{"id":311,"date":"2023-06-05T09:44:13","date_gmt":"2023-06-05T02:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/last-will-in-thailand\/"},"modified":"2026-11-10T05:31:16","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T22:31:16","slug":"last-will-in-thailand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/last-will-in-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e27\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34: \u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14 \u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"tlo-answer-first wp-block-paragraph\">Do you have a will that works in Thailand? Many foreigners rely on a will made at home that Thai courts, banks and the Land Office cannot use without translation, legalisation and a court order. Yes, a foreigner can make a valid will in Thailand. The usual form is a written will, dated and signed by the testator in front of two witnesses who sign at the same time (section 1656 of the Civil and Commercial Code). A Thai will normally covers only assets in Thailand, so it works alongside your will at home rather than replacing it. Without one, your Thai assets pass to statutory heirs under section 1629. ThaiLawOnline drafts bilingual Thai and English wills for 3,900 THB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Last Will in Thailand\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ld5boA28GnE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Video: Last Will in Thailand. <a href=\"\/videos\/last-will-thailand\/\">Watch it on its own page<\/a> or browse <a href=\"\/videos\/\">all ThaiLawOnline videos<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Free downloads:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/samples\/last-will-sample-thailand.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">bilingual sample will (PDF)<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Will-Signing-Guide-EN-TH-2026.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">signing guide for Last Wills and Living Wills (PDF, English then Thai)<\/a>. No email required. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A clear Thai will identifies who should receive your Thai assets and whom you want to administer the estate. It can simplify the court and administrative work after death, but it does not automatically remove every court, bank or Land Office step. You can also prepare one yourself from our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-will-template\/\">free bilingual Thai will template<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u0e14\u0e32\u0e27\u0e19\u0e4c\u0e42\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e14\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Instructions-for-Signing-Your-Last-Will-ThaiLawOnline-2027.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0e04\u0e33\u0e41\u0e19\u0e30\u0e19\u0e33\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e25\u0e07\u0e19\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21 (\u0e44\u0e1f\u0e25\u0e4c PDF \u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e35 2570)<\/a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><audio style=\"width: 100%;\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/podcast\/last-will-in-thailand-guide.wav\" type=\"audio\/wav\">Your browser does not support the audio element.<\/audio><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table of Contents<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#understanding-last-wills-in-thailand\">Understanding Last Wills in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-makes-a-will-valid-in-thailand\">What Makes a Will Valid in Thailand?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#how-to-write-a-will-in-thailand-step-by-step\">How to Write a Will in Thailand: Step by Step<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#get-your-thai-will-three-ways\">Get Your Thai Will: Three Ways<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#different-forms-of-wills-in-thailand\">The Five Types of Wills Under Thai Law<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#inheritance-and-assets-distribution-under-thai-law\">Inheritance and assets distribution under Thai Law<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-happens-if-you-die-without-a-thai-will\">What happens if you die without a Thai will<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#managing-your-thai-will\">Managing your Thai Will<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#cost\">How Much Does a Will Cost in Thailand? (2026 Fees)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#comprehensive-estate-planning-solution-in-thailand\">Comprehensive estate planning solution in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#get-started-secure-your-legacy-in-thailand\">Get Started: Secure Your Legacy in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#making-a-will-in-thailand-faq\">Making a Will in Thailand: FAQ<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#other-links\">Other links<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-the-thai-supreme-court-says-about-last-wills\">What the Thai Supreme Court Says About Last Wills<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#our-fees\">Our fees for a Thai will<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#free-tools\">Try it yourself first, free<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>New in 2026:<\/strong> since <strong>24 March 2026<\/strong> the <strong>Ministerial Regulation on the Making of Wills or Declarations Concerning Inheritance B.E. 2569<\/strong> has governed wills made at the district office, replacing the regulation that had stood since B.E. 2503. <strong>You may now file at any district or khet office in the country.<\/strong> The Department of Provincial Administration says so in its own operating manual, which instructs officers that an applicant for a public document will (clause 5(1)) or a secret document will (clause 4) &#8220;shall file the application on form <strong>Phor.Kor. 1<\/strong> at any District Office or Khet Office&#8221;. Your registered address no longer decides where you go. <a href=\"#different-forms-of-wills-in-thailand\">See what changed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"key-takeaways-about-last-wills-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways about Last Wills in Thailand<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Age &amp; Capacity Rules: Anyone aged 15 and older who is mentally capable can make a Thai will. Witnesses must be adults, competent, and cannot benefit from the will.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Five forms, not three:<\/strong> Thai law recognises five, and under <strong>Section 1705<\/strong> a will that fits none of them is void. They are the ordinary witnessed will (<strong>Section 1656<\/strong>), the holographic will written entirely by hand (<strong>Section 1657<\/strong>), the public document will made at the district office (<strong>Section 1658<\/strong>), the secret document will (<strong>Section 1660<\/strong>), and the oral will in special circumstances (<strong>Section 1663<\/strong>). The witnessed written form is the one most expats use.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Formalities matter: A typical written will must include the date and state it is your \u201cLast Will.\u201d You must sign it in front of two witnesses who also sign right away. It is best if the will is in Thai, with an English version for clarity. Minor mistakes can void the document.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What happens without a will: If you die without a will, Thai law decides who gets your property. The order is: descendants \u2192 parents \u2192 full-blood siblings \u2192 half-blood siblings \u2192 grandparents \u2192 uncles and aunts. The surviving spouse shares depending on who else is alive.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Why create a draft of a Thai Last Will now: A clear and well-made Thai Will can save your family time, stress, and money. It speeds up the probate process, lets you choose your executor, and helps protect mixed-nationality families from complications. It also avoids the delays and costs of translating or legalizing a foreign Will in Thailand. At ThaiLawOnline, our Will services are affordable and designed with your peace of mind in mind. Take the step to protect the people you love.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article is written by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/our-team\/\">Mr. S\u00e9bastien Brousseau, LL.B., B.Sc.<\/a>, 30 years in law and 20 years practising in Thailand. ThaiLawOnline has drafted hundreds of Thai wills since 2006, and not one has ever been invalidated by a Thai court. Co-written by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/team\/wichuda-atthamethakon\/\">Khun Wichuda Atthamethakon<\/a>, Thai lawyer and notary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"understanding-last-wills-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Understanding Last Wills in Thailand<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"what-is-a-last-will-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Last Will in Thailand?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Thai Last Will and Testament follows the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/\">Civil and Commercial Code of Thailand<\/a>. This code explains how to create and execute wills in the country. A will is a legal document. In it, a person called the testator shares their wishes. This is about how to distribute their assets in Thailand after they die.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unless rare exceptions, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/last-will-in-thailand\/\">valid will<\/a> must be in writing and dated when it is made. The testator must sign it in front of at least two witnesses. These witnesses must also sign their names. This ensures that the will is executed according to the legal standards set by the Thai legal system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"why-is-making-a-will-in-thailand-important\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why Is Making a Will in Thailand Important?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Drafting a last will in Thailand is crucial for several reasons. First, it gives clear information about how your assets in Thailand will be shared. This helps reduce possible disputes among heirs. If you do not have a valid Thai last will, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thailand-inheritance-guide-for-foreigners\/\">inheritance law<\/a> will decide how your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/estate\/\">estate<\/a> is shared. This may not match what you want.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"does-a-thai-will-avoid-probate\">Does a Thai Will avoid probate?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not automatically. A Will identifies your beneficiaries, their shares and the person you want to administer the estate. This usually makes the application clearer and reduces uncertainty among the family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on the assets and the institution holding them, the family may still need a Thai court order or other formal evidence of authority. Registered land and condominiums also involve Land Office procedures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A properly prepared Will makes estate administration clearer. It does not make every official procedure disappear. Read our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/probate-in-thailand-estate-administration\/\">Thai probate and estate-administrator guide<\/a> for the steps after death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Any person who is 15 years old or older can write a valid Last Will in Thailand. This is stated in section 25 of the Civil and Commercial Code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/creating-your-last-will-in-thailand-in-5-steps.png\" alt=\"How to make a will in Thailand in 5 steps, from listing Thai assets to signing before two witnesses\" class=\"wp-image-15782\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5491559086395232;width:788px;height:auto\" title=\"How to make a will in Thailand in 5 steps, from listing Thai assets to signing before two witnesses\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\" id=\"Process-to-create-a-last-Will-in-Thailand\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"what-makes-a-will-valid-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Makes a Will Valid in Thailand?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Four things, and each one is a separate provision of the Civil and Commercial Code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>It must take one of the five prescribed forms.<\/strong> <strong>Section 1655<\/strong> allows a will to be made only in a form set out in that Chapter, and <strong>Section 1705<\/strong> makes a will or a clause void if it is contrary to Sections 1652, 1653, 1656, 1657, 1658, 1660, 1661 or 1663. There is no residual category for a document that is nearly a will.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>You must be old enough and capable.<\/strong> Under <strong>Section 1703<\/strong> a will made by a person who has not completed fifteen years of age is void. Under <strong>Section 1704<\/strong> a will made by someone the court has adjudged incompetent is void, and a will made by someone alleged to be of unsound mind but not so adjudged is void only if it is proved that the testator was actually of unsound mind when it was made.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Your witnesses must qualify.<\/strong> <strong>Section 1670<\/strong> disqualifies three groups: people who have not reached majority, people of unsound mind or whom the court has adjudged quasi-incompetent, and people who are deaf, or dumb, or blind in both eyes. Note also <strong>Section 1666<\/strong>: the usual rule allowing a mark or thumbprint in place of a signature does not apply to witnesses signing under Sections 1656, 1658 and 1660, so your witnesses have to actually sign.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Your witnesses must not inherit.<\/strong> Under <strong>Section 1653<\/strong> the writer of a will, and any witness to it, cannot be a beneficiary under it, and the same bar applies to <strong>the spouse<\/strong> of the writer or witness. The gift fails; the rest of the will stands. This is the single most common defect in wills that expats prepare themselves.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"the-witness-age-trap-it-is-not-twenty\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The witness age trap: it is not twenty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most English guides say a will witness in Thailand must be at least twenty. That is a reasonable guess and it is not what the Code says. <strong>Section 1670(1)<\/strong> is a test of legal majority, not of age. Majority is reached at twenty under <strong>Section 19<\/strong>, but <strong>Section 20<\/strong> also makes a minor <em>sui juris<\/em> on marriage, provided the marriage complies with <strong>Section 1448<\/strong>. Since Section 1448 was replaced by the Civil and Commercial Code Amendment Act (No. 24) B.E. 2567, in force on <strong>23 January 2025<\/strong>, marriage requires both parties to have completed eighteen years. <strong>A married eighteen-year-old is therefore of full legal capacity and is a lawful witness to your will.<\/strong> An unmarried nineteen-year-old is not.<\/p>\n\n\n<style data-noptimize=\"1\">.tlo-lb{border:2px solid #1E3455;background:#fff;margin:28px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;color:#1b1b1b}.tlo-lb h2.tlo-lb-h{background:#1E3455;color:#fff;font-size:19px;line-height:1.3;margin:0;padding:12px 16px}.tlo-lb-tabs{position:relative;padding-top:44px;background:#fff}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:absolute;top:0;width:33.334%;height:44px;line-height:44px;text-align:center;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;background:#eef0f4;color:#1E3455;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:3px solid #1E3455}.tlo-lb-tab>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(1)>summary{left:0}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(2)>summary{left:33.333%}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(3)>summary{left:66.666%}.tlo-lb-tab[open]>summary{background:#fff;border-bottom-color:#FECB01}.tlo-lb summary:focus-visible,.tlo-lb a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #FECB01;outline-offset:-3px}.tlo-lb-sec{padding:14px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-sec h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 4px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-sec h3 small{font-weight:400;color:#555;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-sec p{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-text{white-space:pre-line;border-left:3px solid #FECB01;padding-left:12px;margin:0 0 6px}.tlo-lb-note{font-size:13px;color:#555;font-style:italic}.tlo-lb-badge{display:inline-block;background:#FECB01;color:#1E3455;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;padding:1px 7px;margin-left:6px}.tlo-lb-fold{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-fold>summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px}.tlo-lb-links a{margin-right:14px;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-cases,.tlo-lb-src{padding:14px 16px;background:#f6f7f9;border-top:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-cases h3,.tlo-lb-src h3{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 6px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-cases ul,.tlo-lb-src ul{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px;font-size:14px}.tlo-al{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:#444;margin:0 0 18px}.tlo-al details{margin-top:4px}.tlo-al summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455}.tlo-al ul{margin:6px 0 0 18px;padding:0}@media print{.tlo-lb{border:1px solid #000}.tlo-lb-tabs{padding-top:0}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.4;text-align:left;background:none;border:0}.tlo-lb details::details-content{content-visibility:visible;display:block}.tlo-lb-links a{color:#000}}<\/style><script data-noptimize=\"1\" data-no-optimize=\"1\">document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){(function(){var b=document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb-tabs\");b.forEach(function(g){var t=g.querySelectorAll(\":scope>details\");t.forEach(function(d){d.firstElementChild.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){if(d.open){e.preventDefault()}})})});var s=[];addEventListener(\"beforeprint\",function(){s=[];document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb details\").forEach(function(d){s.push([d,d.open,d.getAttribute(\"name\")]);d.removeAttribute(\"name\");d.open=true})});addEventListener(\"afterprint\",function(){s.forEach(function(x){x[0].open=x[1];if(x[2]){x[0].setAttribute(\"name\",x[2])}})})})();});<\/script><section class=\"tlo-lb notranslate\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation translate=\"no\" aria-label=\"\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\"><h2 class=\"tlo-lb-h\">\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/h2><div class=\"tlo-lb-tabs\"><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"en\" data-no-translation><summary>English<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1646<\/h3><p>Any person may make a will directing what is to happen to their property, and other matters, on their death. This section fixes no minimum age: testamentary capacity comes from s.25 and s.1703, under which a will made by a person who has not completed fifteen years of age is void.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Any person may, by will, declare an intention making dispositions, in contemplation of death, as to that person&#039;s own property or as to other matters, to take legal effect upon that person&#039;s death.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1646\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1653<\/h3><p>A person who writes a will, or who witnesses it, cannot take a benefit under that will, and the same bar applies to that person&#039;s spouse. Where a will is made orally under Section 1663, the competent official who records what the witnesses declare counts as the writer for this purpose. This is the rule most often overlooked when a family member writes out or witnesses a will: doing so defeats the gift intended for them or for their spouse.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">The writer of a will, or a witness to it, cannot be a beneficiary under that will.\n The preceding paragraph applies equally to the spouse of the writer of, or a witness to, the will.\n The competent official who records the terms of a will notified to him by witnesses under Section 1663 is deemed to be the writer of the will for the purposes of this Section.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1653\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1655<\/h3><p>A will may be made only in one of the forms prescribed in this Chapter. There is no valid will outside those forms, so a document expressing testamentary wishes but not complying with any prescribed form has no effect as a will. The forms are set out in Sections 1656 to 1663.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A will may be made only in one of the forms prescribed in this Chapter.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1655\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1656<\/h3><p>An ordinary written will must be made in writing, dated at the time it is made, and signed by the testator before at least two witnesses present at the same time, who must then and there sign to certify the testator&#039;s signature. An erasure, addition or other alteration is valid only if made in the same form.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A will may be made in the following form, namely: it must be made in writing and dated at the time of its making, and the testator must sign it before at least two witnesses present at the same time, who must then and there sign their names certifying the signature of the testator.\n No erasure, omission, addition or other alteration to such a will is valid unless it is made in the same form as is required by this section for the making of the will.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1656\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1657<\/h3><p>A holographic will must be written entirely in the testator&#039;s own hand: the whole text, the date and the signature. No witnesses are required, and an alteration is valid only if the testator makes it by hand and signs beside it.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A will may be made as a document written entirely by the testator, that is to say, the testator must write with their own hand the whole of the text, the date (day, month and year) and their signature.\n No erasure, omission, addition or other alteration of such a will is valid unless the testator has made it with their own hand and has signed beside it.\n Section 9 of this Code does not apply to a will made under this section.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1657\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1658<\/h3><p>A will may be made as a public document at the District Office. The testator declares the terms to the district officer before at least two witnesses present at the same time; the officer records the declaration and reads it back to the testator and the witnesses; when all are satisfied that the record matches what was declared, the testator and the witnesses sign; and the officer signs, dates and certifies in his own hand that these steps were followed, and affixes the official seal. No erasure, addition or other alteration is valid unless the testator, the witnesses and the district officer all sign beside it.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A will may be made as a public document, that is to say:\n (1) the testator must go to the district officer and declare, in the presence of at least two other witnesses present at the same time, the terms that the testator wishes to be included in the will;\n (2) the district officer must record the terms declared by the testator and read them to the testator and the witnesses;\n (3) when the testator and the witnesses have clearly ascertained that the terms recorded by the district officer correspond with those declared by the testator, the testator and the witnesses shall sign in evidence of it;\n (4) the district officer shall sign the record and date it (day, month and year), shall write on it in their own hand a certification that the will has been made in accordance with items (1) to (3) above, and shall affix the official seal.\n No erasure, omission, addition or other alteration of such a will is valid unless the testator, the witnesses and the district officer have signed beside it.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1658\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1660<\/h3><p>A secret will must be signed by the testator, sealed, and signed across the seal, then produced to the district officer and at least two witnesses with a declaration that it is the testator&#039;s will (naming the writer and the writer&#039;s domicile if the testator did not write it all). The officer records the declaration and the date on the envelope and affixes the official seal, and the officer, the testator and the witnesses sign the envelope. An alteration is valid only if the testator signs beside it.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A will may be made as a secret document, namely:\n (1) the testator must sign the will;\n (2) the testator must seal the will and sign across the seal;\n (3) the testator must produce the sealed will to the district officer and at least two other witnesses, and must declare to all of them that it is his will. If the will was not written throughout by the testator himself, he must also state the name and domicile of the writer;\n (4) after the district officer has recorded on the envelope the testator&#039;s declaration and the date on which the will was produced, and has affixed his official seal, the district officer, the testator and the witnesses must sign the envelope.\n No erasure, omission, addition or other alteration to such a will is valid unless the testator has signed his name beside it.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1660\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1663<\/h3><p>Where special circumstances make it impossible to use any other form, such as imminent danger of death, an epidemic or a war, a will may be made orally. The testator must declare its terms before at least two witnesses present at the same time and place. Those witnesses must without delay go to the district officer and declare what the testator ordered, together with the date, the place and the special circumstances. The district officer records the declaration and the two witnesses sign; a thumbprint certified by two witnesses&#039; signatures will serve instead of a signature.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Where there are special circumstances in which a person is unable to make a will in any of the other prescribed forms, such as being in imminent danger of death, or during an epidemic or a war, that person may make a will orally.\n For this purpose, the testator must declare their testamentary dispositions in the presence of at least two witnesses present together at that place.\n Those two witnesses must, without delay, present themselves to the district officer and declare the terms that the testator ordered orally, and must also state the date, the place where the will was made and the special circumstances.\n The district officer shall record what the witnesses declare, and the two witnesses must sign it; otherwise, only a fingerprint certified by the signatures of two witnesses may be treated as equivalent to a signature.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1663\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1670<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">The following persons cannot be witnesses to the making of a will:\n (1) a person who has not yet attained majority;\n (2) a person of unsound mind, or a person whom the court has ordered to be quasi-incompetent;\n (3) a person who is deaf, mute or blind in both eyes.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1670\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1703<\/h3><p>A will made by a person who has not completed his fifteenth year of age is void. Fifteen is therefore the age of testamentary capacity in Thai law, and it is lower than the age of majority: a person aged fifteen or over may make a valid will even though still a minor.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A will made by a person who has not yet reached fifteen full years of age is void.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1703\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1705<\/h3><p>A will, or any clause in it, is void if it contravenes Section 1652, 1653, 1656, 1657, 1658, 1660, 1661 or 1663. The list is closed and covers the bar on a ward making a will in favour of the guardian or the guardian&#039;s close relatives before the guardianship account is rendered (Section 1652), the bar on the writer, the witnesses and their spouses taking a benefit (Section 1653), and the formal requirements for each type of will. Because the section applies to a clause as well as to a whole will, a single offending gift can fail while the rest of the will stands.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A will or a testamentary disposition made contrary to the provisions of section 1652, 1653, 1656, 1657, 1658, 1660, 1661 or 1663 is void.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1705\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"th\" data-no-translation open><summary>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1646<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14\u0e08\u0e30\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e40\u0e08\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21 \u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e1c\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07 \u0e46 \u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e08\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e14\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e19\u0e15\u0e32\u0e22\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1646\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1653<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e43\u0e19\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e01\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 \u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e19\u0e33\u0e21\u0e32\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e56\u0e53 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1653\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1655<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e01\u0e47\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e14\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e27\u0e14\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1655\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1656<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e04\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e25\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19 \u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e43\u0e19\u0e02\u0e13\u0e30\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e02\u0e13\u0e30\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\n\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e39\u0e14\u0e25\u0e1a \u0e15\u0e01 \u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e14\u0e35\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1656\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1657<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e04\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e14 \u0e27\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19 \u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19\n\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e39\u0e14\u0e25\u0e1a \u0e15\u0e01 \u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\n\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e59 \u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1657\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1658<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e04\u0e37\u0e2d\n(\u0e51) \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e15\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c\u0e08\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\n(\u0e52) \u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e08\u0e14\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e25\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e1f\u0e31\u0e07\n(\u0e53) \u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e17\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e19\u0e48\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e14\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e14\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e04\u0e31\u0e0d\n(\u0e54) \u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e14\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e25\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19 \u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e08\u0e14\u0e25\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e15\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e04\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 \u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34 (\u0e51) \u0e16\u0e36\u0e07 (\u0e53) \u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e15\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e15\u0e33\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e04\u0e31\u0e0d\n\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e39\u0e14\u0e25\u0e1a \u0e15\u0e01 \u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21 \u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1658\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1660<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27\u0e04\u0e37\u0e2d(\u0e51) \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21(\u0e52) \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e19\u0e36\u0e01\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e1c\u0e19\u0e36\u0e01\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19(\u0e53) \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e19\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e19\u0e36\u0e01\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e04\u0e33\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e14\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e19\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e20\u0e39\u0e21\u0e34\u0e25\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e32\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22(\u0e54) \u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e14\u0e16\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e04\u0e33\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19 \u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e19\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e15\u0e33\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e39\u0e14\u0e25\u0e1a \u0e15\u0e01 \u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e19\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1660\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1663<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e40\u0e28\u0e29\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e15\u0e01\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e01\u0e25\u0e49\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e15\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e42\u0e23\u0e04\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e14 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e07\u0e04\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21 \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e27\u0e32\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e40\u0e08\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e13 \u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\n\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e21\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e01\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e32\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e27\u0e32\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e27\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19 \u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e2a\u0e16\u0e32\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e40\u0e28\u0e29\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\n\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e14\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e41\u0e08\u0e49\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e34\u0e09\u0e30\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e08\u0e30\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e01\u0e47\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e21\u0e1e\u0e4c\u0e19\u0e34\u0e49\u0e27\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1663\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1670<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n(\u0e51) \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e23\u0e25\u0e38\u0e19\u0e34\u0e15\u0e34\u0e20\u0e32\u0e27\u0e30\n(\u0e52) \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e27\u0e34\u0e01\u0e25\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e44\u0e23\u0e49\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\n(\u0e53) \u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2b\u0e39\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e27\u0e01 \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e49 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e38\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1670\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1703<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e22\u0e38\u0e22\u0e31\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e04\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1b\u0e35\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e42\u0e21\u0e06\u0e30<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1703\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1705<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e02\u0e31\u0e14\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e55\u0e52 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e55\u0e53 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e55\u0e56 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e55\u0e57 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e55\u0e58 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e56\u0e50 \u0e51\u0e56\u0e56\u0e51 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d \u0e51\u0e56\u0e56\u0e53 \u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e42\u0e21\u0e06\u0e30<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e10\u0e32\u0e19\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e42\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e14\u0e15\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 (Thai text from our annotated code. Check it against the official text.)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1705\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"fr\" data-no-translation><summary>Fran\u00e7ais<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1646<\/h3><p>Toute personne peut, par testament, d\u00e9clarer sa volont\u00e9 en disposant, pour cause de mort, de ses propres biens ou d&#039;autres mati\u00e8res, ces dispositions devant produire effet conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi \u00e0 son d\u00e9c\u00e8s.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1646\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1653<\/h3><p>Le r\u00e9dacteur ou un t\u00e9moin du testament, ainsi que leur conjoint, ne peuvent en \u00eatre b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires. L&#039;agent qui a consign\u00e9 les dispositions rapport\u00e9es par les t\u00e9moins selon l&#039;article 1663 est r\u00e9put\u00e9 r\u00e9dacteur.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1653\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1655<\/h3><p>Le testament ne peut \u00eatre fait que dans l&#039;une des formes pr\u00e9vues au pr\u00e9sent chapitre.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1655\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1656<\/h3><p>Le testament peut \u00eatre fait dans la forme suivante, \u00e0 savoir : il doit \u00eatre fait par \u00e9crit et dat\u00e9 du jour, du mois et de l&#039;ann\u00e9e au moment de sa confection, et le testateur doit le signer devant au moins deux t\u00e9moins pr\u00e9sents simultan\u00e9ment, lesquels doivent alors, au m\u00eame moment, apposer leur signature pour attester la signature du testateur.\n\nTout grattage, omission, ajout ou autre modification apport\u00e9 \u00e0 ce testament est sans effet, \u00e0 moins d&#039;avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 fait dans la m\u00eame forme que celle prescrite par le pr\u00e9sent article pour la confection du testament.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1656\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1657<\/h3><p>Le testament peut \u00eatre fait sous la forme d&#039;un acte enti\u00e8rement \u00e9crit par le testateur, c&#039;est-\u00e0-dire que le testateur doit \u00e9crire de sa propre main la totalit\u00e9 du texte, la date (jour, mois et ann\u00e9e) et sa signature.\n\nAucun grattage, retranchement, ajout ou autre modification apport\u00e9 \u00e0 ce testament n&#039;est valable, \u00e0 moins que le testateur ne l&#039;ait fait de sa propre main et ne l&#039;ait contresign\u00e9.\n\nL&#039;article 9 du pr\u00e9sent Code ne s&#039;applique pas au testament fait conform\u00e9ment au pr\u00e9sent article.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1657\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1658<\/h3><p>Le testament peut \u00eatre fait en la forme d&#039;un acte public, c&#039;est-\u00e0-dire :\n\n(1) le testateur doit se rendre aupr\u00e8s de l&#039;officier de district et lui d\u00e9clarer, en pr\u00e9sence d&#039;au moins deux autres t\u00e9moins pr\u00e9sents simultan\u00e9ment, les dispositions qu&#039;il souhaite voir ins\u00e9rer dans son testament ;\n\n(2) l&#039;officier de district doit consigner par \u00e9crit les dispositions ainsi d\u00e9clar\u00e9es par le testateur et en donner lecture au testateur et aux t\u00e9moins ;\n\n(3) lorsque le testateur et les t\u00e9moins se sont clairement assur\u00e9s que le texte consign\u00e9 par l&#039;officier de district correspond exactement \u00e0 ce que le testateur a d\u00e9clar\u00e9, le testateur et les t\u00e9moins y apposent leur signature ;\n\n(4) l&#039;officier de district signe le texte consign\u00e9 et le date (jour, mois et ann\u00e9e), y atteste de sa propre main que le testament a \u00e9t\u00e9 fait conform\u00e9ment aux points (1) \u00e0 (3) ci-dessus, puis y appose le sceau de sa fonction.\n\nAucun grattage, retranchement, ajout ou autre modification apport\u00e9 \u00e0 ce testament n&#039;est valable, \u00e0 moins que le testateur, les t\u00e9moins et l&#039;officier de district ne l&#039;aient contresign\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1658\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1660<\/h3><p>Testament secret : sign\u00e9, scell\u00e9, sign\u00e9 sur le scell\u00e9 par le testateur, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 l&#039;officier de district et \u00e0 deux t\u00e9moins au moins, d\u00e9clar\u00e9 sien, avec nom et domicile de tout autre r\u00e9dacteur. L&#039;officier annote, date et scelle l&#039;enveloppe ; tous la signent. Modification valable si le testateur signe.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1660\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1663<\/h3><p>Lorsqu&#039;en raison de circonstances sp\u00e9ciales une personne est dans l&#039;impossibilit\u00e9 de tester dans l&#039;une des autres formes prescrites, notamment parce qu&#039;elle se trouve en danger imminent de mort, ou en temps d&#039;\u00e9pid\u00e9mie ou de guerre, cette personne peut tester oralement.\n\n\u00c0 cet effet, le testateur doit d\u00e9clarer ses dispositions testamentaires en pr\u00e9sence d&#039;au moins deux t\u00e9moins pr\u00e9sents ensemble en ce lieu.\n\nCes deux t\u00e9moins doivent, sans d\u00e9lai, se pr\u00e9senter devant l&#039;officier de district et lui d\u00e9clarer les dispositions que le testateur a prises oralement, en indiquant en outre la date, le lieu o\u00f9 le testament a \u00e9t\u00e9 fait et les circonstances sp\u00e9ciales.\n\nL&#039;officier de district consigne par \u00e9crit la d\u00e9claration des t\u00e9moins, et ces deux t\u00e9moins doivent la signer ; \u00e0 d\u00e9faut, seule l&#039;apposition d&#039;une empreinte digitale, certifi\u00e9e par la signature de deux t\u00e9moins, peut tenir lieu de signature.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1663\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1670<\/h3><p>Ne peuvent \u00eatre t\u00e9moins lors de la confection d&#039;un testament les personnes suivantes :\n\n(1) la personne qui n&#039;a pas encore atteint la majorit\u00e9 ;\n\n(2) la personne ali\u00e9n\u00e9e, ou la personne que le tribunal a d\u00e9clar\u00e9e quasi incapable ;\n\n(3) la personne sourde, muette ou aveugle des deux yeux.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1670\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1703<\/h3><p>Le testament fait par une personne n&#039;ayant pas quinze ans r\u00e9volus est nul.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1703\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1705<\/h3><p>Le testament ou la disposition testamentaire fait en violation des articles 1652, 1653, 1656, 1657, 1658, 1660, 1661 ou 1663 est nul.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1705\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-cases\"><h3>\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/supreme-court-decisions\/1396-2518-secret-will-validity\/\">1396\/2518<\/a> (1975): \u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1a \u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-src\"><h3>\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e13\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e22\u0e4c, Office of the Council of State<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><li>deka.supremecourt.or.th, Supreme Court of Thailand decisions database (copy held in our library), \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 19 \u0e01\u0e38\u0e21\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e18\u0e4c 2569<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<h2 id=\"how-to-write-a-will-in-thailand-step-by-step\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Write a Will in Thailand: Step by Step<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>To write a valid will in Thailand, put it in writing, date it, and sign it in front of at least two witnesses who are present at the same time and sign it then and there<\/strong> (Civil and Commercial Code, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1656\/\">Section 1656<\/a>). The one exception is a will you write entirely in your own hand, including the date and your signature, which needs no witnesses (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1657\/\">Section 1657<\/a>). Any later erasure, addition or change is valid only if it is made with the same formalities. In practice, work through these six steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>List your Thai assets.<\/strong> Bank accounts, a condominium unit, vehicles, company shares, insurance policies, leases and usufructs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Choose your heirs and their shares.<\/strong> Name every beneficiary precisely (full name, passport or ID number, relationship) and name alternates in case an heir dies first.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Appoint an executor.<\/strong> The court formally appoints the estate administrator, but the person you name in the will is normally the person the court appoints.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Have it drafted in English and Thai.<\/strong> Thai courts work in Thai. A bilingual will avoids a translation fight after your death.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sign in front of two witnesses.<\/strong> You and both witnesses sign the same document, at the same time, in the same place (Section 1656). Never use a beneficiary, or a beneficiary&#8217;s spouse, as a witness: that gift is void (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1653\/\">Section 1653<\/a>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Store it where it will be found.<\/strong> A will nobody can produce is a will that does not exist. See our <a href=\"#secure-will-storage-in-thailand-peace-of-mind-for-life\">secure storage service<\/a> (1,000 THB, unlimited time).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">Hiring a law firm like ThaiLawOnline can give you helpful advice. They can make sure your document meets all legal rules. Remember that we have experience and we only ask 3,900 baht, a fraction of other law firms. Many law firms in Thailand still ask 10,000 or 20,000 baht or more. We learned to use technology and stream our work. This helps us offer better prices without lowering quality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"get-your-thai-will-three-ways\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Get Your Thai Will: Three Ways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is no single right way to make a will in Thailand. Pick the one that matches your estate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Pattaya? See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/last-will-in-pattaya\/\">last will in Pattaya<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whichever route you choose, the signing rules are identical, and they are where most wills fail. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-will-template\/#common-mistakes-to-avoid-when-making-a-last-will-in-thailand\">common mistakes<\/a> before you sign anything.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"can-foreigners-draft-a-will-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Can Foreigners Draft a Will in Thailand?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes, foreigners can draft a will in Thailand to cover their assets located in the country. Foreigners should make a separate will for their Thai assets. This will be different from their will in their home country. Doing this can help avoid problems during probate. Hiring a law firm that knows international estate planning can help make sure the will meets Thai laws and the person\u2019s wishes. Good lawyers can do more than write great documents; they can assist in drafting last will and testament to ensure your wishes are honored. They can help you save on taxes. They can also give advice about children and other important matters. This includes funerals and what a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/living-will-in-thailand\/\">Thailand Living Will<\/a>\u201d is.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"different-forms-of-wills-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Five Types of Wills Under Thai Law<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thai law recognises five forms of will. For a foreigner, the choice is almost always the ordinary written will, but the other four matter when circumstances are unusual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Read more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/will\/\">last will meaning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/holographic-will\/\">the holographic will<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"ordinary-will-\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e14\u0e32\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ordinary Will (\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e14\u0e32)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the most common form. It requires the will to be in writing, dated, and signed by the testator. The testator must sign in front of at least two witnesses. These witnesses must also sign to confirm the testator\u2019s signature (Civil and Commercial Code, Section 1656). Warning: Wills have specific rules that must be followed. If these rules are not respected, the document may be declared void.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"holographic-will-\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Holographic Will (\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This form needs the whole document. It must include the date and signature. The testator must handwrite it (Civil and Commercial Code, Section 1657). It does not need witnesses. This is the weakest form of Last Will in Thailand and can be contested in Court more easily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"public-document-will-\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e19\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Public Document Will (\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e19)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Made at a district office or khet office before the officer and two witnesses. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/public-will\/\">How a public document will works<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"secret-document-will-\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1a\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Secret Document Will (\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1a)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A sealed will whose contents stay private, lodged with the district office. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/secret-will\/\">How a secret document will works<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"oral-will-\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e27\u0e32\u0e08\u0e32\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">O<strong>ral Will (\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e19\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e27\u0e32\u0e08\u0e32)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Allowed only in special circumstances in which no other form is possible, such as imminent danger of death, an epidemic or a war. The governing provision is <strong>Section 1663<\/strong>, not the whole run of Sections 1655 to 1672. You must declare the terms before at least two witnesses present at the same time and place, and those two must then present themselves to the district officer without delay and state what you ordered, together with the date, the place and the special circumstances. The officer records what they say and the two witnesses sign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/last-will-in-thailand.png\" alt=\"Bilingual English and Thai last will document prepared for a foreigner in Thailand\" class=\"wp-image-15204\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.4641586171835281;width:755px;height:auto\" title=\"Last Will in Thailand\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\" id=\"Last-Will-in-Thailand\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"inheritance-and-assets-distribution-under-thai-law\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inheritance and assets distribution under Thai Law<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"who-can-be-an-heir-under-thai-inheritance-laws\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Who Can Be an Heir Under Thai Inheritance Laws<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Thailand, a person can inherit in two ways after someone dies. They can be named in a Last Will, called a \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/legatee\/\">legatee<\/a>.\u2019 Or, they can inherit automatically under Thai law. The second type is called a statutory heir, and we\u2019ll explain that more below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"understanding-the-six-classes-of-statutory-heirs\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Understanding the Six Classes of Statutory Heirs<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Thailand, there are six <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thailand-inheritance-guide-for-foreigners\/#statutory-heirs\">classes of statutory heirs<\/a>. Each class has the right to inherit in a specific order. This is outlined in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/classes-of-heirs\/\">section 1629<\/a> of the Civil and Commercial Code (CCC)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Descendants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Parents<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Brothers and Sisters of full blood<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Brothers and Sisters of half blood<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grandfathers and Grandmothers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uncles and Aunts<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The surviving spouse is also a statutory heir (Section 1635 CCC). It must be a legal and registered marriage. These classes include descendants, parents, full-blood siblings, half-blood siblings, grandparents, and uncles and aunts, as well as the legal spouse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-happens-if-you-die-without-a-thai-will\">What happens if you die without a Thai will<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Without a valid will, your Thai assets go to your statutory heirs under section 1629 of the Civil and Commercial Code, in six classes: descendants, parents, brothers and sisters of full blood, brothers and sisters of half blood, grandparents, and uncles and aunts. A surviving spouse is also a statutory heir (section 1635). An unregistered partner inherits nothing, and an administrator usually has to be appointed by a court before a bank or Land Office will release anything.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a person dies in Thailand without a will, their assets are shared based on Thai inheritance law. This means that legal heirs will automatically inherit the estate as per the effect according to the law. They will do so in the order set by the Civil and Commercial Code. While this provides a clear framework for asset distribution, it may not align with the deceased\u2019s personal wishes. Therefore, drafting a will is crucial to ensure that your estate is managed and distributed as you desire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thailand-inheritance-guide-for-foreigners\/\">inheritance guide for foreigners<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/if-you-die-without-a-will-in-thailand\/\">what happens to your assets if you die without a will in Thailand<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/statutory-heir\/\">the statutory heir<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"how-can-foreigners-inherit-land-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Can Foreigners Inherit Land in Thailand?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A foreigner can inherit Thai land as a statutory heir, but owning it is a different matter, and the land usually has to be sold. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/inheriting-property-in-thailand-foreign-heirs\/\">inheriting property in Thailand as a foreign heir<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/can-a-foreigner-inherit-land-in-thailand\/\">can a foreigner inherit land in Thailand<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"managing-your-thai-will\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Managing your Thai Will<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"how-to-update-or-revoke-a-thai-last-will\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How to Update or Revoke a Thai Last Will?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To update or revoke a last will in Thailand, you must create a new will that explicitly states the revocation of all previous wills.&nbsp; Alternatively, a formal revocation document can be created and similarly witnessed. It is wise to talk to a law firm. This will help make sure that any updates or changes are legal. They will also ensure that these changes match your current wishes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"secure-will-storage-in-thailand-peace-of-mind-for-life\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Secure Will Storage Services in Thailand<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">District-office wills and private will storage serve different purposes. Foreign nationals are not excluded from making a public-document or secret-document will at an amphur or khet office. The formalities and the 2026 district-office procedure are explained above. For a privately signed will, keep the original safe and tell your executor where to obtain it. ThaiLawOnline offers storage of the original for <strong>1,000 baht<\/strong>; ask us to confirm the deposit, retrieval and release arrangements before handing over your documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"cost\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Much Does a Will Cost in Thailand? (2026 Fees)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><p>A bilingual Thai-English Last Will costs 3,900 THB for one person. Thai-only drafting is 2,500 THB per person. These are separate drafting options.<\/p><p>A Living Will costs 1,900 THB on its own. A bilingual Last Will and Living Will together cost 5,000 THB for one person. Storage of your signed original is a separate, one-time charge of 1,000 THB, with no annual storage charge.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Service<\/th>\n<th>Fixed fee<\/th>\n<th>What it covers<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><strong>Last Will, Thai only<\/strong><\/td><td>2,500 THB per person<\/td><td>Thai drafting without an English version.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Last Will, bilingual English and Thai<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>3,900 THB<\/td>\n<td>Personalised clauses, heirs and shares, executor, guardianship provisions, signing checklist<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/living-will-in-thailand\/\"><strong>Living Will<\/strong><\/a> (advance medical directive), on its own<\/td>\n<td>1,900 THB<\/td>\n<td>Advance refusal of burdensome treatment, comfort-care instructions, witness wording compliant with the 2010 Regulation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Living Will added to a Last Will order<\/td>\n<td>1,100 THB<\/td>\n<td>Same document, discounted when ordered together<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Last Will and Living Will together<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>5,000 THB<\/td>\n<td>Both documents, one signing session<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Secure will storage<\/td>\n<td>1,000 THB<\/td>\n<td>Unlimited storage of the original, retrievable by your executor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Paid consultation, complex estates<\/td>\n<td>2,000 THB<\/td>\n<td>Company shares, cross-border assets, contested family situations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Full breakdown on our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/will-cost-thailand\/\">will cost page for 2026<\/a>, and every published fee on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/legal-fees\/\">legal fees page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"tlo-buy\"><h2 class=\"tlo-buy__title\" id=\"your-thai-will-prepared-around-your-instructions\">Your Thai Will, prepared around your instructions<\/h2><p class=\"tlo-buy__lead\">Our individual Last Will drafting service costs 3,900 THB and includes Thai and English wording, personalised provisions, and written signing instructions in both languages. The first draft is usually ready within three to five working days after payment and receipt of all required information. This is the drafting period, not a promise that review, revisions, and signing will all be completed within the same period.<\/p><p id=\"thai-only-will\"><strong>Available now: Thai-only Last Will, 2,500 THB per person.<\/strong> The document is in Thai only, without an English version. Our bilingual Thai-English service remains available at 3,900 THB. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/contact-us\/\">Contact us<\/a> to confirm availability, required information and the delivery timetable before paying.<\/p><ul class=\"tlo-buy__list\"><li class=\"tlo-buy__card\"><span class=\"tlo-buy__name\">Last Will and Testament, drafted by our lawyers<\/span><span class=\"tlo-buy__price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&#3647;<\/span>3,900<\/span><\/span><span class=\"tlo-buy__short\">Personalised Thai-English Last Will drafting with written signing instructions. First draft usually within three to five working days after payment and complete information. Review the draft and request corrections before signing.<\/span><a class=\"tlo-buy__cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/product\/last-will-and-testament-drafted-by-our-lawyers\/\">See what is included<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tlo-buy__card\"><span class=\"tlo-buy__name\">Last Will and Living Will bundle<\/span><span class=\"tlo-buy__price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&#3647;<\/span>5,000<\/span><\/span><span class=\"tlo-buy__short\">Your Last Will and your advance medical directive, drafted together. Saves 800 baht against buying them separately.<\/span><a class=\"tlo-buy__cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/product\/last-will-and-living-will-bundle\/\">See what is included<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tlo-buy__card\"><span class=\"tlo-buy__name\">International Estate Will, assets in more than one country<\/span><span class=\"tlo-buy__price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&#3647;<\/span>15,000<\/span><\/span><span class=\"tlo-buy__short\">For clients who own assets in Thailand and abroad. Includes a consultation on how your Thai will interacts with your foreign estate, and written coordination notes for your lawyer at home.<\/span><a class=\"tlo-buy__cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/product\/international-estate-will-assets-in-more-than-one-country\/\">See what is included<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h3>What happens after I receive the draft?<\/h3><p>Check every name, identification number, address, asset description, beneficiary\u2019s share, and executor appointment. Confirm that the document reflects your wishes and tell us about corrections before signing.<\/p><p>We provide written signing instructions with the final documents. Read those instructions before arranging the signing. If your intended signing date changes, contact us before proceeding.<\/p><p>To begin, use our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/last-will-maker\/\">Will drafting service<\/a>. Have your identification, current address, beneficiary and executor details, and instructions for your Thai assets ready.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-buy__escape\">Not sure which one fits? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/book-consultation\/\">Book a 2,000 baht consultation<\/a> and we credit it against your fee if you go ahead.<\/p><style>\n.tlo-buy{border:1px solid #e2e5ea;border-radius:8px;padding:1.5rem;margin:2rem 0;background:#fbfcfd}\n.tlo-buy__title{margin:0 0 .35rem;font-size:1.35rem}\n.tlo-buy__lead{margin:0 0 1.25rem;color:#4b5563}\n.tlo-buy__list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:1rem;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(230px,1fr))}\n.tlo-buy__card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.4rem;border:1px solid #e2e5ea;border-radius:6px;padding:1rem;background:#fff}\n.tlo-buy__name{font-weight:700;line-height:1.3}\n.tlo-buy__price{font-size:1.2rem;color:#1d4ed8;font-weight:700}\n.tlo-buy__short{font-size:.87rem;color:#4b5563;flex:1}\n.tlo-buy__cta{display:inline-block;margin-top:.5rem;padding:.6rem 1rem;border-radius:5px;background:#1d4ed8;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;text-align:center;font-weight:600}\n.tlo-buy__escape{margin:1.25rem 0 0;font-size:.9rem;color:#4b5563}\n<\/style><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"comprehensive-estate-planning-solution-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comprehensive estate planning solution in Thailand<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"last-will-living-will-in-thailand-complete-package\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Last Will &amp; <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/living-will-in-thailand\/\"><strong>Living Will<\/strong> in Thailand<\/a> (complete package)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you already plan to prepare a Last Will, consider adding a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/living-will-in-thailand\/\">Living Will Thailand<\/a> at the same time. A Living Will (advance medical directive) states your wishes for medical care if you lose capacity. Your Last Will tells how to distribute your estate. Together, they create a stronger estate-planning strategy. This strategy protects your assets and healthcare choices in every province of Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Read more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/living-will-in-thailand\/\">living will in Thailand<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/product\/last-will-and-living-will-bundle\/\">the will and living will bundle<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"get-started-secure-your-legacy-in-thailand\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Get Started: Secure Your Legacy in Thailand<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Last Will is too important for generic, AI-generated, or copy-paste forms. Our Last Will templates are drafted and maintained by Thai lawyers, and for complex estates our lawyers also provide full custom drafting and review. Ensure your final wishes are legally binding, clearly drafted to your needs, and provide peace of mind for your loved ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">You can email us directly (info@thailawonline.com) to begin the process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-3e41869c wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"mailto:info@thailawonline.com\">Email us<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Fixed fee service: 3,900 THB<\/strong>, bilingual English and Thai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hundreds of wills drafted since 2006, and not one has ever been invalidated by a Thai court. Every clause is checked against our database of more than 84,000 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/last-will-in-thailand\/supreme-court-decisions-last-will-thailand\/\">Thai Supreme Court decisions<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We have a simple refund policy. You can get a full refund within 7 days of receiving your order if you are not happy with our service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Already have a Thai will? Marriage, divorce, a new child or new property can leave it out of date. See how to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/update-will-thailand\/\">update your will in Thailand<\/a>, with safekeeping of the original for 1,000 THB once.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"making-a-will-in-thailand-faq\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Making a Will in Thailand: FAQ<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-b399ee77c0557\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What are the inheritance rules in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Thai law lets you leave your estate by will. Without a will, the estate goes to the statutory heirs in the six classes of section 1629, with the surviving spouse sharing under section 1635. A closer class excludes the classes after it, except that descendants and parents share. A married person can only leave their own share of marital property. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thailand-inheritance-guide-for-foreigners\/\">Read our inheritance guide<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1739393426977\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>What happens if there is no last will and testament?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>If there is no will in Thailand, the estate will be divided by the civil code rules. This might not align with the deceased\u2019s wishes, highlighting the importance of making a last will in Thailand.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-avoid-court\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Does a Thai Will let my family avoid court?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>A Thai Will does not automatically eliminate court or administrative procedures. It identifies your chosen beneficiaries and preferred estate administrator, which can make the process clearer and reduce disputes. A court order or other formal evidence may still be required depending on the estate\u2019s assets and the institution dealing with them.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1739393483955\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Can a Thailand last will and testament include assets outside Thailand?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>A Thailand last will and testament can include assets from other countries. It is best to get legal advice. This helps address any international legal issues. It also ensures the will is recognized in other places.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-cost-of-will\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>How much does it cost to make a will in Thailand?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Our bilingual Thai-English Last Will costs 3,900 THB for one person. Thai-only drafting is 2,500 THB per person, without an English version. A Living Will costs 1,900 THB separately, or 5,000 THB together with a bilingual Last Will. Original-document storage is a separate, one-time charge of 1,000 THB. See the <a href=\"#cost\">fee table<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-diy-will\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Can I write my own will in Thailand without a lawyer?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes. Thai law allows a holographic will under Section 1657: you write the entire document by hand, date it, and sign it. No witnesses are needed. It is legally valid, and it is also the weakest form of will in Thai practice. It fails when the handwriting is disputed, when the date is missing, when the wording is ambiguous, or when nobody can find it. Our Supreme Court research shows handwriting and signing defects, not unfair distributions, are what actually void wills. If you write your own, at minimum have it reviewed.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-notarize\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Does a Thai will need to be notarized?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>No. Thai law does not require notarisation of a will. What it requires is the correct signing formality: for an ordinary will, your signature in front of two witnesses who sign as well (Section 1656). Notarisation is sometimes useful for a separate purpose, such as proving your signature to a foreign bank or a foreign court, and our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/notary-services-thailand\/\">notarial services attorney<\/a> can do that. But a will is not invalid for lack of a notary.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-foreign-will-valid\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Is my foreign will valid in Thailand?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Often yes. Which country\u2019s law decides whether your foreign will is valid is settled by Thailand\u2019s Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481, and Thai courts do apply it to foreign estates (see, for example, Supreme Court decision 4027\/2545, on the powers of the administrator of a British national\u2019s estate). Note that Civil and Commercial Code Section 1667, often cited on this point, is about <em>Thai nationals<\/em> making a will abroad, not foreigners. The problem is practical, not legal: the foreign will has to be produced, translated, legalised, and proved to a Thai court before the estate can be distributed, which routinely adds months and legal fees. A short separate Thai will covering only your Thai assets avoids all of that. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-will-and-foreign-will\/\">which country\u2019s law governs which asset<\/a>. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/probate-foreign-will-thailand\/\">probate of a foreign will in Thailand<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-two-wills\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Do I need both a Thai will and a will in my home country?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Usually yes, and they must be drafted to work together. The standard trap is the revocation clause: a later will at home saying \u201cI revoke all previous wills\u201d can wipe out your Thai will without anyone intending it. Each will should be expressly limited in scope, so the Thai will covers your Thai assets and the home-country will covers everything else, with each acknowledging the other. Full analysis: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-will-and-foreign-will\/\">do you need a Thai will and a will at home<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-spouse-witness\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Can my Thai wife, husband or partner be a witness to my will?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Not if they inherit under it. Section 1653 makes a gift to a witness, or to the spouse of a witness, void, even though the rest of the will stands. This is the single most common defect we see in wills that expats prepared themselves: the beneficiary spouse signs as a witness, and the gift to that spouse fails. Use two neutral witnesses aged 20 or over who receive nothing under the will.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"other-links\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other links<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bora.dopa.go.th\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Last Will in Thailand by the Amphur at the Bureau of Regional Administration<\/a> (Thai language)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Will-Signing-Guide-EN-TH-2026.pdf\">Free signing guide for Last Wills and Living Wills: witnesses, presence, signatures and storage (PDF, 2026)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thailand-inheritance-guide-for-foreigners\/\">Inheritance for Foreigners in Thailand : Full Guide by ThaiLawOnline<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-will-template\/\">Thai will template: free bilingual sample and clause-by-clause walkthrough<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-will-and-foreign-will\/\">Thai will and foreign will: which law applies, and the revocation trap<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ratchakitcha.soc.go.th\/documents\/102677.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Updated Regulation for Public Wills from 2026<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How much does a Thai will cost?<\/strong> A bilingual Last Will is a fixed 3,900 THB, a living will 1,900 THB. See the full <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/will-cost-thailand\/\">will cost breakdown (2026)<\/a> or all our fixed fees on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/legal-fees\/\">legal fees page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"what-the-thai-supreme-court-says-about-last-wills\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What the Thai Supreme Court Says About Last Wills<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statutes tell you how a will should be made. The Supreme Court of Thailand (\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32) tells you how wills actually fail. We analyzed <strong>more than 75 Supreme Court (Dika) decisions on wills and succession<\/strong> from our in-house database of more than 77,000 Supreme Court decisions spanning 1936 to 2026: and eight rules decide most disputes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The one-sitting rule kills more wills than forgery does.<\/strong> The testator and both witnesses must sign together, in one ceremony. A will signed in instalments is void and can never be ratified afterwards (Dika 997\/2549; Dika 11034\/2553).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A beneficiary, or a beneficiary\u2019s spouse, who witnesses the will loses the gift<\/strong> (Dika 4001\/2545). Being present in the room is fine (Dika 5404\/2533); signing is fatal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A married testator can only give away half.<\/strong> A will reaches only the testator\u2019s own share of marital property, whatever it says (Dika 899-900\/2509).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We published the full stories, including why your foreign heirs <em>can<\/em> inherit Thai land (Dika 7200\/2540), the new 2026 district-office rules, and why trusts are void in Thai wills (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1686\/\">Section 1686<\/a>), in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/last-will-in-thailand\/supreme-court-decisions-last-will-thailand\/\"><strong>10 Thai Supreme Court decisions every foreigner making a will should know<\/strong><\/a>. To our knowledge it is the only case-law resource of its kind in English, drawn from our own database of Supreme Court judgments. Every will we draft is checked against this case law, not just the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/book-6-succession\/\">Civil and Commercial Code<\/a>. That is the difference between a template and legal work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"our-fees\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Our fees for a Thai will<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"tlo-trust-fees\">\n            \n            <div class=\"tlo-trust-fees__scroll\">\n                <table class=\"tlo-trust-fees__table\">\n                    <thead>\n                        <tr>\n                            <th scope=\"col\">\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/th>\n                            <th scope=\"col\">\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22<\/th>\n                            <th scope=\"col\">\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e23\u0e27\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e34\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/th>\n                            <th scope=\"col\">\u0e23\u0e30\u0e22\u0e30\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32<\/th>\n                        <\/tr>\n                    <\/thead>\n                    <tbody>\n                                            <tr>\n                            <th scope=\"row\" class=\"tlo-trust-fees__name\">\n                                Last Will and Testament                            <\/th>\n                            <td class=\"tlo-trust-fees__price\">\n                                3,900 THB                                                                    <span class=\"tlo-trust-fees__bundle\">\n                                        5,000 THB Last Will + Living Will together                                    <\/span>\n                                                            <\/td>\n                            <td>Bilingual Thai and English will, drafted by a lawyer to comply with Thai inheritance law. 5,000 THB if taken together with a Living Will.<\/td>\n                            <td>3 to 5 business days<\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                            <tr>\n                            <th scope=\"row\" class=\"tlo-trust-fees__name\">\n                                Will safekeeping at our office                            <\/th>\n                            <td class=\"tlo-trust-fees__price\">\n                                1,000 THB                                                            <\/td>\n                            <td>Your signed original held at the firm, retrievable by your administrator.<\/td>\n                            <td>Immediate<\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                        <\/tbody>\n                <\/table>\n            <\/div>\n\n                            <p class=\"tlo-trust-fees__note\"> Government disbursements are charged at cost unless the service says they are included.                <\/p>\n            \n                            <p class=\"tlo-trust-fees__cta\">\n                    <a class=\"tlo-trust-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/book-consultation\/\">\n                        \u0e08\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e36\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32                    <\/a>\n                    <span class=\"tlo-trust-badge tlo-trust-badge--response\"><span class=\"tlo-trust-badge__tick\" aria-hidden=\"true\">&#9679;<\/span> Answer within 24 to 48 hours <span class=\"tlo-trust-badge__langs\">EN \u00b7 FR \u00b7 TH<\/span><\/span>                <\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group tlo-glance is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"tlo-glance-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Thai Last Will service: what is included, what is not, and how long it takes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Fixed fee<\/th><td>3,900 THB bilingual Thai and English; 2,500 THB Thai only; 5,000 THB with a Living Will<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Included<\/th><td><ul><li>Will drafted by a Thai lawyer under the Civil and Commercial Code, with the Thai text directly under each English clause<\/li><li>Executor (administrator) clause and a clause limiting the will to your assets in Thailand<\/li><li>One round of revisions<\/li><li>Bilingual signing guide and witness instructions<\/li><li>Checklist of the identity and asset details we need<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Not included<\/th><td><ul><li>The two witnesses (you arrange them; we tell you who may not act)<\/li><li>Notarisation (950 THB per document, optional)<\/li><li>Safekeeping of the signed original at the firm (1,000 THB, one time)<\/li><li>Court administration of the estate after death (quoted to the heirs when the time comes)<\/li><li>A will for assets outside Thailand (see the 15,000 THB international estate will)<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Timeline<\/th><td>3 business days from payment and completed questionnaire to first draft<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">After you order<\/th><td><ul><li>You receive the questionnaire and the document checklist by email and in your client portal<\/li><li>You upload your passport copy, the list of assets and the full names of beneficiaries and executor<\/li><li>We send the bilingual draft; you ask for changes; we send the final version<\/li><li>You sign before two witnesses using the signing guide; we can store the original or you keep it<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Government fees and third-party costs are charged at cost and no VAT is added. The full process, payment methods and our urgent-matter procedure are on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/how-we-work\/\">How We Work<\/a>; every fee is on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/pricing\/\">pricing page<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>These fees come from one source and are the same everywhere on this site. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/pricing\/\">all our fees<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"free-tools\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Try it yourself first, free<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You do not have to book anything to get started. These run in your browser, and you only pay us if you decide you want a lawyer involved.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"tlo-trust-tools\">\n                            <div class=\"tlo-trust-tool\">\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__title\">\n                        \u0e40\u0e04\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22                        <span class=\"tlo-trust-tool__tier tlo-trust-tool__tier--gold\">\n                            \u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e34\u0e01 Gold                        <\/span>\n                    <\/p>\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__blurb\">\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e1a\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a \u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e16\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e41\u0e19\u0e30\u0e19\u0e33 \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e16\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e04\u0e33\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e07<\/p>\n                                            <a class=\"tlo-trust-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/legal-document-maker\/\" data-tlo-event=\"tool_click\" data-tool=\"document-maker\">\n                            \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e34\u0e14\u0e40\u0e04\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"tlo-trust-tool\">\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__title\">\n                        \u0e40\u0e04\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e40\u0e08\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32                        <span class=\"tlo-trust-tool__tier tlo-trust-tool__tier--free\">\n                            \u0e1f\u0e23\u0e35                        <\/span>\n                    <\/p>\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__blurb\">\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e17\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e40\u0e08\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 12 \u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e02\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34<\/p>\n                                            <a class=\"tlo-trust-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/living-will-en\/\" data-tlo-event=\"tool_click\" data-tool=\"living-will\">\n                            \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e34\u0e14\u0e40\u0e04\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"tlo-trust-tool\">\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__title\">\n                        \u0e16\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e22 AI \u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32                        <span class=\"tlo-trust-tool__tier tlo-trust-tool__tier--free\">\n                            \u0e1f\u0e23\u0e35                        <\/span>\n                    <\/p>\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__blurb\">\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e01\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32 77,000 \u0e04\u0e14\u0e35 \u0e16\u0e32\u0e21\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e17\u0e38\u0e01\u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e1f\u0e23\u0e35<\/p>\n                                            <button type=\"button\" class=\"tlo-trust-btn tlo-trust-tool__chat\"\n                                data-tlo-event=\"assistant_open\">\n                            \u0e16\u0e32\u0e21\u0e04\u0e33\u0e16\u0e32\u0e21                        <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"tlo-trust-tools\">\n                            <div class=\"tlo-trust-tool\">\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__title\">\n                        Expat Legal Health Check                        <span class=\"tlo-trust-tool__tier tlo-trust-tool__tier--free\">\n                            \u0e1f\u0e23\u0e35                        <\/span>\n                    <\/p>\n                    <p class=\"tlo-trust-tool__blurb\">Ten minutes on your property, family, visa and will. You get a written report naming the exact gaps and what each one costs to fix.<\/p>\n                                            <a class=\"tlo-trust-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/legal-health-check-for-expats\/\" data-tlo-event=\"tool_click\" data-tool=\"health-check\">\n                            Take the Legal Health Check                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you have a will that works in Thailand? Many foreigners rely on a will made at home that Thai [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10191,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","tlo_reviewed_on":"","tlo_reviewed_by":"","tlo_edited_by":"","tlo_changelog":"[{\"date\":\"2026-10-31\",\"note\":\"Added the statute and case law box with Thai, English and French text\"},{\"date\":\"2026-11-02\",\"note\":\"Moved the answer and video to the top, shortened the page, added a section on dying without a Thai will and moved the detail to the related guides\"}]","tlo_authority_on":"1","tlo_box_sections":"","tlo_box_cases":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"Last Will in Thailand","rank_math_title":"Do You Have a Will That Works in Thailand? Requirements, Witnesses, Cost","rank_math_description":"A will from home often fails in Thailand: courts, banks and the Land Office need a Thai will and a court-appointed administrator. Bilingual will, 3,900 THB.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Last Will in Thailand","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"class_list":["post-311","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311"}],"version-history":[{"count":93,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12677,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/311\/revisions\/12677"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0e14\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e34\u0e25\u0e22\u0e39\u0e1e\u0e35","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}