{"id":1790,"date":"2026-04-18T17:01:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T10:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/chanotte\/"},"modified":"2026-09-05T19:34:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T12:34:38","slug":"chanote","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/chanote\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e42\u0e09\u0e19\u0e14 (\u0e19.\u0e2a. 4 \u0e08.): \u0e42\u0e09\u0e19\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>\u0e40\u0e2d <strong>\u0e42\u0e09\u0e19\u0e14<\/strong> (\u0e42\u0e09\u0e19\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19, officially <em>Nor Sor 4 Jor<\/em>, also spelled <em>chanod<\/em> \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d <em>chanote thi din<\/em>) is the full freehold title deed for land in Thailand, issued by the Department of Lands after a ground survey with GPS coordinates and concrete boundary posts. It is the highest of the Thai land documents and the only one that records absolute ownership rather than a right of possession. Every sale, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/mortgage\/\">\u0e08\u0e33\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e07<\/a>, lease over three years, usufruct and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/superficies-right\/\">\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e27<\/a> on the plot is written on its back page, which makes the chanote both the proof of title and the register of everything that burdens it.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#what-a-chanote-is-under-the-land-code\">What a chanote is under the Land Code<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#practical-points-when-buying-chanote-land\">Practical points when buying chanote land<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#chanote-compared-with-the-other-land-documents\">Chanote compared with the other land documents<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">\u0e04\u0e33\u0e16\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-a-chanote-is-under-the-land-code\">What a chanote is under the Land Code<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>\u0e40\u0e14\u0e2d\u0e30 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/land-code\/\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2497<\/a> recognises several land documents, but only the chanote confers ownership (\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e4c). The others, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/nor-sor-3-gor\/\">\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c \u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c 3 \u0e01\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c<\/a> and Nor Sor 3, confirm a right of possession. The deed carries a red Garuda emblem, the deed number, the land and survey numbers, the tambon, amphoe and province, the area in rai, ngan and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/rai-ngan-wah\/\">square wah<\/a>, a plan of the plot and the name of the current owner.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Registration is what transfers the land.<\/strong> A private sale contract does not move ownership; the transfer must be registered at the Land Office on the official Tor Dor 13 sale form, and the new owner&#8217;s name is then entered on the deed. The same applies to a mortgage, a registered lease, a usufruct or a superficies: each is written on the back of the chanote in date order, so a clean back page means an unencumbered plot.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"practical-points-when-buying-chanote-land\">Practical points when buying chanote land<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Foreigners cannot own land, but the chanote is still the document they meet most, because a registered lease, usufruct or superficies is only worth taking over chanote land (or, at a pinch, Nor Sor 3 Gor). Banks lend against chanote land and refuse the lower documents.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p><strong>Check the deed at the Land Office, not in the seller&#8217;s hand.<\/strong> The original is held by the owner and a duplicate by the Land Office; the two must match. A title search at the office shows the full transfer history and any registered mortgage, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/servitude\/\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e2a<\/a> or lease, and a licensed surveyor can re-check the boundary posts against the plan. Online map tools are not legal evidence. This search is the core of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/due-diligence-in-thailand\/\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e16\u0e32\u0e19\u0e30\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e22\u0e14<\/a>, and it costs little compared with the price of buying a plot subject to someone else&#8217;s mortgage.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>The common mistake is accepting a photocopy, a deed in a different name from the seller, or a deed whose area on the front no longer matches the last entry on the back after a partial sale or subdivision.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chanote-compared-with-the-other-land-documents\">Chanote compared with the other land documents<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23<\/th><th>Garuda colour<\/th><th>What it gives<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e42\u0e19\u0e17 (\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c \u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c 4 \u0e08\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c)<\/td><td>Red<\/td><td>Ownership; GPS survey; all rights registrable, no public notice<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c \u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c 3 \u0e01\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c<\/td><td>Green<\/td><td>Possession; aerial photo survey; registrable without notice; can be upgraded<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c\u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c 3<\/td><td>Black<\/td><td>Possession; unsurveyed; 30-day public notice before any registration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sor Kor 1, Por Bor Tor 5<\/td><td>\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35<\/td><td>No title; cannot be registered at the Land Office<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>Chanote land is not beyond challenge. Under Section 1382 of the Civil and Commercial Code, a person who openly and peacefully possesses another&#8217;s titled land for 10 years can ask a court to be declared owner. An absentee owner who never visits the plot, or a buyer who leaves a neighbour&#8217;s fence where it stands, can lose part of the land this way. A registered chanote is the best title Thailand offers, but it still needs to be watched.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">\u0e04\u0e33\u0e16\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Can a foreigner have a chanote in their name?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>No. Section 86 of the Land Code bars foreigners from owning land, so a chanote cannot be issued or transferred to a foreign individual except in narrow cases such as the 40 million baht investment route. A foreigner&#8217;s registered lease, usufruct or superficies is instead recorded on the back of the Thai owner&#8217;s chanote.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">How do I verify a chanote is genuine?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Take the deed number, land number and location to the Land Office that holds the duplicate and request a title search. The office confirms the owner, the area and every registered encumbrance. A surveyor can then check that the concrete boundary markers match the plan on the deed.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">What is the difference between a chanote and Nor Sor 3 Gor?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>A chanote records ownership and has GPS surveyed boundaries with concrete posts. Nor Sor 3 Gor records a right of possession with boundaries taken from aerial photographs. Both can be sold, mortgaged and used for a registered lease or usufruct without public notice, and Nor Sor 3 Gor can be upgraded to a chanote by applying for a ground survey.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e48\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/nor-sor-3-gor\/\">\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c \u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c 3 \u0e01\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/ns3\/\">\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c\u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c 3<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/encumbrance\/\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e01\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e19\u0e42\u0e09\u0e19\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/glossary\/land-office\/\">\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/title-deeds-in-thailand\/\">title deeds in Thailand compared<\/a> \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/how-to-read-title-deed-in-thailand\/\">\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e42\u0e09\u0e19\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/a>.<\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A chanote (\u0e42\u0e09\u0e19\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19, officially Nor Sor 4 Jor, also spelled chanod or chanote thi din) is the full freehold title [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":214,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"chanote","rank_math_title":"Chanote (Nor Sor 4 Jor): Full Title Deed | ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Chanote (Nor Sor 4 Jor) is the full freehold title deed for land in Thailand, GPS surveyed by the Land Department. Why it matters and how to check one.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"class_list":["post-1790","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1790"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1790\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6874,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1790\/revisions\/6874"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1790"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0e14\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e34\u0e25\u0e22\u0e39\u0e1e\u0e35","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}