{"id":116,"date":"2025-08-24T23:05:31","date_gmt":"2025-08-24T16:05:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/corporate-criminal-liability-in-thailand\/"},"modified":"2026-09-27T22:26:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T15:26:06","slug":"corporate-criminal-liability-in-thailand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/corporate-criminal-liability-in-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c\u0e01\u0e23\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22: \u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e27\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e01\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e08\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e14\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e33\u0e18\u0e38\u0e23\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e4c\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e21\u0e49\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e04\u0e23\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c\u0e01\u0e23\u0e08\u0e30\u0e21\u0e35\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e35 \u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/shareholder\/\">\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e38\u0e49\u0e19<\/a>, \u0e21\u0e31\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e1b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/director\/\">\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17<\/a> \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32 \u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e15\u0e49\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e40\u0e1c\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e0d\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e43\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35 \u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e19\u0e32\u0e08\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#corporate-criminal-liability-in-thailand\">\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c\u0e01\u0e23\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#directors-and-personal-responsibility\">\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#shifting-the-burden-of-proof\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e20\u0e32\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e08\u0e19\u0e4c<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#practical-implications-for-expatriates\">\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e27\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32\u0e17\u0e33\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e43\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#how-to-protect-yourself\">\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e1b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e38\u0e1b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"corporate-criminal-liability-in-thailand\"><strong>\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c\u0e01\u0e23\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/juristic-person\/\">\u0e19\u0e34\u0e15\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19\u0e40\u0e14\u0e35\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/company-limited\/\">\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e08\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e14<\/a>, \u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32 \u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e14\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1d\u0e37\u0e19\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e35 \u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e23\u0e07\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19 \u0e01\u0e0e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e28\u0e38\u0e25\u0e01\u0e32\u0e01\u0e23 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/fraud\/\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e09\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e42\u0e01\u0e07<\/a> \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e38\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15 \u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e25\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e07 \u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e08\u0e36\u0e07\u0e21\u0e31\u0e01\u0e02\u0e22\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e38\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"directors-and-personal-responsibility\"><strong>\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many Thai statutes say that when a company commits an offence under them, a director, manager or other person responsible for its operations is punished as well. These provisions are in the individual statutes (the Revenue Code, the Social Security Act, the Consumer Protection Act, the Condominium Act, the Immigration Act and many others), not in the Penal Code. Since 2017 they share one test, set out in the next section.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e35<\/strong> \u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e21\u0e34\u0e14\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e23\u0e07\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19<\/strong> \u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e04\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/social-security\/\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e21<\/a> \u0e01\u0e0e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e38\u0e49\u0e21\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e27\u0e14\u0e25\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e42\u0e20\u0e04<\/strong> \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e0d\u0e48\u0e21\u0e31\u0e01\u0e21\u0e35\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0e09\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e09\u0e25\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/white-collar-crimes-in-thailand\/\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e25\u0e27\u0e07<\/a><\/strong> committed through the company can lead to charges against the individuals who carried them out, as well as the company.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"shifting-the-burden-of-proof\"><strong>\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e20\u0e32\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e08\u0e19\u0e4c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For many years Thai law used a \u201creversal of the burden of proof,\u201d under which a director was presumed guilty of the company\u2019s offence unless they could prove they were not involved. The Constitutional Court held that presumption unconstitutional, first in section 54 of the Direct Sales and Direct Marketing Act and then in several other Acts. The Act Amending Provisions of Law Relating to the Criminal Liability of Representatives of Juristic Persons B.E. 2560 (Royal Gazette vol. 134, part 18 Kor, 11 February 2017) then rewrote the provision in 76 statutes. Under the new wording a director, manager or person responsible for the company\u2019s operations is punished only if the company\u2019s offence resulted from their order or act, or if they had a duty to give an order or to act and failed to do so, and that failure caused the offence. The prosecution must prove this. Holding the title alone is no longer enough, but doing nothing is not a safe harbour either when the law gave you a duty to act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"practical-implications-for-expatriates\"><strong>\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e27\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32\u0e17\u0e33\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e43\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e27\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21\u0e31\u0e01\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e33\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/register-a-company-in-thailand\/\">\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/a>. \u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e23\u0e27\u0e21\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e18\u0e38\u0e23\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e23\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21\u0e25\u0e07\u0e17\u0e38\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e42\u0e04\u0e23\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19 \u0e2b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e19\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 \u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e16\u0e32\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e40\u0e09\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e22\u0e34\u0e48\u0e07\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e15\u0e49 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/thai-civil-and-commercial-code\/\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e13\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e22\u0e4c<\/a>. \u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e15\u0e49\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e04\u0e31\u0e0d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/civil-liability-in-thailand\/\">\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22<\/a>. If they fail in a duty to act and the company commits an offence as a result, that failure can lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/criminal-law-thailand\/\">\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32<\/a> for the director personally. A private agreement between shareholders cannot remove it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-to-protect-yourself\"><strong>\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e1b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e04\u0e38\u0e13\u0e01\u0e33\u0e25\u0e31\u0e07\u0e14\u0e33\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e33\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e25\u0e31\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e14\u0e33\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e33\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e04\u0e38\u0e13\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e21\u0e31\u0e48\u0e19\u0e43\u0e08 <strong>\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e39\u0e41\u0e25\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e35\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e23\u0e27\u0e21\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e35\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e01\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e14\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e41\u0e23\u0e07\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e21 \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e01\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e14\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32.<\/strong> \u0e1b\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e46 \u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e21 \u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e29\u0e31\u0e17\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07.<\/li>\n\n<li>Keep <strong>\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e14\u0e40\u0e08\u0e19<\/strong> of board meetings and decisions, showing who gave which instructions and how responsibility is shared.<\/li>\n\n<li>Avoid being a \u201cpaper director\u201d without involvement: the 2017 test catches a director who had a duty to act and did nothing, so signing on and staying away is not protection.<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e32 <strong>\u0e04\u0e33\u0e41\u0e19\u0e30\u0e19\u0e33\u0e14\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e35<\/strong> \u0e01\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e33\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e43\u0e14\u0e46 \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e40\u0e09\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e22\u0e34\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e23\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e18\u0e38\u0e23\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e43\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e25\u0e30\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\"><strong>\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e38\u0e1b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Corporate criminal liability in Thailand is a big issue. Directors should not think that being in a company protects them from personal risk. For expatriates, it is particularly important to understand how responsibility is assigned under Thai law. You can protect yourself from legal problems. To do this, understand your responsibilities. Put the controls in place before a problem arises. This way, you can still enjoy the benefits of doing business in Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0e25\u0e34\u0e07\u0e01\u0e4c: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbd.go.th\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e14\u0e35\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e14\u0e35 \u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Last reviewed: 27 September 2026. Read in Thai: the Act Amending Provisions of Law Relating to the Criminal Liability of Representatives of Juristic Persons B.E. 2560, including its list of 76 statutes, its explanatory note on the Constitutional Court rulings, and the replacement wording of Revenue Code sections 35 bis and 90\/5. The examples of which laws a director may face are general, not a complete list.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many expatriates in Thailand set up limited companies for business or property ownership. While the corporate structure offers advantages, such [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"corporate criminal liability in thailand","rank_math_title":"Corporate Criminal Liability in Thailand - ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Corporate criminal liability in Thailand: when directors and managers are personally exposed, the reversed burden of proof, and how to limit the risk.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Corporate Criminal Liability in Thailand","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"class_list":["post-116","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8668,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116\/revisions\/8668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0e14\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e34\u0e25\u0e22\u0e39\u0e1e\u0e35","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}