{"id":146,"date":"2025-07-22T15:32:21","date_gmt":"2025-07-22T08:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/right-of-habitation-in-thailand\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T03:48:28","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T20:48:28","slug":"right-of-habitation-in-thailand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/right-of-habitation-in-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22: \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Last reviewed: 26 September 2026. Read in Thai against the Civil and Commercial Code, sections 1299, 1402 to 1409 and the tenant duties that section 1409 applies (sections 552 and 553). The registration fee follows the Department of Lands fee schedule for a registration with no capital value. Not verified in this review: the lease column of the comparison table, and practice at individual Land Offices. Re-checked on 6 October 2026: sections 1299 and 1402 to 1405 re-read in Thai; corrected the lease inheritance cell (an ordinary lease ends on the tenant&#8217;s death, Supreme Court 3254\/2545) and two FAQ answers (registration makes the right a real right rather than valid; family members may live with the holder under section 1405); Land Office practice still not verified. Re-checked on 10 October 2026: the section on how courts treat the right claimed court rulings without naming any and was restated on sections 1299, 1402, 1404 and 1405, read in Thai.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/right-of-habitation-in-thailand\/\"> <em>right of habitation<\/em> (\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22 or <em>arsai<\/em> in Thai) <\/a>is a lesser-known but useful legal tool under the Thai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/thai-civil-and-commercial-code\/\">Civil and Commercial Code<\/a>. Often used for family arrangements, elder care, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thailand-inheritance-guide-for-foreigners\/\">Thai inheritance law<\/a>, this right allows someone to live in a building rent-free. While it\u2019s not as flexible as a lease or usufruct, it can offer unique advantages when used in the right context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img alt=\"Retired foreigner on the porch of a Thai house\" class=\"wp-image-24491 tlo-responsive-img\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/right-of-habitation-thailand.webp\" style=\"width:600px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table of Contents<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-is-the-right-of-habitation\">What is the Right of Habitation?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#legal-framework\">Legal Framework<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#core-characteristics-and-obligations\">Core Characteristics and Obligations<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#habitation-vs-usufruct-vs-lease-a-comparison\">Habitation vs. Usufruct vs. Lease: A Comparison<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#common-uses-in-thailand\">Common Uses in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#limitations-and-practical-realities\">Limitations and Practical Realities<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#how-thai-courts-interpret-habitation-rights\">How Thai Courts Interpret Habitation Rights<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#faqs-about-right-of-habitation-in-thailand\">FAQS about Right of Habitation in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-is-the-right-of-habitation-in-thailand\">Need Help with Registration or Legal Advice?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#links\">Links:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-the-right-of-habitation\"><strong>What is the Right of Habitation?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1402\/\">Section 1402<\/a> of the Thai Civil and Commercial Code defines the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/right-of-habitation\/\">right of habitation<\/a>. This right allows a person to live in a building as their home. They do not have to pay rent for this. This legal concept exists only for residential use and cannot be transferred or inherited. In simple terms, it means that the right holder, often a family member or dependent, can live in a house. This house is registered under someone else\u2019s name, and they do not have to pay rent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img alt=\"Visual comparison between habitation rights and lease agreements in Thailand, showing differences in residential and commercial property use\" class=\"wp-image-24529 tlo-responsive-img\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/right-of-habitation-vs-lease-agreement-thailand.png\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Habitation rights are different from lease agreements and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/usufruct-agreement-in-thailand\/\">usufructs<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/leasehold\/\">A lease<\/a> is a commercial agreement that always involves rent. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/usufruct\/\">A usufruct<\/a> gives broader rights over land and buildings. In contrast, habitation rights are limited in both scope and purpose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"legal-framework\"><strong>Legal Framework<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The laws governing habitation in Thailand are found in Sections 1402 through 1409 of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/documents\/CCCT%20Book%201%20full.pdf\">Civil and Commercial Code<\/a> (Book IV, Title V). These sections explain how the right is made. They also describe how long it lasts. Additionally, they outline the responsibilities of both the property owner (grantor) and the right holder (grantee).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1406\/\">Section 1406<\/a> lets the holder take the natural fruits of the land as far as the household needs them, unless the grantor has expressly forbidden it. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1407\/\">Section 1407<\/a> relieves the grantor of any duty to keep the property in repair and bars the holder from claiming the cost of improvements. The holder carries a tenant&#8217;s duties instead, applied by section 1409: to use the building only for its ordinary or agreed purpose, to look after it as a careful person looks after their own property, and to do minor repairs (sections 552 and 553).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"registration-is-key\"><strong>Registration is Key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To make the right of habitation a real right, it must be made in writing and registered (section 1299) at the local <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/title-deeds-in-thailand\/\">Land Office<\/a>. Without this step, the right has no <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/legal-health-check-for-expats\/\">legal effect<\/a> against third parties, even if both sides agree informally. The registration fee is low, typically around 50 Baht per plot, with a few additional charges.<\/p>\n\n\n<style data-noptimize=\"1\">.tlo-lb{border:2px solid #1E3455;background:#fff;margin:28px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;color:#1b1b1b}.tlo-lb h2.tlo-lb-h{background:#1E3455;color:#fff;font-size:19px;line-height:1.3;margin:0;padding:12px 16px}.tlo-lb-tabs{position:relative;padding-top:44px;background:#fff}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:absolute;top:0;width:33.334%;height:44px;line-height:44px;text-align:center;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;background:#eef0f4;color:#1E3455;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:3px solid #1E3455}.tlo-lb-tab>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(1)>summary{left:0}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(2)>summary{left:33.333%}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(3)>summary{left:66.666%}.tlo-lb-tab[open]>summary{background:#fff;border-bottom-color:#FECB01}.tlo-lb summary:focus-visible,.tlo-lb a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #FECB01;outline-offset:-3px}.tlo-lb-sec{padding:14px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-sec h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 4px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-sec h3 small{font-weight:400;color:#555;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-sec p{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-text{white-space:pre-line;border-left:3px solid #FECB01;padding-left:12px;margin:0 0 6px}.tlo-lb-note{font-size:13px;color:#555;font-style:italic}.tlo-lb-badge{display:inline-block;background:#FECB01;color:#1E3455;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;padding:1px 7px;margin-left:6px}.tlo-lb-fold{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-fold>summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px}.tlo-lb-links a{margin-right:14px;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-cases,.tlo-lb-src{padding:14px 16px;background:#f6f7f9;border-top:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-cases h3,.tlo-lb-src h3{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 6px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-cases ul,.tlo-lb-src ul{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px;font-size:14px}.tlo-al{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:#444;margin:0 0 18px}.tlo-al details{margin-top:4px}.tlo-al summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455}.tlo-al ul{margin:6px 0 0 18px;padding:0}@media print{.tlo-lb{border:1px solid #000}.tlo-lb-tabs{padding-top:0}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.4;text-align:left;background:none;border:0}.tlo-lb details::details-content{content-visibility:visible;display:block}.tlo-lb-links a{color:#000}}<\/style><script data-noptimize=\"1\" data-no-optimize=\"1\">document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){(function(){var b=document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb-tabs\");b.forEach(function(g){var t=g.querySelectorAll(\":scope>details\");t.forEach(function(d){d.firstElementChild.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){if(d.open){e.preventDefault()}})})});var s=[];addEventListener(\"beforeprint\",function(){s=[];document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb details\").forEach(function(d){s.push([d,d.open,d.getAttribute(\"name\")]);d.removeAttribute(\"name\");d.open=true})});addEventListener(\"afterprint\",function(){s.forEach(function(x){x[0].open=x[1];if(x[2]){x[0].setAttribute(\"name\",x[2])}})})})();});<\/script><section class=\"tlo-lb notranslate\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation translate=\"no\" aria-label=\"\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\"><h2 class=\"tlo-lb-h\">\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/h2><div class=\"tlo-lb-tabs\"><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"en\" data-no-translation><summary>English<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1402<\/h3><p>A person granted the right of habitation may live, free of rent, in a dwelling on another&#039;s land, for a term that may extend to the holder&#039;s lifetime.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A person who has been granted a right of habitation in a building is entitled to live in that building without paying rent.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1402\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1403<\/h3><p>A right of habitation may be granted for a fixed period or for the life of the holder. If no period is fixed, it may be brought to an end at any time on reasonable notice to the holder. If a period is fixed, it may not exceed thirty years, and a longer period is reduced to thirty years; the grant may be renewed, again for no more than thirty years from the date of renewal.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A right of habitation may be created for a fixed period or for the lifetime of the holder.\n If no period is fixed, the right may be terminated at any time, but the holder must be given reasonable notice.\n If a right of habitation is granted for a fixed period, that period may not exceed thirty years; if a longer period is fixed, it shall be reduced to thirty years. The grant of a right of habitation may be renewed, but for a period not exceeding thirty years from the date of renewal.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1403\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1404<\/h3><p>A right of habitation is strictly personal to the grantee. It cannot be sold, assigned or otherwise transferred, and it does not pass to the grantee&#039;s heirs on death. Unlike a usufructuary, who may transfer the exercise of the right under Section 1422 unless the act creating the usufruct provides otherwise, the holder of a right of habitation cannot transfer it at all.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A right of habitation is not transferable, even by inheritance.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1404\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1405<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Unless a right of habitation is expressly limited to the personal benefit of the holder, members of the holder&#039;s family and household may live there with him.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1405\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1299<\/h3><p>Subject to other provisions of this Code or other laws, an acquisition by juristic act of immovable property, or of a real right in it, is not complete unless the act is made in writing and registered by the competent official. A right acquired otherwise than by juristic act cannot be dealt with on the register until it is registered, and until then it cannot be set up against a third person who acquired for value and in good faith and registered his right in good faith.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Subject to the provisions of this Code or of other laws, an acquisition by juristic act of immovable property, or of a real right appertaining to immovable property, is not complete unless the juristic act is made in writing and the acquisition is registered with the competent official.\n Where a person acquires immovable property, or a real right appertaining to immovable property, otherwise than by juristic act, the acquirer&#039;s right, so long as it has not been registered, cannot be the subject of any change in the register, and that unregistered right may not be set up against a third person who has acquired a right for value and in good faith and has registered that right in good faith.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1299\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1409<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">The provisions of this Code concerning the duties and liabilities of the hirer set out in Sections 552 to 555, Section 558, Section 562 and Section 563 apply mutatis mutandis.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1409\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1407<\/h3><p>Two rules, both favouring the grantor. The grantor is not bound to keep the property in a good state of repair, so a person holding a right of habitation takes the property as it stands. And the grantee cannot claim back what he spends on improving it, however much the improvements increase its value.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">The grantor of a right of habitation is not bound to keep the property in good repair.\n The holder of a right of habitation cannot claim reimbursement of expenses incurred in improving the property.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1407\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"th\" data-no-translation open><summary>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1402<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e42\u0e23\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19 \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e42\u0e23\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e32<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1402\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1403<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e30\u0e01\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e14\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e27\u0e34\u0e15\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32 \u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e25\u0e34\u0e01\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e43\u0e14 \u0e46 \u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e27\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32 \u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e32\u0e19\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e25\u0e14\u0e25\u0e07\u0e21\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e08\u0e30\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e22\u0e38\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e19\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e33\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1403\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1404<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e08\u0e30\u0e42\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e21\u0e49\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e21\u0e23\u0e14\u0e01<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1404\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1405<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e14\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e14\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e42\u0e22\u0e0a\u0e19\u0e4c\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e40\u0e09\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e30\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e44\u0e0b\u0e23\u0e49 \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e19\u0e04\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e27\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e19\u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e27\u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1405\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1299<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e21\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e19\u0e34\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e23\u0e34\u0e21\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e23\u0e34\u0e21\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e19\u0e34\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e21\u0e32\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\n\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e23\u0e34\u0e21\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e23\u0e34\u0e21\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e19\u0e34\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21 \u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e21\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e44\u0e0b\u0e23\u0e49 \u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e30\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e07\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e22\u0e01\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e21\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e17\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1299\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1409<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e19\u0e33\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e55\u0e55\u0e52 \u0e16\u0e36\u0e07 \u0e55\u0e55\u0e55 \u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e55\u0e55\u0e58 \u0e55\u0e56\u0e52 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30 \u0e55\u0e56\u0e53 \u0e21\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e42\u0e25\u0e21<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e10\u0e32\u0e19\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e42\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e14\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 (Thai text from our annotated code. Check it against the official text.)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1409\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1407<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e08\u0e33\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e33\u0e23\u0e38\u0e07\u0e23\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e0b\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e41\u0e0b\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e14\u0e35\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e0a\u0e14\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e14\u0e35\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1407\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"fr\" data-no-translation><summary>Fran\u00e7ais<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1402<\/h3><p>Toute personne \u00e0 qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 conf\u00e9r\u00e9 un droit d&#039;habitation dans un b\u00e2timent a le droit d&#039;y demeurer sans payer de loyer.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1402\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1403<\/h3><p>Le droit d&#039;habitation est constitu\u00e9 \u00e0 terme ou \u00e0 vie. Sans terme, il peut prendre fin \u00e0 tout moment moyennant un pr\u00e9avis raisonnable. Le terme ne peut exc\u00e9der 30 ans, tout terme plus long y \u00e9tant r\u00e9duit; il est renouvelable pour 30 ans au plus.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1403\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1404<\/h3><p>Le droit d&#039;habitation est incessible, m\u00eame par succession.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1404\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1405<\/h3><p>Sauf s&#039;il est express\u00e9ment limit\u00e9 \u00e0 l&#039;usage personnel du b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire, le droit d&#039;habitation permet aux membres de la famille et du m\u00e9nage du b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire de demeurer avec lui.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1405\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1299<\/h3><p>Sous r\u00e9serve des dispositions du pr\u00e9sent Code ou d&#039;autres lois, l&#039;acquisition par acte juridique d&#039;un immeuble ou d&#039;un droit r\u00e9el immobilier n&#039;est parfaite que si l&#039;acte juridique est fait par \u00e9crit et si l&#039;acquisition est enregistr\u00e9e aupr\u00e8s du fonctionnaire comp\u00e9tent.\n\nLorsqu&#039;une personne acquiert un immeuble ou un droit r\u00e9el immobilier autrement que par un acte juridique, le droit de l&#039;acqu\u00e9reur, tant qu&#039;il n&#039;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9, ne peut donner lieu \u00e0 aucune modification du registre, et ce droit non enregistr\u00e9 ne peut \u00eatre oppos\u00e9 au tiers qui a acquis un droit \u00e0 titre on\u00e9reux et de bonne foi et qui a fait enregistrer ce droit de bonne foi.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1299\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1409<\/h3><p>Les dispositions du pr\u00e9sent Code relatives aux obligations et \u00e0 la responsabilit\u00e9 du locataire, pr\u00e9vues aux articles 552 \u00e0 555, 558, 562 et 563, s&#039;appliquent par analogie au droit d&#039;habitation.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1409\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1407<\/h3><p>Le constituant du droit d&#039;habitation n&#039;est pas tenu d&#039;entretenir le bien en bon \u00e9tat de r\u00e9paration. Le b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaire ne peut r\u00e9clamer le remboursement des d\u00e9penses qu&#039;il a engag\u00e9es pour am\u00e9liorer le bien.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1407\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-cases\"><h3>\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/supreme-court-decisions\/7199-2552-will-grants-only-usufruct-not-ownership\/\">7199\/2552<\/a> (2009): \u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e22\u0e01 &#039;\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e28\u0e31\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e40\u0e01\u0e47\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e27\u0e34\u0e15&#039; \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e40\u0e01\u0e47\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19 \u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e4c<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/supreme-court-decisions\/8015-2551-right-of-habitation-binds-parties-without-registration\/\">8015\/2551<\/a> (2008): \u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e49\u0e19\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19 \u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e01\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e32 \u0e41\u0e21\u0e49\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e22\u0e31\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-src\"><h3>\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e13\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e22\u0e4c, Office of the Council of State<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><li>deka.supremecourt.or.th, Supreme Court of Thailand decisions database (copy held in our library), \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 19 \u0e01\u0e38\u0e21\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e18\u0e4c 2569<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"core-characteristics-and-obligations\"><strong>Core Characteristics and Obligations<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once registered, the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/right-of-habitation-in-thailand\/\"> right of habitation in Thailand<\/a> carries several important features:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It applies only to <em>buildings<\/em>, not the land itself.<\/li>\n\n<li>It is <em>strictly personal<\/em>, which means it ends with the death of the right holder.<\/li>\n\n<li>It is <em>non-transferable<\/em> and cannot be leased or passed to someone else, as habitation is not transferable.<\/li>\n\n<li>The grantee is not required to pay rent but must maintain the property in a livable condition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/family-law-consultation\/\">Family members<\/a> may live with the right holder unless the grant expressly limits the right to the holder personally (section 1405). This makes the right especially suitable for a Thai spouse or elderly parent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"duration-and-termination\"><strong>Duration and Termination<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Habitation rights can be granted for a fixed term (up to 30 years), for life, or with no specific duration under thailand law. If no end date is stated, the grantor can terminate the agreement with reasonable notice. Whatever the term, the grantor may also end the right if the holder misuses the building or breaks the grant&#8217;s terms and ignores a warning to put it right (sections 1409 and 554).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"termination-occurs-when\">Termination occurs when:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The agreed period expires<\/li>\n\n<li>The right holder dies<\/li>\n\n<li>The grantor gives proper notice in indefinite arrangements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the agreement ends, the building must be returned in good shape. The grantee cannot ask for money back for any improvements unless both sides expressly agree.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"habitation-vs-usufruct-vs-lease-a-comparison\"><strong>Habitation vs. Usufruct vs. Lease: A Comparison<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To understand the right of habitation in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/property-guide-for-foreigners-in-thailand\/\">Thai property law<\/a>, let\u2019s compare it to usufructs and leases<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Feature<\/th><th>Habitation<\/th><th>Usufruct<\/th><th>Lease<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Duration<\/td><td>Up to 30 years or lifetime<\/td><td>Up to 30 years or lifetime<\/td><td>Up to 30 years<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rent or Payment<\/td><td>None<\/td><td>Optional<\/td><td>Required<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Use<\/td><td>Residential only<\/td><td>Residential and commercial<\/td><td>Residential or commercial<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transferability<\/td><td>Non-transferable<\/td><td>Transferable in some cases<\/td><td>Transferable with consent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Scope<\/td><td>Buildings only<\/td><td>Land and buildings<\/td><td>Land and\/or buildings<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Inheritance Possible<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>As a rule no: an ordinary lease ends on the tenant&#8217;s death (Supreme Court 3254\/2545)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"common-uses-in-thailand\"><strong>Common Uses in Thailand<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This legal tool is used when a Thai citizen wants to let a foreign spouse, relative, or dependent live in their home for free. It helps avoid ownership risks or lease obligations. It is also useful for charitable housing, elder care, or family <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thailand-inheritance-guide-for-foreigners\/\">Thai inheritance law<\/a> when no rent is expected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In some cases, people use the right of habitation to plan for long-term use of property. This allows them to use the property without <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/transferring-property-in-thailand\/\">transferring ownership<\/a>. It is helpful when a lease or usufruct is not suitable or needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"limitations-and-practical-realities\"><strong>Limitations and Practical Realities<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While this right has clear advantages, it\u2019s important to be aware of its limits. For instance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It cannot be used to rent out the property or run a business.<\/li>\n\n<li>It does not apply to the land itself, only the building.<\/li>\n\n<li>It terminates upon the holder\u2019s death and cannot be inherited.<\/li>\n\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/register-a-company-in-thailand\/\">registration process<\/a> must be followed precisely: registration is what makes the right a real right that binds a later owner (section 1299).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The law is the same across the country. However, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/land-office\/\">Land Offices<\/a> in different provinces may interpret or apply the rules in slightly different ways. This is something we see regularly when assisting clients throughout Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-thai-courts-interpret-habitation-rights\"><strong>How Thai Courts Interpret Habitation Rights<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Civil and Commercial Code itself keeps this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/rights-of-servitudes-in-thailand\/\">personal servitude<\/a> narrow, and these are the limits a court applies when a dispute over the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/property-guide-for-foreigners-in-thailand\/\">property rights<\/a> reaches it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The right cannot be transferred, not even by inheritance (section 1404), and the holder lives in the building without paying rent (section 1402)<\/li>\n\n<li>Registration is what makes it a real right that binds a later owner of the property (section 1299)<\/li>\n\n<li>Family and household members may live with the holder unless the grant expressly limits the right to the holder personally (section 1405)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These principles are similar to laws in other civil law countries. For example, they are like the French droit d\u2019habitation or Germany\u2019s Wohnrecht. It also bears some resemblance to the <em>life <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/estate\/\">estate<\/a><\/em> known in common law systems, but with more rigid limitations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faqs-about-right-of-habitation-in-thailand\">FAQS about Right of Habitation in Thailand<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753174249782\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the right of habitation in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>In Thailand, the right of habitation is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/legalization-of-fathers-rights-in-thailand\/\">legal right<\/a>. It lets a person, called the grantee, live in a place without paying rent. This right is usually given for a set time. It can be created through a habitation contract. It must be made in writing and registered to take effect as a real right that binds later owners of the house (section 1299).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753174262472\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can the right of habitation be terminated?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Only a right granted without a fixed period may be ended at any time, and then only on reasonable notice to the holder (section 1403). A right granted for a fixed period or for life runs its course, unless the holder misuses the building or breaks the grant&#8217;s terms and ignores a warning to put it right; the grantor may then end it (sections 1409 and 554). This ensures that the grantee has time to vacate the premises and seek alternative housing arrangements.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753174292040\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What duration can the right of habitation be granted for?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>The right of habitation is typically granted for a period not exceeding thirty years. A longer period is cut down to thirty years. The right may be renewed, for no more than thirty years from the renewal (section 1403). A right may also be granted for the lifetime of the holder.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753174305435\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What happens if the right of habitation is not registered?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>If the right of habitation is not registered, it may not be enforceable against third parties. Registration is important because it gives legal recognition to the grantee\u2019s rights. It also protects against claims on the property by others.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753174306496\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can a grantee sublet the property they occupy?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Generally, the right of habitation is personal and cannot be transferred to another party, including subletting the property. Family and household members may live there unless the grant expressly limits the right to the holder personally (section 1405), but the grantee cannot let anyone else occupy the home without clear permission from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/title-deeds-in-thailand\/\">title deed<\/a> holder.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753174339874\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What are the implications of Thai law on the right of habitation?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Thai law regulates the right of habitation, ensuring that it is treated as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/superficies-in-thailand\/\">personal real right<\/a>. This means that the rights and duties of both the grantor and the grantee are clear. Any disputes can be settled through the legal system.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753174353228\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can the right of habitation be inherited?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>No. The right of habitation is personal to the holder. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1404\/\">Section 1404<\/a> of the Civil and Commercial Code provides that it cannot be transferred, either by an act of the holder or by inheritance. It ends on the holder\u2019s death, and the heirs take nothing.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-the-right-of-habitation-in-thailand\"><strong>Need Help with Registration or Legal Advice?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At ThaiLawOnline, we have helped many clients, both Thai and foreign, secure their living rights. We do this through the proper use of a habitation agreement. If you are planning for your family, need elder care, or want to explore <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/lease-agreement-in-thailand\/\">lease options<\/a>, we can help. We make the process simple and legally secure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Let us guide you through drafting, registering, or terminating habitation rights with confidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"links\">Links:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.go.th\/en\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Lands in Thailand<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/online-consultation-with-a-thai-lawyer\/\"><strong>Contact ThaiLawOnline to Speak with a Lawyer Today<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last reviewed: 26 September 2026. Read in Thai against the Civil and Commercial Code, sections 1299, 1402 to 1409 and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":11315,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","tlo_reviewed_on":"","tlo_reviewed_by":"","tlo_edited_by":"","tlo_changelog":"[{\"date\":\"2026-11-04\",\"note\":\"Added the statute box with Thai, English and French text and checked the page against the official text\"}]","tlo_authority_on":"1","tlo_box_sections":"","tlo_box_cases":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"right of habitation thailand","rank_math_title":"Right of Habitation in Thailand - ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"The Thai right of habitation (sitthi asai): what it grants, why registration matters, how it compares with usufruct and a lease, and how it ends.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Right of Habitation Thailand","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"class_list":["post-146","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=146"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12109,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146\/revisions\/12109"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11315"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=146"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0e14\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e34\u0e25\u0e22\u0e39\u0e1e\u0e35","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}