{"id":1704,"date":"2025-08-23T17:06:11","date_gmt":"2025-08-23T10:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/divorce-in-thailand-with-a-foreign-marriage\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T03:53:02","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T20:53:02","slug":"divorce-in-thailand-with-a-foreign-marriage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/divorce-in-thailand-with-a-foreign-marriage\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Divorcing in Thailand is possible even if your marriage was registered abroad. Whether you are a foreign couple married outside Thailand or a Thai-foreigner couple with a foreign <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/marriage-certificate\/\">marriage certificate<\/a>, Thai courts provide a legal process to dissolve the marriage. The steps will depend on whether the divorce is uncontested or contested, and whether you meet certain jurisdictional requirements. Our full guide: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/divorce-in-thailand\/\">divorce in Thailand<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!-- tlo-template-promo:divorce-settlement -->\n\n\n\n<div style=\"border:2px solid #C9A25C;border-radius:12px;padding:22px 24px;margin:28px 0;background:#fbf8f1\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:13px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#9a772a;font-weight:700\">LAWYER-DRAFTED TEMPLATE \u00b7 \u0e3f990<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin:0 0 8px\">Divorce Settlement Agreement (Bilingual English &amp; Thai): Same-Day Amphur Divorce, Made Safe<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 10px\">Property division with transfer deadlines, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/child-custody\/\">custody<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/child-support\/\">child support<\/a>, debts and the full-and-final clause, prepared before you reach the registrar&#8217;s counter. Includes the land rule for foreign spouses, three ready-to-fill schedules and recognition-abroad guidance. Word + PDF, updated August 2026. \u0e1a\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e36\u0e01\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e01\u0e25\u0e07\u0e17\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32 \u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0\"><a class=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/product\/divorce-settlement-agreement-thailand-english\/\" style=\"background:#16202E;color:#fff;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:8px;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600\">Get the template<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!-- \/tlo-template-promo -->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tlo-hublink wp-block-paragraph\">The recognition question is part of the wider picture set out in our guide to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-family-law\/\">Thai family law<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img alt=\"Marriage certificate and passports on a desk\" class=\"wp-image-28732 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/divorce-foreign-marriage-certificate-thailand.webp\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" style=\"width:600px\"\/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Marriage certificate and passports on a desk\" class=\"wp-image-28732 lazyload\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/divorce-foreign-marriage-certificate-thailand.webp\" style=\"width:600px\" width=\"1200\"\/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table of Contents<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#can-foreigners-divorce-in-thailand-if-the-marriage-was-registered-abroad\">Can foreigners divorce in Thailand if the marriage was registered abroad?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#uncontested-divorce-with-a-foreign-marriage-certificate\">Uncontested divorce with a foreign marriage certificate<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#contested-divorce-when-there-is-no-agreement\">Contested divorce when there is no agreement<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-the-supreme-court-says-about-divorcing-on-a-foreign-marriage\">What the Supreme Court says about divorcing on a foreign marriage<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#fa-qs-on-foreign-marriage-divorce-in-thailand\">FAQs on foreign marriage divorce in Thailand<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"can-foreigners-divorce-in-thailand-if-the-marriage-was-registered-abroad\">Can foreigners divorce in Thailand if the marriage was registered abroad?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The answer is yes. Even if your marriage certificate was issued outside of Thailand, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/family-court\/\">Family Court<\/a> can still accept the case. This is true if there is a clear connection to Thailand. This connection usually happens when one spouse lives in Thailand. It can also occur if the couple has a child here or owns property like a condo or house.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is one threshold that applies to every couple where either spouse is a foreigner. Under section 27 of the Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481 (1938), a Thai court will not grant a divorce unless the national law of each spouse permits divorce. If it does, the grounds are those of Thai law, as the law of the place where the case is filed. For a divorce by consent, section 26 likewise requires that the national law of both spouses allows it. For most nationalities this is a formality, but check it first if either of you holds a nationality whose law restricts divorce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If your marriage was not registered in Thailand, the local district office (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/amphoe-or-amphur-district-office\/\">Amphur<\/a>) cannot process the divorce. An <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/uncontested-divorce\/\">administrative divorce<\/a> is available only for marriages that appear in the Thai civil registry. That means a court judgment is required. For couples who agree on all terms, the process is straightforward and often quick. For those who do not, it becomes a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/contested-divorce\/\">contested divorce<\/a> that takes longer and requires evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a marriage that is in the Thai civil registry, spouses who live in different countries and agree to divorce can use a split procedure: one spouse signs at a Thai embassy or consulate and the other signs at a Thai district office. The embassy and the district office exchange papers through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The second registrar issues the divorce certificate. We did few divorces like that with a spouse abroad and we must warn you: That is very long, difficult, some countries don\u2019t do it. And once, documents got lost in the mail. So do a divorce using that method only if there is no other way as it is not recommended.<\/p>\n\n\n<style data-noptimize=\"1\">.tlo-lb{border:2px solid #1E3455;background:#fff;margin:28px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;color:#1b1b1b}.tlo-lb h2.tlo-lb-h{background:#1E3455;color:#fff;font-size:19px;line-height:1.3;margin:0;padding:12px 16px}.tlo-lb-tabs{position:relative;padding-top:44px;background:#fff}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:absolute;top:0;width:33.334%;height:44px;line-height:44px;text-align:center;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;background:#eef0f4;color:#1E3455;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:3px solid #1E3455}.tlo-lb-tab>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(1)>summary{left:0}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(2)>summary{left:33.333%}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(3)>summary{left:66.666%}.tlo-lb-tab[open]>summary{background:#fff;border-bottom-color:#FECB01}.tlo-lb summary:focus-visible,.tlo-lb a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #FECB01;outline-offset:-3px}.tlo-lb-sec{padding:14px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-sec h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 4px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-sec h3 small{font-weight:400;color:#555;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-sec p{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-text{white-space:pre-line;border-left:3px solid #FECB01;padding-left:12px;margin:0 0 6px}.tlo-lb-note{font-size:13px;color:#555;font-style:italic}.tlo-lb-badge{display:inline-block;background:#FECB01;color:#1E3455;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;padding:1px 7px;margin-left:6px}.tlo-lb-fold{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-fold>summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px}.tlo-lb-links a{margin-right:14px;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-cases,.tlo-lb-src{padding:14px 16px;background:#f6f7f9;border-top:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-cases h3,.tlo-lb-src h3{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 6px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-cases ul,.tlo-lb-src ul{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px;font-size:14px}.tlo-al{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:#444;margin:0 0 18px}.tlo-al details{margin-top:4px}.tlo-al summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455}.tlo-al ul{margin:6px 0 0 18px;padding:0}@media print{.tlo-lb{border:1px solid #000}.tlo-lb-tabs{padding-top:0}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.4;text-align:left;background:none;border:0}.tlo-lb details::details-content{content-visibility:visible;display:block}.tlo-lb-links a{color:#000}}<\/style><script data-noptimize=\"1\" data-no-optimize=\"1\">document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){(function(){var b=document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb-tabs\");b.forEach(function(g){var t=g.querySelectorAll(\":scope>details\");t.forEach(function(d){d.firstElementChild.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){if(d.open){e.preventDefault()}})})});var s=[];addEventListener(\"beforeprint\",function(){s=[];document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb details\").forEach(function(d){s.push([d,d.open,d.getAttribute(\"name\")]);d.removeAttribute(\"name\");d.open=true})});addEventListener(\"afterprint\",function(){s.forEach(function(x){x[0].open=x[1];if(x[2]){x[0].setAttribute(\"name\",x[2])}})})})();});<\/script><section class=\"tlo-lb notranslate\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation translate=\"no\" aria-label=\"\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\"><h2 class=\"tlo-lb-h\">\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/h2><div class=\"tlo-lb-tabs\"><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"en\" data-no-translation><summary>English<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 27 <small>Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A Thai court shall not grant a divorce unless the law of the nationality of both husband and wife permits divorce. The grounds for divorce are governed by the law of the place where the divorce action is filed.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 26 <small>Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A divorce by consent is valid if the law of the nationality of both husband and wife permits it.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1516<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">Amended on 23 January 2025<\/span><\/h3><p>Section 1516 sets out twelve grounds for a divorce action; most turn on the other spouse&#039;s conduct, but some, such as separation, disappearance, unsoundness of mind, disease and physical incapacity, do not: (1) keeping or honouring another person as a spouse, adultery, or habitual sexual acts with another; (2) misconduct, whether or not a criminal offence, that causes the other spouse serious shame, contempt or hatred, or excessive injury or trouble; (3) serious physical or mental harm, torture, or grave insult to the spouse or the spouse&#039;s ascendants; (4) wilful desertion for more than one year; (4\/1) final imprisonment served for more than one year for an offence in which the other spouse had no part, where continuing the marriage would cause the other spouse excessive injury or trouble; (4\/2) voluntary separation for more than three years, or separation by court order for more than three years; (5) being declared a missing person, or absence for more than three years with no news; (6) failure to give proper support and maintenance, or acting seriously adversely to the marriage, to the point that the other spouse suffers excessive trouble; (7) insanity continuing more than three years and unlikely to be cured; (8) breach of a written bond as to conduct; (9) a serious, chronic and incurable communicable disease dangerous to the other spouse; (10) a physical condition making sexual intercourse permanently impossible. Spouses of any gender rely on the same grounds under the Marriage Equality Act B.E. 2567.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">The grounds for a divorce action are as follows:\n (1) one spouse has maintained or honoured another person as a spouse, has committed adultery or has a lover, has habitually had sexual intercourse with another person, or has habitually done an act with another person, or accepted an act of another person, to gratify the sexual desire of that spouse or of another person; the other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (2) one spouse is guilty of misconduct, whether or not that misconduct is a criminal offence, if it causes the other spouse:\n (a) to suffer serious shame and humiliation;\n (b) to be held in contempt and hatred on account of remaining the spouse of the spouse guilty of the misconduct; or\n (c) to suffer excessive injury or trouble, regard being had to their condition, status and life together as spouses;\n that other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (3) one spouse has physically or mentally harmed or tortured, or has defamed or insulted, the other spouse or an ascendant of the other spouse; provided that it is serious, that other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (4) one spouse has wilfully deserted the other spouse for more than one year; that other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (4\/1) one spouse has been sentenced by a final judgment to imprisonment and has been imprisoned for more than one year for an offence which the other spouse did not contribute to causing, did not consent to and was not privy to, and continuing to be spouses would cause that other spouse excessive injury or trouble; that other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (4\/2) the spouses have voluntarily lived apart, because they could not live together as spouses in normal happiness, continuously for more than three years, or have lived apart by order of the court for more than three years; either spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (5) one spouse has been declared by the court to be a disappeared person, or has left that spouse&#039;s domicile or residence for more than three years with no one knowing for certain whether that spouse is alive or dead; the other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (6) one spouse has failed to give the other proper assistance and maintenance, or has acted in serious hostility to the state of being spouses, to such an extent that the other spouse suffers excessive trouble, regard being had to their condition, status and life together as spouses; that other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (7) one spouse has been of unsound mind continuously for more than three years, the unsoundness of mind being unlikely to be cured and so severe that living together as spouses can no longer be endured; the other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (8) one spouse has broken a bond of good behaviour given in writing; the other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (9) one spouse is suffering from a serious communicable disease which may be dangerous to the other spouse and which is chronic and incurable; that other spouse may bring a divorce action;\n (10) one spouse has a physical condition making that spouse permanently unable to have sexual intercourse, or permanently unable to do or to accept an act to gratify the sexual desire of the other spouse; the other spouse may bring a divorce action.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1516\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1514<\/h3><p>Divorce is possible only by mutual consent or by court judgment. A divorce by mutual consent must be in writing and signed by at least two witnesses; where the marriage was registered, it takes effect only once the divorce is registered (Section 1515).<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A divorce may be effected only by the consent of both parties or by a judgment of the court. A divorce by consent must be made in writing and signed by at least two witnesses.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1514\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1515<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">Amended on 23 January 2025<\/span><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Where a marriage has been registered under this Code, a divorce by mutual consent is complete only when the spouses have registered the divorce.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1515\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 1531<\/h3><p>For a marriage registered under the law, a divorce by mutual consent takes effect from the time the divorce is registered, not from the date the parties signed their agreement. A divorce by judgment takes effect when the judgment becomes final. But a judgment of divorce cannot be set up against third persons who acted in good faith unless the divorce has been registered, so registration remains important even after a court decision.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">In the case of a marriage registered according to law, a divorce by mutual consent of both spouses takes effect from the time the divorce is registered.\n A divorce by judgment takes effect from the time the judgment becomes final, but it may not be relied on to impair the rights of a third person acting in good faith unless the divorce has been registered.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1531\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 8 <small>Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Where a foreign law is to be applied, if that law is not proved to the satisfaction of the court, the internal law of Thailand shall apply.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 4 ter<\/h3><p>When neither the defendant nor the cause of action is in Thailand, a Thai national or Thailand-based plaintiff may still sue in the Civil Court or the court of the plaintiff&#039;s own domicile. If the defendant has attachable property in Thailand, the plaintiff may instead sue where that property is located.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">A plaint other than those provided in Section 4 bis, where the defendant has no domicile in the Kingdom and the cause of action did not arise in the Kingdom, shall, if the plaintiff is of Thai nationality or has domicile in the Kingdom, be submitted to the Civil Court or to the court within whose territorial jurisdiction the plaintiff has domicile.\n For a plaint under paragraph one, if the defendant has property that may be subject to execution located in the Kingdom, whether temporarily or permanently, the plaintiff may submit the plaint to the court within whose territorial jurisdiction that property is located.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-4-3\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"th\" data-no-translation open><summary>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 27 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e31\u0e14\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e1e\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e28\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a 2481<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e20\u0e23\u0e34\u0e22\u0e32\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e16\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 26 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e31\u0e14\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e1e\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e28\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a 2481<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e22\u0e34\u0e19\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e20\u0e23\u0e34\u0e22\u0e32\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1516<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 23 \u0e21\u0e01\u0e23\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2568<\/span><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\n\n(\u0e51) \u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e25\u0e35\u0e49\u0e22\u0e07\u0e14\u0e39\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e01\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e09\u0e31\u0e19\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e0a\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e35\u0e0a\u0e39\u0e49 \u0e23\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e27\u0e13\u0e35\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e34\u0e13 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e04\u0e23\u0e48\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e34\u0e13 \u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\n(\u0e52) \u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e27 \u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\n\n(\u0e01) \u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e23\u0e07\n\n(\u0e02) \u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e14\u0e39\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e40\u0e01\u0e25\u0e35\u0e22\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e32\u0e30\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e04\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e27\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\n\n(\u0e04) \u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e14\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23 \u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e \u0e10\u0e32\u0e19\u0e30 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e23\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e09\u0e31\u0e19\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e32\u0e04\u0e33\u0e19\u0e36\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e2d\u0e1a\n\n\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\n(\u0e53) \u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e17\u0e23\u0e21\u0e32\u0e19\u0e23\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e34\u0e15\u0e43\u0e08 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e32\u0e17\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e35\u0e22\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e1e\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e35\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e23\u0e07 \u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\n(\u0e54) 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\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e27\u0e34\u0e01\u0e25\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15\u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e21\u0e32\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e35 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e34\u0e01\u0e25\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e22\u0e32\u0e01\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e34\u0e01\u0e25\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e02\u0e19\u0e32\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e23\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e09\u0e31\u0e19\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e1b\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\n(\u0e58) \u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e31\u0e13\u0e11\u0e4c\u0e1a\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e24\u0e15\u0e34 \u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\n(\u0e59) \u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e42\u0e23\u0e04\u0e15\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e23\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e20\u0e31\u0e22\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e42\u0e23\u0e04\u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e29\u0e13\u0e30\u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e31\u0e07\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\n\n(\u0e51\u0e50) \u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e23\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e27\u0e13\u0e35\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e04\u0e23\u0e48\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e01\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1516\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1514<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e22\u0e34\u0e19\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\n\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e22\u0e34\u0e19\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e19\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e19<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1514\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1515<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 23 \u0e21\u0e01\u0e23\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2568<\/span><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e22\u0e34\u0e19\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1515\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 1531<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e22\u0e34\u0e19\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e19\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e15\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e1b \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e40\u0e27\u0e25\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14 \u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e08\u0e14\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1531\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 8 <small>\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e02\u0e31\u0e14\u0e01\u0e31\u0e19\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e1e\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e28\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a 2481<\/small><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e30\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e08\u0e19\u0e4c\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e08\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 4 \u0e15\u0e23\u0e35<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e54 \u0e17\u0e27\u0e34 \u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e21\u0e35\u0e20\u0e39\u0e21\u0e34\u0e25\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e13\u0e32\u0e08\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e40\u0e01\u0e34\u0e14\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e13\u0e32\u0e08\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e21\u0e35\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e35\u0e20\u0e39\u0e21\u0e34\u0e25\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e13\u0e32\u0e08\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e21\u0e35\u0e20\u0e39\u0e21\u0e34\u0e25\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e02\u0e15\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\u0e21\u0e35\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e08\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e13\u0e32\u0e08\u0e31\u0e01\u0e23 \u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e27\u0e04\u0e23\u0e32\u0e27\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e16\u0e32\u0e27\u0e23 \u0e42\u0e08\u0e17\u0e01\u0e4c\u0e08\u0e30\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e39\u0e48\u0e43\u0e19\u0e40\u0e02\u0e15\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e01\u0e47\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-4-3\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"fr\" data-no-translation><summary>Fran\u00e7ais<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 27 <small>Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481<\/small><\/h3><p>Le tribunal tha\u00eflandais ne prononce le divorce que si la loi nationale des deux \u00e9poux l&#039;admet. Les causes de divorce rel\u00e8vent de la loi du lieu o\u00f9 l&#039;action est introduite.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 26 <small>Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481<\/small><\/h3><p>Le divorce par consentement est valable si la loi nationale des deux \u00e9poux le permet.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1516<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">Modifi\u00e9 le 23 janvier 2025<\/span><\/h3><p>Les causes de l&#039;action en divorce sont les suivantes :\n\n(1) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux a entretenu ou honor\u00e9 une autre personne comme son conjoint, a commis l&#039;adult\u00e8re ou a un amant, a eu habituellement des relations sexuelles avec une autre personne, ou a habituellement accompli avec une autre personne, ou accept\u00e9 d&#039;une autre personne, un acte destin\u00e9 \u00e0 satisfaire son d\u00e9sir sexuel ou celui d&#039;autrui ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(2) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux s&#039;est mal conduit, que cette inconduite constitue ou non une infraction p\u00e9nale, si elle a pour effet que l&#039;autre \u00e9poux :\n\n(a) subit une honte et une humiliation graves ;\n\n(b) est l&#039;objet de m\u00e9pris et de haine du fait qu&#039;il demeure le conjoint de l&#039;\u00e9poux fautif ; ou\n\n(c) subit un pr\u00e9judice ou des difficult\u00e9s excessifs, compte tenu de la condition, de la situation et de la vie commune des \u00e9poux ;\n\ncet autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(3) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux a port\u00e9 atteinte au corps ou \u00e0 l&#039;esprit de l&#039;autre \u00e9poux ou d&#039;un ascendant de celui ci, l&#039;a tortur\u00e9, diffam\u00e9 ou injuri\u00e9 ; si ces faits sont graves, l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(4) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux a volontairement abandonn\u00e9 l&#039;autre pendant plus d&#039;un an ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(4\/1) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 par un jugement d\u00e9finitif \u00e0 une peine d&#039;emprisonnement et a \u00e9t\u00e9 emprisonn\u00e9 pendant plus d&#039;un an pour une infraction \u00e0 la commission de laquelle l&#039;autre \u00e9poux n&#039;a pas contribu\u00e9, \u00e0 laquelle il n&#039;a pas consenti et dont il n&#039;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 complice par connivence, et le maintien du mariage causerait \u00e0 l&#039;autre \u00e9poux un pr\u00e9judice ou des difficult\u00e9s excessifs ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(4\/2) les \u00e9poux ont volontairement v\u00e9cu s\u00e9par\u00e9s, faute de pouvoir vivre ensemble normalement et heureusement comme \u00e9poux, de mani\u00e8re continue pendant plus de trois ans, ou ont v\u00e9cu s\u00e9par\u00e9s en vertu d&#039;une d\u00e9cision de justice pendant plus de trois ans ; chacun des \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(5) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9 absent par le tribunal, ou a quitt\u00e9 son domicile ou sa r\u00e9sidence depuis plus de trois ans sans que personne ne sache avec certitude s&#039;il est vivant ou mort ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(6) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux n&#039;a pas fourni \u00e0 l&#039;autre l&#039;assistance et l&#039;entretien convenables, ou a agi de mani\u00e8re gravement hostile \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e9tat d&#039;\u00e9poux, au point que l&#039;autre \u00e9poux en subit des difficult\u00e9s excessives, compte tenu de la condition, de la situation et de la vie commune des \u00e9poux ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(7) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux est atteint d&#039;ali\u00e9nation mentale de mani\u00e8re continue depuis plus de trois ans, cette ali\u00e9nation \u00e9tant difficilement curable et d&#039;une gravit\u00e9 telle que la vie commune ne peut plus \u00eatre support\u00e9e ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(8) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux a manqu\u00e9 \u00e0 un engagement de bonne conduite souscrit par \u00e9crit ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(9) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux est atteint d&#039;une maladie contagieuse grave pouvant mettre l&#039;autre \u00e9poux en danger, cette maladie \u00e9tant chronique et incurable ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce ;\n\n(10) l&#039;un des \u00e9poux pr\u00e9sente un \u00e9tat physique le rendant d\u00e9finitivement incapable d&#039;avoir des relations sexuelles, ou d&#039;accomplir ou d&#039;accepter un acte destin\u00e9 \u00e0 satisfaire le d\u00e9sir sexuel de l&#039;autre ; l&#039;autre \u00e9poux peut demander le divorce.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1516\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1514<\/h3><p>Le divorce ne peut avoir lieu que par le consentement des deux parties ou par un jugement du tribunal.\nLe divorce par consentement doit \u00eatre fait par \u00e9crit et sign\u00e9 par au moins deux t\u00e9moins.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1514\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1515<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">Modifi\u00e9 le 23 janvier 2025<\/span><\/h3><p>Lorsque le mariage a \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9 conform\u00e9ment au pr\u00e9sent Code, le divorce par consentement mutuel n&#039;est parfait qu&#039;une fois que les \u00e9poux ont fait enregistrer ce divorce.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1515\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 1531<\/h3><p>Pour un mariage enregistr\u00e9, le divorce par consentement mutuel prend effet d\u00e8s son enregistrement. Le divorce judiciaire prend effet d\u00e8s que le jugement est d\u00e9finitif, mais n&#039;est opposable aux tiers de bonne foi qu&#039;une fois enregistr\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-code\/section-1531\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 8 <small>Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481<\/small><\/h3><p>Lorsqu&#039;une loi \u00e9trang\u00e8re doit \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e et que cette loi n&#039;est pas prouv\u00e9e \u00e0 la satisfaction du tribunal, c&#039;est le droit interne de la Tha\u00eflande qui s&#039;applique.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 4 ter<\/h3><p>Pour les demandes autres que celles de l&#039;article 4 bis, lorsque le d\u00e9fendeur n&#039;est pas domicili\u00e9 dans le Royaume et que la cause de l&#039;action n&#039;y est pas n\u00e9e, le demandeur de nationalit\u00e9 tha\u00eflandaise ou domicili\u00e9 dans le Royaume saisit le Tribunal civil ou le tribunal du ressort de son domicile. Si le d\u00e9fendeur poss\u00e8de dans le Royaume, \u00e0 titre temporaire ou permanent, des biens susceptibles d&#039;ex\u00e9cution, le demandeur peut aussi saisir le tribunal du ressort o\u00f9 se trouvent ces biens.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-4-3\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-cases\"><h3>\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/supreme-court-decisions\/1869-2566-foreign-spouse-national-law-must-be-proved-to-allow-divorce\/\">1869\/2566<\/a> (2023): \u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e19\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e35\u0e01\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e21\u0e34\u0e09\u0e30\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/supreme-court-decisions\/8151-2560-at-fault-spouse-no-alimony-maintenance-until-final-divorce\/\">8151\/2560<\/a> (2017): \u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e25\u0e35\u0e49\u0e22\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e1b\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e25\u0e35\u0e49\u0e22\u0e07\u0e14\u0e39\u0e08\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e16\u0e36\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e21\u0e49\u0e21\u0e34\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e02\u0e2d<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-src\"><h3>\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/ODY2YVdSdnF3bk81MHdZVk5KSjg0Zz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/Qko1NGNVa1FhMG9hTTNGcU9sTGxydz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e13\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e22\u0e4c, Office of the Council of State<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07, Office of the Council of State<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><li>deka.supremecourt.or.th, Supreme Court of Thailand decisions database (copy held in our library), \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 19 \u0e01\u0e38\u0e21\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e18\u0e4c 2569<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"uncontested-divorce-with-a-foreign-marriage-certificate\">Uncontested divorce with a foreign marriage certificate<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When both spouses agree to end the marriage, they can divide assets and decide on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/child-custody-in-thailand\/\">child custody<\/a>. The divorce goes to court but does not require long legal battles. The spouses, or their lawyers, file a petition and present a signed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/divorce-agreement\/\">divorce agreement<\/a> to the judge. If everything is in order, the judge can approve the settlement and issue a divorce judgment in a matter of weeks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If one spouse cannot travel to Thailand, they can choose a lawyer to represent them. This is done with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/notary\/\">a notarized and embassy-approved<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/power-of-attorney\/\">Power of Attorney<\/a>. Our firm has handled many such cases for expatriates abroad, allowing them to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/divorce-in-thailand\/\">divorce in Thailand<\/a> without flying here. After the judgment, a Thai spouse must register the divorce at their Amphur to obtain a divorce certificate. Foreign spouses should have the court judgment <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/legalization-of-documents\/\">translated, legalized, and submitted<\/a> to their embassy or home country authorities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"contested-divorce-when-there-is-no-agreement\">Contested divorce when there is no agreement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If one spouse does not want a divorce, it is called a contested divorce. This also applies if there are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/child-custody-in-thailand\/\">disagreements about custody<\/a>, support, or property. Under Section 1516 of the Thai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/thai-civil-and-commercial-code\/\">Civil and Commercial Code<\/a>, you must show a legal reason. This can be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/adultery\/\">adultery<\/a>, desertion for more than one year, misconduct, or voluntary separation for more than three years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A contested divorce involves petition filing, summons, mediation, trial, and judgment. The process is longer,  often six months to one year , and requires solid evidence and legal representation. Even during litigation, if both parties reach a compromise, the case can still be settled by agreement before judgment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thai courts accept jurisdiction when there is a clear Thai connection. Examples include one spouse residing in Thailand, a minor child domiciled here, or property located here. Venue usually follows the defendant\u2019s residence or the place where the cause of action arose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After the Thai court issues the judgment, you translate the decree and legalise it. MFA legalisation in Bangkok confirms Thai signatures. Your embassy or home authority then records the divorce. That record is what you will need for a new passport, a pension claim or a change of name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"table-divorce-in-thailand-with-a-foreign-marriage-certificate\">Table: Divorce in Thailand with a Foreign Marriage Certificate<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>Foreign Marriage Certificate<\/th><th>Thai Marriage Certificate<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Where to file<\/td><td>Family Court only<\/td><td>Amphur (administrative) or Family Court<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Uncontested option<\/td><td>Court settlement agreement<\/td><td>Amphur divorce if both agree<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Contested option<\/td><td>Court litigation required<\/td><td>Court litigation required<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Documents needed<\/td><td>Foreign marriage certificate + Thai translation, passports\/Thai ID, children\u2019s birth certificates, evidence of grounds<\/td><td>Thai marriage certificate, same additional documents<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Registration after judgment<\/td><td>Required with Amphur (for Thai spouse) and embassy\/home authorities (for foreign spouses)<\/td><td>Already registered in Thai system, update at Amphur<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"required-documents\">Required documents<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The court needs the original marriage certificate with a Thai translation. It also requires ID cards or passports, children\u2019s birth certificates, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/prenuptial-agreement-thailand\/\">any prenuptial agreement<\/a>. In contested cases, you must also provide evidence such as photos, financial records, or witness testimony. Documents not in Thai must be translated and certified.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-the-supreme-court-says-about-divorcing-on-a-foreign-marriage\">What the Supreme Court says about divorcing on a foreign marriage<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two Supreme Court decisions decide whether a Thai court can divorce a mixed-nationality couple at all, and both turn on section 27 of the Conflict of Laws Act B.E. 2481: a Thai court will not grant a divorce unless the national laws of both spouses permit divorce, and once that is shown the grounds are Thai grounds under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1516\/\">Section 1516<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/supreme-court-decisions\/1869-2566-foreign-spouse-national-law-must-be-proved-to-allow-divorce\/\">Decision 1869\/2566<\/a> a Thai wife sued her British husband in Thailand and won at trial, then lost on appeal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/supreme-court-dika\/\">and in the Supreme Court<\/a>, because nobody had proved that English law permits divorce. Foreign law is a fact in a Thai court; the judge does not know it, so the plaintiff must prove it, and because the point goes to public order the appeal court was entitled to raise it on its own. In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/supreme-court-decisions\/8151-2560-at-fault-spouse-no-alimony-maintenance-until-final-divorce\/\">Decision 8151\/2560<\/a>, between an American husband and a Thai wife married in New York in 2536 (1993) and again in Thailand in 2541 (1998), the husband proved that New York law and the Thai Code both allow divorce, so the Thai court had power to decide, applied <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1516\/\">Section 1516 (6)<\/a> to the wife&#8217;s conduct, split the four plots she had bought with her salary as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/marital-property\/\">sin somros<\/a>, and held that as the spouse at fault she could not claim alimony under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1526\/\">Section 1526<\/a>. Full bilingual summaries of both decisions, with the Thai judgments, are in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/supreme-court-decisions\/family-law\/\">Family Law decisions hub<\/a> of our Supreme Court decisions database.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The practical rule for a foreign spouse: bring proof of your own country&#8217;s divorce law (the statute, with a certified Thai translation, or an expert statement) before you file, whether you are the plaintiff or the defendant, because without it the court cannot reach the merits. For the recognition question in the other direction, whether your Thai divorce will be accepted back home, read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-divorce-recognition\/\">Is your Thai divorce valid abroad?<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"registering-a-foreign-divorce-and-sections-26-and-27\">Registering a foreign divorce, and sections 26 and 27<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thailand\u2019s Conflict of Laws Act applies when foreign nationals are involved. Under its section 27, a Thai court decides a divorce filed in Thailand on the Thai grounds for divorce, but it cannot grant the divorce unless the national laws of both spouses permit divorce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regarding the\u00a0<em>reason<\/em>\u00a0or grounds for the divorce, things get more nuanced. Whatever the spouses\u2019 nationalities, the grounds for a divorce filed in Thailand are the Thai grounds (Conflict of Laws Act section 27, paragraph 2). Separately, a Thai court cannot grant the divorce unless the national laws of both spouses permit divorce. This law covers the reasons for divorce, as explained in the Civil and Commercial Code Section 1516.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"divorcing-in-thailand-from-a-foreign-marriage\"><strong>Divorcing in Thailand from a Foreign Marriage<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you got a divorce outside of Thailand, you may need to file a claim for divorce according to local rules. This is very important if you are a Thai citizen. It is also important if you plan to remarry, transfer property, or update your marital status in Thailand. Legal representation is highly recommended, especially when dealing with property division or custody of children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To register a <strong>foreign divorce in Thailand<\/strong>, follow these steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Certify your divorce decree with the right authority in the country where it was issued. This is usually the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or a similar department.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Translate the certified divorce judgment<\/strong> into Thai by an officially recognized translator.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Legalize the Thai translation<\/strong> at the <strong>Royal Thai Embassy or Consulate<\/strong> in the country where the divorce took place.<\/li>\n\n<li>When you go back to Thailand, take the original divorce papers, the Thai translation, and the legalization documents. Bring these to your local Amphur (District Office) to register the divorce.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udca1 Note: If the divorce was registered in another country without a court case, Thai authorities may not recognize it. In some cases, a Thai Family Court may need to review the foreign divorce to confirm its validity under Thai law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ThaiLawOnline can help you with translations. We can check if your foreign divorce can be registered. We will guide you through the whole process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Conflict of Law Act B.E. 2481 outlines the following rules about divorces:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Section 26: <\/strong>A mutual consent divorce is valid if both the husband\u2019s and wife\u2019s countries allow it.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Section 27:<\/strong> A Siamese (Thai) court cannot grant a divorce unless both the husband\u2019s and wife\u2019s national laws allow it. The same section then settles which grounds apply: the grounds for divorce are governed by the law of the place where the divorce action is filed, so a divorce brought in Thailand is decided on the Thai grounds in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1516\/\">section 1516<\/a> whatever the spouses\u2019 nationalities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Supreme Court Decision 5887\/2533 the court decided that a mutual consent divorce is only valid between the two people involved. This ruling was made in a case where one party was Thai and the other was Indian. It cannot affect third parties acting in good faith unless the divorce is officially registered. Under today&#8217;s Code, for a marriage registered in Thailand, a divorce by consent takes effect only from its registration, and a divorce by judgment cannot be raised against third parties acting in good faith until it is registered: see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-code\/section-1531\/\">section 1531<\/a> of the Civil and Commercial Code. Because the husband refused to register the written divorce, the wife sued and the court ordered the divorce so that it could be recorded in the register.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fa-qs-on-foreign-marriage-divorce-in-thailand\">FAQs on foreign marriage divorce in Thailand<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755941584245\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Can I divorce in Thailand if I married abroad?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes, provided there is a link to Thailand such as residency, property, or children. The case must go through the Family Court because the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/marriage-in-thailand\/\">marriage is not in the Thai civil registry<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755941593743\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Do both spouses need to attend court in Thailand?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Not always. If one spouse is overseas, they can allow a lawyer to represent them. They just need to sign a notarized Power of Attorney at the Thai embassy.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755941602726\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>How long does the process take?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>An uncontested divorce may be completed in two to six months. A contested case usually takes six to twelve months or more, depending on complexity.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755941604033\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Will my divorce in Thailand be valid abroad?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>In most cases, yes. However, you need to have the court judgment translated, legalized, and registered with your embassy or home authorities. Requirements vary by country.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1755941631289\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>What law governs divorce in Thailand?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Divorce cases follow the Civil and Commercial Code, Sections 1501 to 1535, and Section 1516 lists the legal reasons for divorce. Where a spouse is a foreigner, section 27 of the Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481 also requires that the national law of each spouse permits divorce. Court procedure follows the Thai Civil Procedure Code.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1792966948925\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Does the Thai court need proof that my country allows divorce?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes. Under section 27 of the Conflict of Laws Act a Thai court grants a divorce between spouses of different nationalities only if both national laws permit divorce. Supreme Court Decision 1869\/2566 held that this is a question of fact the plaintiff must prove: a Thai wife lost her case against her British husband because no evidence of English law was before the court. In Decision 8151\/2560 the American husband proved New York law and the divorce proceeded under Thai grounds.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1792966948926\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Which country&#8217;s grounds for divorce apply if we married abroad and divorce in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Thai grounds. Section 27 of the Conflict of Laws Act makes the grounds follow the law of the place where the action is filed, so once both national laws are shown to permit divorce the case is decided under Section 1516 of the Civil and Commercial Code, as the Supreme Court did in Decision 8151\/2560.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1745561947243\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What happens to my marriage visa after a divorce?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>If you\u2019re staying in Thailand on a marriage visa and your divorce is finalized, your visa will no longer be valid. Thai Immigration requires you to report any change in your marital status. Once your divorce is registered, you may need to leave the country or apply for a different type of visa. Basically, the divorce will \u201cvoid\u201d your marriage visa or extension based on marriage. You will need another visa if you want to stay in Thailand. <br \/>If you\u2019re unsure what visa might work for you, try our free <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-visa-finder\/\">Thai Visa Finder tool<\/a> to explore your options.<\/br><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Last reviewed: 27 September 2026. Read in Thai: Act on Conflict of Laws B.E. 2481, sections 26 and 27; Civil and Commercial Code section 1516. On 6 October 2026 the split embassy and district-office procedure was qualified: it is an administrative divorce, so it needs a marriage in the Thai civil registry. Timeframes, the embassy and power-of-attorney steps and the recognition abroad are practice guidance and vary by country.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Update for 2025 : Same-sex marriage is legal since 23 January 2025. Divorce rules apply equally to same-sex couples registered in Thailand or recognised from abroad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/image.mfa.go.th\/mfa\/0\/qcuTAU8W4b\/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3\/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Explanation by the Ministry of Interior about divorce in different countries with example of Bahrain<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Divorcing in Thailand is possible even if your marriage was registered abroad. Whether you are a foreign couple married outside Thailand or a Thai-foreigner couple with a foreign <a class=\"glossaryLink\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Marriage Certificate&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;A &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;marriage certificate&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; in Thailand (Thai: &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;&#3607;&#3632;&#3648;&#3610;&#3637;&#3618;&#3609;&#3626;&#3617;&#3619;&#3626;&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt;) is an official legal document issued by a district office (&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;amphur&amp;lt;\/em&amp;gt;) that proves a couple is lawfully married under Thai law. It is a pink paper with official stamps and signatures, typically issued immediately after the marriage registration. This certificate is required for many legal processes, including visa applications, name changes, and sometimes property matters between spouses.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:paragraph --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- wp:image {&amp;quot;id&amp;quot;:9930,&amp;quot;sizeSlug&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;full&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;linkDestination&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;none&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;align&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;} --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;figure class=&amp;quot;wp-block-image aligncenter size-full&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;figcaption class=&amp;quot;wp-element-caption&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Marriage certificate in Thailand&amp;lt;\/figcaption&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/figure&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- \/wp:image --&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/marriage-certificate\/\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">marriage certificate<\/a>, Thai courts provide a legal process to dissolve the marriage. The steps will depend on whether the divorce is uncontested or contested, and whether you meet certain jurisdictional requirements.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11349,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Marriage","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1704","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-family-law","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1704","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1704"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1704\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12122,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1704\/revisions\/12122"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11349"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1704"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0e14\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e34\u0e25\u0e22\u0e39\u0e1e\u0e35","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}