du monde des affaires tha\u00eflandais. Pour les investisseurs \u00e9trangers, elle implique une r\u00e9\u00e9valuation de leurs strat\u00e9gies commerciales et de leurs mesures de conformit\u00e9 afin de se conformer \u00e0 un environnement r\u00e9glementaire plus strict. Pour les entreprises tha\u00eflandaises, elle stimule la concurrence en r\u00e9duisant les avantages d\u00e9coulant de montages de pr\u00eate-nom non conformes. Cette \u00e9volution r\u00e9glementaire vise \u00e0 instaurer un environnement commercial plus clair et plus \u00e9quitable en Tha\u00eflande. Elle profitera \u00e0 tous les acteurs concern\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"best-practices-for-compliance\"><strong>Meilleures pratiques en mati\u00e8re de conformit\u00e9<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Establishing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/legitimation\/\">l\u00e9gitime<\/a> shareholding structures is essential for foreign investors aiming to navigate the complexities of business in Thailand. A good shareholding setup follows Thai law, especially the Foreign Business Act. It also reduces risks linked to nominee arrangements. Hiring a qualified legal advisor can help you understand the rules for majority Thai ownership. They can guide you in setting up a Thai limited company that meets all legal requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour \u00e9viter tout probl\u00e8me juridique li\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention d&#039;actions par des pr\u00eate-noms, les investisseurs \u00e9trangers doivent prendre plusieurs mesures proactives. Premi\u00e8rement, il est essentiel de v\u00e9rifier scrupuleusement les pr\u00eate-noms tha\u00eflandais potentiels afin de s&#039;assurer de leur l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 et de leur conformit\u00e9 au droit tha\u00eflandais. Ensuite, un accord formel doit \u00eatre \u00e9tabli. Cet accord d\u00e9finira les droits et obligations de chaque partie dans le cadre de ce montage. Enfin, une communication r\u00e9guli\u00e8re avec le D\u00e9partement du d\u00e9veloppement des entreprises permet de r\u00e9duire les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#039;utilisation abusive de ces structures. Ceci contribue \u00e0 garantir le respect des r\u00e8gles d&#039;immatriculation des entreprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Utilizing Thai shareholders effectively involves understanding their role within the shareholding structure of a Thai company. Foreign investors should work with Thai nationals. They should be compliant and have good knowledge of the local market. This partnership can enhance the foreign business\u2019s operational capabilities while ensuring compliance with foreign ownership regulations. Building a real partnership with Thai shareholders can strengthen business ties. This can improve the chances of long-term success in the competitive Thai market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recent trends in Thai nominee policies reflect a tightening of regulations aimed at enhancing compliance and protecting local businesses. The government\u2019s action against non-compliant nominee structures shows a shift towards stricter enforcement of the Foreign Business Act. Foreign investors need to stay updated on changing policies. This helps them manage shareholding complexities. It also helps avoid legal issues. Staying informed ensures their business operations are legal and successful in Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les investisseurs \u00e9trangers souhaitant s&#039;implanter sur le march\u00e9 tha\u00eflandais doivent bien comprendre la l\u00e9gislation relative \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention d&#039;actions par des pr\u00eate-noms. Il est fortement conseill\u00e9 de se faire accompagner par un avocat sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 en droit tha\u00eflandais. Ce dernier pourra vous assister dans les d\u00e9marches d&#039;immatriculation de votre entreprise et de mise en conformit\u00e9. Par ailleurs, nouer des relations de confiance avec des actionnaires tha\u00eflandais peut vous apporter des informations pr\u00e9cieuses et contribuer \u00e0 la r\u00e9ussite globale de vos projets d&#039;investissement en Tha\u00eflande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour s&#039;implanter sur le march\u00e9 tha\u00eflandais, il est essentiel d&#039;adopter une approche strat\u00e9gique ax\u00e9e sur le respect des lois et r\u00e9glementations locales relatives \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention d&#039;actions par des pr\u00eate-noms. Les investisseurs \u00e9trangers doivent rester vigilants et flexibles, et s&#039;adapter \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation tha\u00eflandaise afin de garantir la conformit\u00e9 de leurs pratiques commerciales aux normes juridiques du pays. En comprenant les structures d&#039;actionnariat appropri\u00e9es et en collaborant efficacement avec les ressortissants tha\u00eflandais, les investisseurs \u00e9trangers peuvent r\u00e9duire les risques et saisir les opportunit\u00e9s de croissance en Tha\u00eflande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Update (in force 1 August 2026):<\/strong> Le <strong>Ordre du Registraire des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s et du partenariat central n\u00b0 2\/2569<\/strong> now governs. Clause 1 of that order expressly repealed both <strong>Commande 1\/2569<\/strong> ET <strong>Order 2\/2568<\/strong> with effect from <strong>1er ao\u00fbt 2026<\/strong>. Under clause 4, a company whose authorized <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/director\/\">r\u00e9alisateurs<\/a> are all Thai, and which then registers a foreigner as an authorized or co-signing director, must file an <strong>Lettre de confirmation d&#039;investissement<\/strong> on the form annexed to the order. That closes the previous \u201cloophole\u201d where companies were incorporated as 100% Thai and then amended later to avoid scrutiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il s'applique aux nouvelles immatriculations et aux d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de modifications dans deux situations : lorsqu'un actionnaire ou associ\u00e9 \u00e9tranger d\u00e9tient <strong>moins de 50%<\/strong> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/glossary\/registered-capital\/\">capital social<\/a>, and where there is <strong>aucun actionnaire \u00e9tranger<\/strong> mais un administrateur \u00e9tranger d\u00e9tient la signature sociale seule ou conjointe. Ce second volet vise les entreprises que leurs propri\u00e9taires croient totalement exclues des r\u00e8gles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trois documents sont requis pour chaque actionnaire ou associ\u00e9 tha\u00eflandais ayant lib\u00e9r\u00e9 du capital :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Relev\u00e9s bancaires couvrant la <strong>les trois mois pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant la souscription<\/strong>, affichant les retraits qui correspondent \u00e0 la cotisation.<\/li>\n\n<li>D\u00e9clarations de <strong>compte b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire<\/strong>, montrant l'argent provenant de chaque actionnaire. C'est ce qui comble la lacune des fonds recycl\u00e9s.<\/li>\n\n<li>Le prescrit <strong>Lettre d'explication d'investissement<\/strong>, tra\u00e7ant le flux des fonds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019ordonnance n\u00b0 2\/2569 prescrit des documents et des justificatifs de paiement. Elle n\u2019impose pas elle-m\u00eame le rejet imm\u00e9diat de toute discordance sans possibilit\u00e9 de r\u00e9gularisation. Rapprochez les pi\u00e8ces avant le d\u00e9p\u00f4t et r\u00e9pondez aux demandes du registraire. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbd.go.th\/storage\/law\/e402a35e-d320-406c-9347-25bc89b5b741.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lire l\u2019ordonnance et les formulaires prescrits<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"supreme-court-decisions-on-nominee-shareholders-and-foreign-land-ownership-in-thailand\">D\u00e9cisions de la Cour supr\u00eame concernant les actionnaires de fa\u00e7ade et la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 fonci\u00e8re \u00e9trang\u00e8re en Tha\u00eflande<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At ThaiLawOnline, we regularly advise clients about the legal risks of using nominee shareholders in Thailand. The Supreme Court of Thailand has ruled consistently and decisively on this issue: structures designed to conceal foreign ownership of land through Thai \u201cnominees\u201d are illegal and unenforceable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En vertu de la loi tha\u00eflandaise, il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement interdit aux \u00e9trangers de poss\u00e9der des terres (article 86 du Code foncier). Certains tentent de contourner cette interdiction en cr\u00e9ant une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tha\u00eflandaise. Ils font en sorte qu&#039;elle paraisse majoritairement d\u00e9tenue par des Tha\u00eflandais. Des ressortissants tha\u00eflandais d\u00e9tiennent 511 000 000 actions ou plus. Si les actionnaires tha\u00eflandais agissent en tant que pr\u00eate-noms, ils d\u00e9tiennent des actions pour le compte d&#039;un \u00e9tranger. Ce dernier fournit les fonds et contr\u00f4le la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Dans ce cas, la v\u00e9ritable propri\u00e9t\u00e9 appartient \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e9tranger, ce qui constitue une infraction \u00e0 la loi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-court-focuses-on-substance-over-form\">La Cour privil\u00e9gie le fond \u00e0 la forme.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Cour supr\u00eame tha\u00eflandaise ne se limite pas aux formalit\u00e9s administratives, mais s&#x27;int\u00e9resse \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 des faits. Lorsque les fonds et le contr\u00f4le proviennent d&#x27;un \u00e9tranger, le fait qu&#x27;un nom tha\u00eflandais figure sur le registre des actions ou sur un titre de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 ne change rien \u00e0 l&#x27;analyse. Il convient de mentionner ces dispositions s\u00e9par\u00e9ment, car elles ont des fonctions diff\u00e9rentes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Article 86 du Code foncier<\/strong> is the prohibition. A foreigner may acquire land only under a treaty allowing it, or, subject to section 84, for residence or defined commercial, industrial, agricultural, burial, charitable or religious purposes on the conditions set by ministerial regulation and with the Minister\u2019s permission.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Article 96 du Code foncier<\/strong> Il s&#x27;agit de la disposition relative au mandataire, et celle-ci est tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cise : lorsqu&#x27;une personne acquiert un terrain <em>en tant que propri\u00e9taire pour le compte d'un \u00e9tranger<\/em>, le directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du D\u00e9partement des terres a le pouvoir d'ali\u00e9ner ce terrain.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Article 94 du Code foncier<\/strong> pr\u00e9cise le d\u00e9lai auquel se r\u00e9f\u00e8re l&#x27;article 96. Les terrains acquis ill\u00e9galement ou sans autorisation doivent \u00eatre c\u00e9d\u00e9s dans un d\u00e9lai fix\u00e9 par le directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, <strong>pas moins de 180 jours et pas plus d'un an<\/strong>, et si tel n'est pas le cas, le Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral peut en disposer.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Article 150 du Code civil et commercial<\/strong> annule tout acte juridique dont l'objet est express\u00e9ment prohib\u00e9 par la loi, ou est impossible, ou est contraire \u00e0 l'ordre public ou aux bonnes m\u0153urs. C'est ce qui rend le contrat sous-jacent \u00e0 la structure nul, et pas seulement inex\u00e9cutable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Supreme Court Decision No. 2690\/2538 the land was registered in a Thai national\u2019s name but funded by a foreigner, and the Court held that acquisition void under section 86 of the Land Code. The important part is what the Court did <strong>pas<\/strong> maintenir. L'article 94 oblige un \u00e9tranger qui a acquis un terrain ill\u00e9galement \u00e0 s'en dessaisir dans un d\u00e9lai fix\u00e9 par le Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du D\u00e9partement des terres, qui ne peut \u00eatre inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 180 jours ni sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 un an, \u00e0 d\u00e9faut de quoi le Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral peut le vendre. Parce que ce m\u00e9canisme existe, la Cour a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 express\u00e9ment que l'acquisition <strong>n'\u00e9tait pas totalement nul et produisait toujours des effets juridiques<\/strong>. L&#x27;\u00e9tranger a effectivement perdu le terrain, mais pour une raison plus sp\u00e9cifique qu&#x27;une r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale concernant les \u00e9trangers : un tiers avait acquis le bien par cession enregistr\u00e9e, de bonne foi et \u00e0 titre on\u00e9reux, et en vertu de l\u2019article 806 du Code civil et commercial, un mandant qui laisse son mandataire appara\u00eetre aux yeux du monde comme le propri\u00e9taire ne peut pas faire valoir ses droits contre ceux acquis par ce tiers avant qu\u2019il n\u2019ait eu connaissance du mandat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L'application de la loi en premi\u00e8re instance a suivi la m\u00eame voie, avec des poursuites signal\u00e9es \u00e0 Phuket en 2024 au cours desquelles des propri\u00e9taires \u00e9trangers et leurs pr\u00eate-noms tha\u00eflandais ont \u00e9copes d'amendes et de peines de prison avec sursis pour d\u00e9tention de terres par pr\u00eate-nom. Consid\u00e9rez ces rapports comme des preuves de l'application de la loi plut\u00f4t que comme des autorit\u00e9s : les jugements des tribunaux provinciaux et criminels ne sont publi\u00e9s dans aucune s\u00e9rie citable, de sorte qu'un num\u00e9ro de dossier rouge circulant en ligne ne peut \u00eatre v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 par rapport \u00e0 quoi que ce soit, et rien sur cette page ne repose sur un tel num\u00e9ro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce qui est passible de citation, c'est la sanction. <strong>Article 36 de la loi sur les entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res de B.E. 2542 (1999)<\/strong> concerne les deux parties \u00e0 l&#x27;accord : d&#x27;une part, le ressortissant tha\u00eflandais ou la personne morale non \u00e9trang\u00e8re qui d\u00e9tient des parts pour le compte d&#x27;un \u00e9tranger afin que celui-ci puisse exercer une activit\u00e9 soumise \u00e0 des restrictions en vertu de la loi ; d&#x27;autre part, l&#x27;\u00e9tranger qui y consent. Cette infraction est passible d\u2019une peine d\u2019emprisonnement pouvant aller jusqu\u2019\u00e0 trois ans, ou d\u2019une amende comprise entre 100 000 et 1 000 000 de bahts, ou des deux. Le tribunal doit \u00e9galement ordonner la cessation de la participation, du partenariat ou de l\u2019assistance, et en cas de non-respect de cette ordonnance, l\u2019amende s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 10 000 \u00e0 50 000 bahts pour chaque jour o\u00f9 l\u2019infraction se poursuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"legal-consequences-of-nominee-use-in-thailand\">Cons\u00e9quences juridiques du recours \u00e0 des pr\u00eate-noms en Tha\u00eflande<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Accords nuls<\/strong>Tout accord de pr\u00eate-nom est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme nul et non avenu et inex\u00e9cutoire.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u00c9limination forc\u00e9e<\/strong>: Le Service du cadastre peut imposer la vente de terrains d\u00e9tenus par l&#x27;interm\u00e9diaire de structures de pr\u00eate-nom.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>accusations criminelles<\/strong>Le pr\u00eate-nom tha\u00eflandais et l'investisseur \u00e9tranger encourent tous deux des amendes et des peines d'emprisonnement.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Accusations criminelles :<\/strong> These sit on top of the Foreign Business Act penalties above, which under section 36 are imprisonment of up to three years, or a fine of 100,000 to 1,000,000 baht, or both. Signing a false Investment Explanation Letter engages two further offences, and they are not the same size. <strong>Article 137 du Code p\u00e9nal<\/strong>, giving a false statement to an official where it is likely to cause injury, carries imprisonment of up to six months, or a fine of up to 10,000 baht, or both. <strong>Article 267<\/strong>, causing an official to record a false statement in an official document intended as evidence, is the heavier one at up to three years, or a fine of up to 60,000 baht, or both.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dissolution de l&#039;entreprise<\/strong>Les tribunaux peuvent ordonner la dissolution des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s constitu\u00e9es au moyen de structures de pr\u00eate-noms.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Perte d&#039;investissement<\/strong>Les \u00e9trangers risquent de perdre la totalit\u00e9 de leur investissement dans le bien immobilier.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"thai-law-online-legal-strategies-that-work\">ThaiLawOnline\u00a0: Des strat\u00e9gies juridiques qui fonctionnent<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chez ThaiLawOnline, aucun de nos clients n&#039;a jamais vu une transaction fonci\u00e8re ou une structure d&#039;entreprise annul\u00e9e pour avoir eu recours \u00e0 des actionnaires de complaisance. En effet, nous n&#039;y avons pas recours. Nous informons nos clients et b\u00e2tissons leurs structures sur des bases juridiques solides. Nous aidons les \u00e9trangers \u00e0 investir l\u00e9galement et en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en Tha\u00eflande. Cela inclut les contrats de location, les droits de superficie, les usufruits et l&#039;acquisition de parts de copropri\u00e9t\u00e9 dans le cadre du quota r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux \u00e9trangers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our team keeps up with the latest Supreme Court decisions and changing legal interpretations. If you\u2019re thinking about acquiring property in Thailand, speak with us first. We\u2019ll help you avoid costly mistakes and stay compliant with Thai law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fa-qs-on-thai-nominee-shareholders\"><strong>FAQ sur les actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par Thai Nominee<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061226405\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u00c0 quoi servent les actionnaires tha\u00eflandais d\u00e9sign\u00e9s dans une entreprise ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Le recours \u00e0 des actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s tha\u00eflandais consiste \u00e0 nommer des ressortissants tha\u00eflandais pour d\u00e9tenir des actions au nom d&#039;\u00e9trangers afin de contourner les restrictions impos\u00e9es \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re en Tha\u00eflande. Cette pratique est courante dans les secteurs o\u00f9 la participation \u00e9trang\u00e8re est limit\u00e9e par la loi sur les entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061244739\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Comment le minist\u00e8re du D\u00e9veloppement des entreprises d\u00e9finit-il un \u00e9tranger dans le contexte de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 d&#039;une entreprise\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>The definition is in section 4 of the Foreign Business Act, and it has three limbs, not one: a natural person without Thai nationality; a juristic person not registered in Thailand; and, decisively for this subject, a juristic person that IS registered in Thailand but has half or more of its capital shares held by, or half or more of its capital invested by, persons in either of the first two limbs. It is that third limb that makes a Thai-registered company count as a foreigner, and it is the reason nominee shareholding is attempted at all.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061245753\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Qu&#039;est-ce qu&#039;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de pr\u00eate-nom\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de pr\u00eate-nom est une entreprise qui utilise des actionnaires tha\u00eflandais de fa\u00e7ade. Ces actionnaires repr\u00e9sentent des investisseurs \u00e9trangers. Ce montage permet aux investisseurs \u00e9trangers de contourner les restrictions l\u00e9gales en mati\u00e8re de participation au capital dans certains secteurs.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061246874\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quelles sont les implications juridiques pour les actionnaires d&#039;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tha\u00eflandaise impliqu\u00e9s dans un accord de pr\u00eate-nom\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Les actionnaires ayant recours \u00e0 des pr\u00eate-noms peuvent s&#039;exposer \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes juridiques et \u00e0 des sanctions. Ces montages visent souvent \u00e0 contourner la l\u00e9gislation tha\u00eflandaise relative aux restrictions sur la participation \u00e9trang\u00e8re. Les autorit\u00e9s tha\u00eflandaises ont intensifi\u00e9 leurs efforts pour lutter contre ces pratiques.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061294310\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Qu\u2019est-ce qui caract\u00e9rise une entreprise d\u00e9tenue majoritairement par des Tha\u00eflandais\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Une entreprise \u00e0 participation majoritaire tha\u00eflandaise est une entreprise dont plus de 501 000 milliards de dollars d&#039;actions sont d\u00e9tenues par des ressortissants tha\u00eflandais. Cette structure est importante car elle d\u00e9termine le niveau de participation \u00e9trang\u00e8re autoris\u00e9 dans certains secteurs d&#039;activit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061295299\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tha\u00eflandaise \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e d\u00e9tenue en partie par des \u00e9trangers peut-elle l\u00e9galement recourir \u00e0 des actionnaires de fa\u00e7ade\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>No. While a company can be partly foreign-owned, using Thai nationals to \u201chold\u201d shares for a foreigner is a criminal offense. As of 2026, the DBD requires a <strong>relev\u00e9 bancaire des 3 derniers mois<\/strong> Un historique permettant aux actionnaires tha\u00eflandais de prouver que l&#039;investissement provenait de leurs propres \u00e9conomies et non d&#039;un pr\u00eat temporaire consenti par un \u00e9tranger.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061338467\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quelles sont les restrictions de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 applicables \u00e0 une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tha\u00eflandaise \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e d\u00e9tenue par des \u00e9trangers en vertu de la loi sur les entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>The Foreign Business Act does not require Thai nationals to hold any particular percentage. What it does is define a company as a foreigner when foreigners hold half or more of its shares, and then restrict the businesses in its three annexed lists to foreigners who hold a licence, a Foreign Business Certificate or a Board of Investment promotion. Keeping Thai holdings above half is simply how a company stays outside that definition; it is a consequence of section 4, not a rule imposed by the Act, and a company may be wholly foreign owned if it does not carry on a listed business or if it is properly licensed.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061339461\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quel est l&#039;impact du Code foncier sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re en Tha\u00eflande\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>L'article 86 du Code foncier interdit \u00e0 un \u00e9tranger d'acqu\u00e9rir des terres, sauf en vertu d'un trait\u00e9 ou par les voies l\u00e9gales limit\u00e9es qu'il autorise. Il ne permet pas, et n'exige certainement pas, le recours \u00e0 un pr\u00eate-nom tha\u00eflandais. D\u00e9tenir des terres au nom d'un Tha\u00eflandais pour contourner l'article 86 est le montage que les tribunaux annulent, et l'article 96 conf\u00e8re alors au Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du D\u00e9partement des terres le pouvoir de disposer des terres acquises par une personne en tant que propri\u00e9taire pour le compte d'un \u00e9tranger, selon le calendrier de l'article 94 fixant un d\u00e9lai de 180 jours au moins et d'un an au plus.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061367412\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Quel r\u00f4le joue le Conseil des investissements dans le recours \u00e0 des actionnaires tha\u00eflandais d\u00e9sign\u00e9s ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Le Conseil des investissements (BOI) est le seul organisme qui offre la voie l\u00e9gale 100% permettant aux \u00e9trangers de poss\u00e9der et de contr\u00f4ler des entreprises dans des secteurs r\u00e9glement\u00e9s sans avoir besoin d&#039;un partenaire tha\u00eflandais. Les entreprises promues par le BOI sont exempt\u00e9es de nombreuses restrictions de la loi sur les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s par actions (FBA) et ne sont pas soumises aux mesures de contr\u00f4le anti-pr\u00eat-nom appliqu\u00e9es aux structures classiques \u00e0 majorit\u00e9 tha\u00eflandaise.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1740061394800\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Pourquoi le probl\u00e8me des candidats d\u00e9sign\u00e9s pr\u00e9occupe-t-il le gouvernement tha\u00eflandais\u00a0?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Le recours aux pr\u00eate-noms est pr\u00e9occupant. Il fragilise la l\u00e9gislation tha\u00eflandaise sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 et peut permettre \u00e0 des int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9trangers de prendre le contr\u00f4le de secteurs cl\u00e9s. Le gouvernement s&#039;efforce de garantir le respect des restrictions en mati\u00e8re de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 afin de prot\u00e9ger l&#039;\u00e9conomie.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"links\">Links:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbd.go.th\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DBD<\/a><\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/regulatory-reform-for-companies-in-thailand\/\">The 2026 DBD regulatory reforms explained<\/a>, the January, April and August 2026 orders in sequence, including the April in-person rule that was repealed on 1 August 2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Last reviewed: 8 September 2026. Section 4 and section 36 of the Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542 were read in Thai from the primary text, including the definition of a foreigner in its three limbs and the disjunctive penalty of imprisonment of up to three years or a fine of 100,000 to 1,000,000 baht or both. Sections 86, 94 and 96 of the Land Code were checked against this firm&#8217;s verified reference copy of the Code, the Land Code being published in no database we can query directly. Supreme Court Decision 2690\/2538 was read in full in Thai to its disposition, and this page&#8217;s account of it is accurate, including that the acquisition was held not to be wholly void and that the third party was protected under section 806 of the Civil and Commercial Code. The Orders of the Central Partnership and Company Registrar numbered 2\/2569, 3\/2568 and 4\/2568 were checked against the Royal Gazette published order held by this firm, including that Order 2\/2569 came into force on 1 August 2026 and repealed Orders 2\/2568 and 1\/2569. Every link on this page was confirmed to resolve. <strong>Non v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 :<\/strong> the daily fine for continuing a breach after a court order, and the reports of prosecutions in Phuket, which this page already and rightly presents as evidence of enforcement rather than as authority, because judgments of the provincial courts are not published in any citable series.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le paysage de l&#039;actionnariat en Tha\u00eflande a connu des transformations importantes, notamment en ce qui concerne le recours aux actionnaires d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par des pr\u00eate-noms tha\u00eflandais. Cet article explique la complexit\u00e9 de ces structures. Il aborde \u00e9galement la loi sur les entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res et la r\u00e9pression actuelle contre ces soci\u00e9t\u00e9s. La compr\u00e9hension de ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments est essentielle tant pour les investisseurs \u00e9trangers que pour les ressortissants tha\u00eflandais actifs dans le secteur des affaires.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":602,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"thai nominee shareholder crackdown","rank_math_title":"Thai Nominee Shareholders Guide - ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Thai nominee shareholder structures: how the DBD tests substance over form, the Supreme Court decisions, the penalties at stake, and compliant options.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Thai Nominee Shareholder Crackdown","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business-law-in-thailand","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1719","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1719"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1719\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7675,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1719\/revisions\/7675"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1719"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1719"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1719"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}