{"id":278,"date":"2023-06-24T07:54:39","date_gmt":"2023-06-24T00:54:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/dui-laws-and-penalties-in-thailand\/"},"modified":"2026-11-02T00:29:15","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T17:29:15","slug":"dui-laws-and-penalties-in-thailand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/dui-laws-and-penalties-in-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e25\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e21\u0e32\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Short answer: drink driving is a criminal offence in Thailand, and the limit is 50 mg% (0.05%) blood alcohol for most drivers, or 20 mg% (0.02%) if you are under twenty, on a probationary licence, driving without a valid licence for that vehicle, or driving while suspended.<\/strong> The limits come from Ministerial Regulation No. 21 (B.E. 2560) under the Land Traffic Act, which prohibits driving while intoxicated in section 43(2). A first offence carries up to one year in prison, a fine of 5,000 to 20,000 baht, or both, and the court must suspend your licence for at least six months or revoke it (section 160 ter). A repeat offence within two years, or causing injury or death, is punished far more heavily, as set out below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tlo-hublink wp-block-paragraph\">Arrest, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/bail\/\">bail<\/a> and trial all follow the same route, set out in our overview of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/criminal-law-thailand\/\">criminal law in Thailand<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img alt=\"Police breathalyser checkpoint at night\" class=\"wp-image-19859 tlo-responsive-img\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/dui-drink-driving-thailand.webp\" style=\"width:500px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table of Contents<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#dui-laws-and-penalties-in-thailand\">DUI Laws and Penalties in Thailand: Understanding the Legal Drinking Age<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#blood-alcohol-limits\">Blood Alcohol Limits to drive in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-happens-if-youre-caught\">What Happens If You\u2019re Caught with a DUI in Thailand?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#police-checkpoints-and-enforcement\">Police Checkpoints and Enforcement<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#quick-safety-tips\">Quick Safety Tips<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#final-thoughts\">Final Thoughts<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#need-help-with-a-dui-case\">Need Help with a DUI Case?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Last reviewed: 3 September 2026.<\/strong> Every figure and every section number on this page was read in Thai from the primary text. <strong>Section 160 ter<\/strong> of the Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522 was read in the consolidation as at 2017, paragraph by paragraph, and it is the source of the first-offence range, the three harm tiers and the mandatory licence orders. <strong>Sections 160 ter\/1, 160 ter\/2 and 160 ter\/3<\/strong>, and the fifth paragraph of section 160 ter, were read in the Royal Gazette text of the <strong>Land Traffic Act (No. 13) B.E. 2565<\/strong> itself, which also supplied its own commencement clause (in force when one hundred and twenty days from publication have elapsed) and its savings clause for existing regulations. <strong>Section 142<\/strong> was read for the power to detain, the presumption on refusal and the delegation to a ministerial regulation, in both the pre-2022 and the 2022 wording. The blood alcohol limits come from <strong>Ministerial Regulation No. 21 (B.E. 2560)<\/strong> and the regulation it amends, <strong>No. 16 (B.E. 2537)<\/strong>, read in full, including the testing order and the conversion coefficients. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/supreme-court-dika\/\">Supreme Court<\/a> Decision 8990\/2568<\/strong> was read in full in Thai, to its disposition, and every particular stated about it here is in the judgment. The drinking age limb was checked against <strong>sections 29 and 40 of the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act B.E. 2551<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>What this review does not cover, said rather than implied. No penalty figure is published for the alcohol sales offence, because the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act (No. 2) B.E. 2568 revised both sections and we have not read that amending Act in the Gazette itself, only a transcription of it; the structure described here, that the prohibition and the penalty fall on the seller, is what both versions say. Checkpoint and enforcement practice throughout, including what officers do with a licence at the roadside and how courts treat a challenge to a breath reading, is practice and not statute. And this review confirms that Ministerial Regulation No. 21 remains in force by the savings clause of the 2022 Act, not that no later regulation exists: it is the most recent one we can find, and absence from a corpus is not proof of absence.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dui-laws-and-penalties-in-thailand\">DUI Laws and Penalties in Thailand: Understanding the Legal Drinking Age<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thailand\u2019s alcohol age rule is a rule about <em>selling<\/em>, and it is worth being exact about who breaks it. <strong>Section 29 of the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act B.E. 2551<\/strong> forbids any person to sell alcohol to someone under twenty years of age, or to someone so drunk that they have lost control of themselves, and <strong>section 40<\/strong> puts the penalty on the person who sold. It bites everywhere alcohol is sold: bars, restaurants, convenience stores and entertainment venues. <strong>There is no offence of drinking under twenty.<\/strong> Someone under twenty who drinks is not fined under that Act; the shop, the bar or the member of staff who sold or served is the one at risk. Both sections were revised by the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act (No. 2) B.E. 2568, which left the age of twenty and the seller\u2019s liability where they were, so no figure is quoted here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Understanding DUI Laws and Penalties in Thailand is crucial for anyone who intends to drive in this vibrant country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"blood-alcohol-limits\">Blood Alcohol Limits to drive in Thailand<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The legal blood alcohol content (BAC) limit depends on who you are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><th>Driver<\/th><th>Blood alcohol limit<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>Every driver, unless one of the categories below applies<\/td><td>More than <strong>50 mg%<\/strong> (0.05%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(a) Driver under twenty years of age<\/td><td>More than <strong>20 mg%<\/strong> (0.02%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(b) Holder of a <strong>temporary (probationary) driving licence<\/strong> under the motor vehicle law<\/td><td>More than <strong>20 mg%<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(c) Holder of a licence <strong>for a different class of vehicle<\/strong> that cannot be used for the one being driven<\/td><td>More than <strong>20 mg%<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(d) Driver with <strong>no licence<\/strong>, or whose licence is <strong>suspended or revoked<\/strong><\/td><td>More than <strong>20 mg%<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These limits are not in the Act itself. Section 142 paragraph five leaves the testing criteria to a ministerial regulation, and the operative one is <strong>Ministerial Regulation No. 21 (B.E. 2560)<\/strong> issued under the Land Traffic Act, which replaced clause 3(1) of Ministerial Regulation No. 16 (B.E. 2537). It was made on 4 May 2017 and published in the Royal Gazette, volume 134, part 59 Kor, page 1, on 31 May 2017. It survived the 2022 overhaul of the Act: section 39 of the Land Traffic Act (No. 13) B.E. 2565 keeps every regulation made under the 1979 Act in force, so far as it is not inconsistent with the Act as amended, until a replacement is made.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Those are blood figures, and the test at the roadside is not a blood test.<\/strong> Ministerial Regulation No. 16 (B.E. 2537), the one No. 21 amends, fixes the order: breath first, with urine or blood only where a breath test cannot be done, and a blood sample must be taken at the nearest hospital under the supervision of a licensed physician. The same regulation fixes the conversion, <strong>2,000<\/strong> for a breath reading and one over 1.3 for urine, which is why a breathalyser at a checkpoint reads out in mg% at all: the number it shows you is already the blood-equivalent figure that gets compared with the 50 and the 20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two categories that circulate widely in English are <strong>not<\/strong> in the regulation: there is no separate limit for \u201ccommercial or professional drivers\u201d as such, and the reduced limit does not turn on <strong>holding a licence for less than five years<\/strong>. What triggers the 20 mg% limit is a <strong>probationary<\/strong> licence, the wrong class of licence, no licence at all, or a licence under suspension or revocation. A professional driver on a full, valid, correct-class licence is on the ordinary 50 mg% limit like everyone else.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Police can stop a driver seen breaking the Act, and can order a test where the circumstances give reason to believe the driver is drunk (section 142). You don\u2019t have to swerve or cause trouble. Checkpoints are often random, especially during festivals like Songkran or New Year. Refusing the test is not a way out, and the mechanism is worth knowing exactly. Under <strong>section 142 paragraph three<\/strong>, an officer may <strong>detain you<\/strong> for as long as the case requires in order to carry the test out. Under <strong>paragraph four<\/strong>, where there is reasonable cause to believe you were driving while intoxicated and you still refuse <strong>without reasonable cause<\/strong>, it is <strong>presumed that you contravened section 43(2)<\/strong>. That presumption was added by the Land Traffic Act (No. 10) B.E. 2557. If you take the test and it is clean, paragraph three requires that you be released immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Being unconscious is not a way out either, and this is new law that predates most English-language write-ups.<\/strong> The Land Traffic Act (No. 13) B.E. 2565 added a <strong>sixth paragraph to section 142<\/strong> for the case where an accident has happened, there is reason to believe the driver, or someone who may have been the driver, contravened section 43(2), and that person is unconscious or too badly hurt to consent to the test. It applies <strong>section 43 bis\/1<\/strong>, so the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/inquiry-official\/\">inquiry official<\/a> may ask a physician to carry out the examination and take blood, urine or other samples by medical means, limited to what is necessary and reasonable, by the least painful method available, and at the expense of the police budget rather than the patient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Driving under the influence of drugs is prohibited separately, by <strong>section 43 bis<\/strong>, which covers driving after taking a narcotic under the narcotics law or a psychotropic substance under the psychotropic substances law. It is a different prohibition from section 43(2), not a variety of it, so do not assume the drink-driving figures above apply to it.<\/p>\n\n\n<style data-noptimize=\"1\">.tlo-lb{border:2px solid #1E3455;background:#fff;margin:28px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;color:#1b1b1b}.tlo-lb h2.tlo-lb-h{background:#1E3455;color:#fff;font-size:19px;line-height:1.3;margin:0;padding:12px 16px}.tlo-lb-tabs{position:relative;padding-top:44px;background:#fff}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:absolute;top:0;width:33.334%;height:44px;line-height:44px;text-align:center;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;background:#eef0f4;color:#1E3455;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:3px solid #1E3455}.tlo-lb-tab>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(1)>summary{left:0}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(2)>summary{left:33.333%}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(3)>summary{left:66.666%}.tlo-lb-tab[open]>summary{background:#fff;border-bottom-color:#FECB01}.tlo-lb summary:focus-visible,.tlo-lb a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #FECB01;outline-offset:-3px}.tlo-lb-sec{padding:14px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-sec h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 4px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-sec h3 small{font-weight:400;color:#555;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-sec p{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-text{white-space:pre-line;border-left:3px solid #FECB01;padding-left:12px;margin:0 0 6px}.tlo-lb-note{font-size:13px;color:#555;font-style:italic}.tlo-lb-badge{display:inline-block;background:#FECB01;color:#1E3455;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;padding:1px 7px;margin-left:6px}.tlo-lb-fold{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-fold>summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px}.tlo-lb-links a{margin-right:14px;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-cases,.tlo-lb-src{padding:14px 16px;background:#f6f7f9;border-top:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-cases h3,.tlo-lb-src h3{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 6px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-cases ul,.tlo-lb-src ul{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px;font-size:14px}.tlo-al{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:#444;margin:0 0 18px}.tlo-al details{margin-top:4px}.tlo-al summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455}.tlo-al ul{margin:6px 0 0 18px;padding:0}@media print{.tlo-lb{border:1px solid #000}.tlo-lb-tabs{padding-top:0}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.4;text-align:left;background:none;border:0}.tlo-lb details::details-content{content-visibility:visible;display:block}.tlo-lb-links a{color:#000}}<\/style><script data-noptimize=\"1\" data-no-optimize=\"1\">document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){(function(){var b=document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb-tabs\");b.forEach(function(g){var t=g.querySelectorAll(\":scope>details\");t.forEach(function(d){d.firstElementChild.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){if(d.open){e.preventDefault()}})})});var s=[];addEventListener(\"beforeprint\",function(){s=[];document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb details\").forEach(function(d){s.push([d,d.open,d.getAttribute(\"name\")]);d.removeAttribute(\"name\");d.open=true})});addEventListener(\"afterprint\",function(){s.forEach(function(x){x[0].open=x[1];if(x[2]){x[0].setAttribute(\"name\",x[2])}})})})();});<\/script><section class=\"tlo-lb notranslate\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation translate=\"no\" aria-label=\"\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\"><h2 class=\"tlo-lb-h\">\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/h2><div class=\"tlo-lb-tabs\"><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"en\" data-no-translation><summary>English<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 43 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">No driver shall drive a vehicle: (1) while impaired in the ability to drive; (2) while drunk from liquor or another intoxicant; (3) in a manner that obstructs traffic; (4) negligently or in a frightening manner that may cause danger to persons or property; (5) in a manner abnormal to ordinary driving, or unable to see the way ahead or behind, on either or both sides, sufficiently for safety, or without regard to the inconvenience of others; (6) straddling or over a traffic lane line or divider, except when changing lanes, turning or making a U-turn; (7) on a footpath without reasonable cause, except pushchairs for infants, sick persons or disabled persons; (8) in a manner showing disregard for the safety of the life or body of others; (9) while using a mobile telephone, except where the driver uses the mobile telephone without having to hold or grip it, as announced by the Commissioner-General of the Royal Thai Police.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 160 ter <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Any person who violates section 43 (2) shall be punished by imprisonment not exceeding 1 year, or a fine of 5,000 to 20,000 baht, or both, and the court shall order suspension of the person&#039;s driving licence for not less than 6 months or revocation of the driving licence. If the offence under paragraph one causes another person bodily or mental harm, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of 1 to 5 years and a fine of 20,000 to 100,000 baht, and the court shall order suspension of the driving licence for not less than 1 year or its revocation. If the offence under paragraph one causes another person grievous bodily harm, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of 2 to 6 years and a fine of 40,000 to 120,000 baht, and the court shall order suspension of the driving licence for not less than 2 years or its revocation. If the offence under paragraph one causes the death of another person, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of 3 to 10 years and a fine of 60,000 to 200,000 baht, and the court shall order revocation of the driving licence. If the offence under paragraph one, two, three or four involves driving a public motor car or public motorcycle under the law on motor vehicles, or driving a vehicle used to transport passengers for hire under the law on land transport, the offender shall be liable to a punishment one third higher than that prescribed.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 160 ter\/1 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Any person who commits an offence under section 160 ter paragraph one and commits it again within 2 years from the date of the first offence shall be punished by imprisonment not exceeding 2 years and a fine of 50,000 to 100,000 baht, and the court shall order suspension of the person&#039;s driving licence for not less than 1 year or revocation of the driving licence.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 160 ter\/3 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Where a person commits an offence under section 160 ter and commits it again within 2 years from the date of the first offence, the court shall always impose both imprisonment and a fine. Paragraph one does not apply to an offender not over 18 years of age on the date of the later offence.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 160 ter\/2 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">If a person who commits an offence under section 160 ter paragraph one drove without a driving licence, or while the driving licence was suspended or revoked, the offender shall be liable to a punishment one third higher than that prescribed by law for the offence. If the offence under paragraph one causes another person bodily or mental harm, grievous bodily harm or death under section 160 ter paragraph two, three or four, the court shall increase the punishment to be imposed on the offender by one half of the punishment determined by the court for the offence.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 142 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A chief traffic officer or a traffic officer has the power to order a driver to stop the vehicle when: (1) the condition of the vehicle does not comply with section 6; (2) the officer considers that the driver or any person in the vehicle has violated or failed to comply with this Act or the law relating to that vehicle. Where there are circumstances giving reason to believe that a driver has violated section 43 (1) or (2), the chief traffic officer, inquiry official or traffic officer shall order a test of the driver to determine whether the driver is impaired in the ability to drive or drunk from liquor or another intoxicant. Where the driver under paragraph two refuses to be tested, the chief traffic officer, inquiry official or traffic officer has the power to detain the person to carry out the test, for such period as is necessary in the circumstances so that the test is completed promptly. If the person submits to the test and the result shows no violation of section 43 (1) or (2), the person shall be released immediately. Where there are circumstances giving reason to believe that a driver drove while drunk from liquor or another intoxicant, and the person still refuses, without reasonable cause, to be tested under paragraph three, the person shall be presumed to have violated section 43 (2). The test under paragraph two shall follow the rules and procedures prescribed in a ministerial regulation. Where an accident occurs and there is reason to believe that the driver, or a person who may have been the driver, has violated section 43 (2), and that person is unconscious or physically injured so as to be unable to consent to a test for substances in the body under paragraph two, section 43 bis\/1 shall apply mutatis mutandis.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 43 bis <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">No driver shall consume a narcotic under the law on narcotics or a psychotropic substance under the law on psychotropic substances, as determined by the Commissioner-General of the Royal Thai Police by notification in the Government Gazette. A chief traffic officer, inquiry official, traffic officer or inspector has the power to arrange for drivers of certain types of vehicle, as determined by the Commissioner-General of the Royal Thai Police by notification in the Government Gazette, to be examined as to whether they have consumed a narcotic or psychotropic substance under paragraph one, and if the preliminary result shows that the driver has not consumed one, the driver shall be allowed to continue driving. Where the driver under paragraph two refuses to be examined, the chief traffic officer, inquiry official, traffic officer or inspector has the power to detain the person to carry out the examination, for such period as is necessary in the circumstances so that the examination is completed promptly, and when the person submits to the examination, if the preliminary result shows no consumption, the person shall be released immediately. The examination under this section shall follow the rules and procedures prescribed in a ministerial regulation. [Note: the words &quot;Commissioner-General of the Royal Thai Police&quot; were amended by section 4 of the Land Traffic Act (No. 11) B.E. 2559.]<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"th\" data-no-translation open><summary>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 43 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e23\u0e16\n(\u0e51) \u0e43\u0e19\u0e02\u0e13\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\n(\u0e52) \u0e43\u0e19\u0e02\u0e13\u0e30\u0e40\u0e21\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e21\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\n(\u0e53) \u0e43\u0e19\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e35\u0e14\u0e02\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\n(\u0e54) \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e32\u0e17\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e27\u0e32\u0e14\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e27 \u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e14\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\n(\u0e55) \u0e43\u0e19\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e15\u0e34\u0e27\u0e34\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e16\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e14\u0e32 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e41\u0e25\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e14\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e07 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\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e16\n(\u0e57) \u0e1a\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e17\u0e49\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23 \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e23\u0e16\u0e25\u0e32\u0e01\u0e40\u0e02\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01 \u0e04\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e48\u0e27\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\n(\u0e58) \u0e43\u0e19\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e04\u0e33\u0e19\u0e36\u0e07\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e20\u0e31\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e27\u0e34\u0e15\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\n(\u0e59) \u0e43\u0e19\u0e02\u0e13\u0e30\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e42\u0e17\u0e23\u0e28\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e17\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e04\u0e25\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48 \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e42\u0e17\u0e23\u0e28\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e17\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e04\u0e25\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e17\u0e23\u0e28\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e17\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e04\u0e25\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19  \u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e33\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e28\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 160 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1d\u0e37\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e54\u0e53 (\u0e52) \u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e30\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e08\u0e33\u0e04\u0e38\u0e01\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e08\u0e33\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e01\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e01\u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e16\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\n\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e01\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e34\u0e15\u0e43\u0e08\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e30\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e08\u0e33\u0e04\u0e38\u0e01\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e01\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e16\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\n\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e31\u0e2a \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e30\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e08\u0e33\u0e04\u0e38\u0e01\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e01\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e01\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e16\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\n\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e30\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e08\u0e33\u0e04\u0e38\u0e01\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e16\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\n\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e48 \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e23\u0e16\u0e22\u0e19\u0e15\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e18\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e16\u0e08\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e22\u0e19\u0e15\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e18\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e30\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e23\u0e16\u0e22\u0e19\u0e15\u0e4c \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e23\u0e16\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e30\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 160 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35\/1 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e43\u0e14\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e50 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35 \u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0b\u0e49\u0e33\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e19\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e23\u0e01 \u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e30\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e08\u0e33\u0e04\u0e38\u0e01\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e17 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e01\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e16\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 160 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35\/3 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e43\u0e14\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e50 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e0b\u0e49\u0e33\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e19\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e23\u0e01 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e25\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e08\u0e33\u0e04\u0e38\u0e01\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e2d\n\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e22\u0e38\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e14\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e43\u0e19\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e07<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 160 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35\/2 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e43\u0e14\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e50 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35 \u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e16\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e01\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e16\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e38\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e15\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e23\u0e30\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\n\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e01\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e34\u0e15\u0e43\u0e08 \u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e31\u0e2a \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e50 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35 \u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e48 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e48\u0e21\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e25\u0e07\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e01\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 142 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e2b\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23*\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23*\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e19\u0e32\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e38\u0e14\u0e23\u0e16\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\n(\u0e51) \u0e23\u0e16\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e56\n(\u0e52) \u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e16\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1d\u0e37\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e16\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e46\n\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1d\u0e37\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e54\u0e53 (\u0e51) \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d (\u0e52) \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23* \u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23*\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e21\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e21\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\n\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a 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\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23*\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e19\u0e32\u0e08\u0e01\u0e31\u0e01\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e30\u0e22\u0e30\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e40\u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e47\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e40\u0e23\u0e47\u0e27 \u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0f\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1d\u0e37\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e54\u0e53 (\u0e51) \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d (\u0e52) \u0e01\u0e47\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e17\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\n\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e16\u0e43\u0e19\u0e02\u0e13\u0e30\u0e40\u0e21\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e21\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23 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class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 43 \u0e17\u0e27\u0e34 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 \u0e1e.\u0e28. 2522<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e15\u0e34\u0e14\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e22\u0e32\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e15\u0e34\u0e14\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e27\u0e31\u0e15\u0e16\u0e38\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e24\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e34\u0e15\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e17\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e27\u0e31\u0e15\u0e16\u0e38\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e24\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e34\u0e15\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e17  \u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e33\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e28\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\n\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23* \u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19 \u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23* \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e19\u0e32\u0e08\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e21\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e23\u0e16\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e20\u0e17\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e33\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e28\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e15\u0e34\u0e14\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e42\u0e17\u0e29\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e27\u0e31\u0e15\u0e16\u0e38\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e24\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e34\u0e15\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e17\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e37\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0f\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e01\u0e47\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e16\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e35\u0e48\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23* \u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19 \u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23* \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e19\u0e32\u0e08\u0e01\u0e31\u0e01\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49 \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e30\u0e22\u0e30\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e40\u0e17\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e47\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e40\u0e23\u0e47\u0e27\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e2b\u0e32\u0e01\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e37\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0f\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e \u0e01\u0e47\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e17\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\n\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e40\u0e01\u0e13\u0e11\u0e4c\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e23\u0e27\u0e07\n[\u0e04\u0e33\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 \u201c\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e33\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u201d \u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e48\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e54 \u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e08\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e01 (\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48 \u0e51\u0e51) \u0e1e.\u0e28. \u0e52\u0e55\u0e55\u0e59]<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"fr\" data-no-translation><summary>Fran\u00e7ais<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 43 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><p>Interdit notamment de conduire avec des capacit\u00e9s diminu\u00e9es, en \u00e9tat d&#039;ivresse, en g\u00eanant la circulation, par imprudence ou dangereusement, \u00e0 cheval sur une ligne de voie, sur le trottoir sans motif, ou en utilisant un t\u00e9l\u00e9phone mobile sauf sans le tenir en main.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 160 ter <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><p>Ivresse au volant: 1 an maximum ou 5 000 \u00e0 20 000 bahts, ou les deux, et suspension (6 mois minimum) ou retrait du permis. Blessures: 1 \u00e0 5 ans; graves: 2 \u00e0 6 ans; d\u00e9c\u00e8s: 3 \u00e0 10 ans, avec amende et permis sanctionn\u00e9. Transport public: majoration d&#039;un tiers.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 160 ter\/1 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><p>R\u00e9cidive de l&#039;article 160 ter, premier alin\u00e9a, dans les 2 ans suivant la premi\u00e8re infraction: 2 ans au plus et 50 000 \u00e0 100 000 bahts, avec suspension d&#039;un an minimum ou retrait du permis.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 160 ter\/3 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><p>R\u00e9cidive de l&#039;article 160 ter dans les 2 ans: le tribunal prononce toujours emprisonnement et amende, sauf si l&#039;auteur a 18 ans au plus \u00e0 la date de la derni\u00e8re infraction.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 160 ter\/2 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><p>Conduite en \u00e9tat d&#039;ivresse sans permis, ou avec permis suspendu ou retir\u00e9: peine major\u00e9e d&#039;un tiers. En cas de blessures, blessures graves ou d\u00e9c\u00e8s selon l&#039;article 160 ter, deuxi\u00e8me \u00e0 quatri\u00e8me alin\u00e9as, le tribunal majore la peine de moiti\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 142 <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><p>L&#039;agent peut arr\u00eater un v\u00e9hicule non conforme ou en infraction et doit ordonner un test en cas de soup\u00e7on d&#039;ivresse ou d&#039;incapacit\u00e9. Le conducteur refusant peut \u00eatre retenu; un refus persistant sans motif raisonnable fait pr\u00e9sumer l&#039;infraction \u00e0 l&#039;article 43 (2). Article 43 bis\/1 applicable au conducteur inconscient ou bless\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 43 bis <small>Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/small><\/h3><p>Interdit aux conducteurs de consommer stup\u00e9fiants ou psychotropes, selon l&#039;annonce du commissaire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la police. Les agents peuvent contr\u00f4ler certains conducteurs et retenir celui qui refuse le temps n\u00e9cessaire; il est aussit\u00f4t lib\u00e9r\u00e9 si le contr\u00f4le pr\u00e9liminaire est n\u00e9gatif.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-src\"><h3>\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/M1hxSnpiL1ZlRzFBYlFjZGwrUlZrdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-happens-if-youre-caught\">What Happens If You\u2019re Caught with a DUI in Thailand?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Penalties vary with what happened, not with what you were driving. <strong>Section 160 ter draws no distinction between a car and a motorcycle<\/strong>, and the only vehicle-based increase anywhere in it is paragraph five, which raises every penalty by one third where the drink-driver was at the wheel of a public car or public motorcycle, or of a vehicle carrying passengers for hire. What moves the figures is the harm caused and whether it is a repeat. The Supreme Court case set out below was a motorcycle, and it drew the full repeat-offender treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The two provisions that do the work.<\/strong> Driving while intoxicated is prohibited by <strong>section 43(2) of the Land Traffic Act B.E. 2522<\/strong>, and the penalty is <strong>section 160 ter<\/strong>. The figures below are that section, paragraph by paragraph.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"first-time-offense\">First-Time Offense<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/fine\/\">Fine<\/a> of 5,000 to 20,000 baht<\/li>\n\n<li>Up to one year in jail, or the fine, or both<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Licence suspension is not discretionary.<\/strong> Section 160 ter paragraph one requires the court to suspend the licence for <strong>not less than six months<\/strong>, or to revoke it. It is a court order the statute mandates, not something the officer decides at the roadside.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"repeat-offense-within-2-years\">Repeat Offence Within Two Years<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A repeat offence is dealt with by <strong>separate provisions<\/strong>, and it is worth being precise about which one does what. Sections 160 ter\/1, 160 ter\/2 and 160 ter\/3 were inserted by section 33 of the <strong>Land Traffic Act (No. 13) B.E. 2565<\/strong>, published in the Royal Gazette on 7 May 2022 (vol. 139, part 28 Kor, p.5) and in force since 5 September 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Section 160 ter\/1 sets the penalty.<\/strong> Where a person commits an offence under section 160 ter paragraph one and offends again within two years of the date of the first offence: imprisonment of <strong>up to two years<\/strong> and a fine of <strong>50,000 to 100,000 baht<\/strong>, and the court must suspend the licence for <strong>not less than one year<\/strong> or revoke it. Read the wording closely: at this tier the fine no longer stands as an alternative to the jail term.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Section 160 ter\/3 removes the court\u2019s discretion.<\/strong> Where the offender repeats within two years, the court must impose imprisonment <strong>and<\/strong> a fine, always. It does not apply to an offender who was <strong>eighteen or younger<\/strong> on the date of the later offence.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Section 160 ter\/2 raises the figure again if you had no licence.<\/strong> If the drink-driver was unlicensed, or was driving while suspended or revoked, the penalty goes up by <strong>one third<\/strong>. Where that same conduct injures or kills someone, the court adds <strong>one half<\/strong> to the sentence it would otherwise have passed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Supreme Court Decision 8990\/2568<\/strong> shows section 160 ter\/3 biting. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/court-of-appeal\/\">Court of Appeal<\/a> Region 6 sentenced a repeat drink-driver to imprisonment without also imposing a fine. The Supreme Court held that this was wrong and raised the point of its own motion, because it goes to public order. It could not add the fine itself: the prosecution had not appealed on that ground, and increasing a defendant\u2019s sentence in those circumstances is barred. The lesson for a defendant is the opposite of reassuring, because the next court will impose both.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"if-you-cause-an-accident\">If You Cause an Accident<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Injury to body or mind<\/strong> (s.160 ter para 2): 1 to 5 years <strong>and<\/strong> a fine of 20,000 to 100,000 baht, and the court must suspend the licence for at least one year or revoke it.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Grievous bodily harm<\/strong> (s.160 ter para 3): 2 to 6 years <strong>and<\/strong> a fine of 40,000 to 120,000 baht, and suspension for at least two years or revocation.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Death<\/strong> (s.160 ter para 4): 3 to 10 years <strong>and<\/strong> a fine of 60,000 to 200,000 baht, and <strong>the court must revoke the licence<\/strong>. There is no suspension option at this tier.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Driving a public vehicle<\/strong> (s.160 ter paragraph five, added by the 2022 amendment): if the drink-driver was at the wheel of a public car or public motorcycle, or of a vehicle carrying passengers for hire, every penalty above rises by <strong>one third<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If convicted, you may also need to pay compensation to the victim or their family. Your insurance company may refuse to cover the accident if alcohol or drugs were involved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"police-checkpoints-and-enforcement\">Police Checkpoints and Enforcement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Police regularly set up checkpoints around the country. They use breathalyzers, and results from these tests are accepted in court. Your license can be seized immediately, and you may have to appear in court within days. Most drivers are fined, and some are required to attend a driving education program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trying to challenge a failed breath test is very difficult under Thai law. It\u2019s much easier to avoid the trouble by not drinking if you plan to drive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quick-safety-tips\">Quick Safety Tips<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Plan ahead, use a taxi or ride app if you\u2019re going out drinking.<\/li>\n\n<li>Don\u2019t guess your limit. Even one drink can put you over.<\/li>\n\n<li>Keep a copy of your license and insurance when driving.<\/li>\n\n<li>Be polite and cooperative at checkpoints.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"final-thoughts\">Final Thoughts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DUI laws in Thailand are strict for a reason. Drunk driving has caused far too many injuries and deaths. Whether you\u2019re here for a short visit or you\u2019ve made Thailand your home, it\u2019s not worth taking the risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-278-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the legal blood alcohol limit for driving in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>50 mg% (0.05%) for most drivers. It is 20 mg% (0.02%) if you are under twenty, on a probationary licence, driving without a licence for that class of vehicle, or driving with no licence or one that is suspended or revoked.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-278-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the penalty for a first drink-driving offence in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Up to one year in prison, a fine of 5,000 to 20,000 baht, or both. The court must also suspend the licence for at least six months or revoke it (Land Traffic Act section 160 ter).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-278-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What happens if I repeat the offence within two years?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Up to two years in prison and a fine of 50,000 to 100,000 baht, plus suspension for at least one year or revocation (section 160 ter\/1). The court must impose both prison and a fine unless you were eighteen or younger at the later offence (section 160 ter\/3).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-278-4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can I refuse a breath test in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Refusing does not help. An officer may detain you for as long as the test requires. Where there is reasonable cause to believe you drove intoxicated and you refuse without reasonable cause, you are presumed to have contravened section 43(2) (section 142).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"need-help-with-a-dui-case\">Need Help with a DUI Case?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you\u2019ve been charged or have questions about DUI laws in Thailand, we can help. At <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\">ThaiLawOnline<\/a>, we offer straightforward legal advice and representation anywhere in the country. <strong>Contact us today<\/strong> to speak with a lawyer who understands both the law and how it\u2019s applied in practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/moph.go.th\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministry of Public Health of Thailand<\/a><\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ddc.moph.go.th\/uploads\/publish\/1025520200619100816.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Joint Assessment Mission to Review Alcohol Policies and Strategies in Thailand (2020)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Short answer: drink driving is a criminal offence in Thailand, and the limit is 50 mg% (0.05%) blood alcohol for 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