{"id":1741,"date":"2023-06-15T11:38:01","date_gmt":"2023-06-15T04:38:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/legal-interpreters-in-thai-courtrooms\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T04:24:32","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T21:24:32","slug":"legal-interpreters-in-thai-courtrooms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/legal-interpreters-in-thai-courtrooms\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22: \u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e27\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms are essential in Thailand\u2019s justice system, especially for foreigners who don\u2019t speak Thai. If you are an expat facing legal proceedings in Thailand, a skilled legal interpreter in Thai courtrooms can be the difference between confusion and clarity, or even fairness and injustice. This article explains their role, why they matter, and how they help protect your rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/legal-interpreters-in-thai-courtrooms-photo.webp\" alt=\"Legal Interpreters in Thai Courtrooms\" class=\"wp-image-3552\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Legal Interpreters in Thai Courtrooms<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Table of Contents<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#what-is-a-legal-interpreter\">What Is a Legal Interpreter?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#why-legal-interpreters-are-crucial-in-thai-courts\">Why Legal Interpreters Are Crucial in Thai Courts<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#key-benefits-at-a-glance\">Key Benefits at a Glance<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#when-do-you-need-a-legal-interpreter\">When Do You Need a Legal Interpreter?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#choosing-the-right-legal-interpreter-in-thailand\">Choosing the Right Legal Interpreter in Thailand<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#access-to-justice-through-language\">Access to Justice Through Language<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#final-thoughts-dont-face-thai-legal-proceedings-alone\">Final Thoughts: Don\u2019t Face Thai Legal Proceedings Alone<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-who-are-legal-interpreters-in-thai-courtrooms\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-a-legal-interpreter\">What Is a Legal Interpreter?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A legal interpreter is a trained professional who translates spoken legal language between Thai and a foreign language. These interpreters must understand legal terminology, court procedures, and cultural expectations to ensure effective communication between the court, lawyers, and non-Thai-speaking participants. Understanding the role of legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms is crucial for expats navigating complex legal issues.<\/p>\n\n\n<style data-noptimize=\"1\">.tlo-lb{border:2px solid #1E3455;background:#fff;margin:28px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;color:#1b1b1b}.tlo-lb h2.tlo-lb-h{background:#1E3455;color:#fff;font-size:19px;line-height:1.3;margin:0;padding:12px 16px}.tlo-lb-tabs{position:relative;padding-top:44px;background:#fff}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:absolute;top:0;width:33.334%;height:44px;line-height:44px;text-align:center;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;background:#eef0f4;color:#1E3455;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:3px solid #1E3455}.tlo-lb-tab>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(1)>summary{left:0}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(2)>summary{left:33.333%}.tlo-lb-tab:nth-of-type(3)>summary{left:66.666%}.tlo-lb-tab[open]>summary{background:#fff;border-bottom-color:#FECB01}.tlo-lb summary:focus-visible,.tlo-lb a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #FECB01;outline-offset:-3px}.tlo-lb-sec{padding:14px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-sec h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 4px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-sec h3 small{font-weight:400;color:#555;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-sec p{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-text{white-space:pre-line;border-left:3px solid #FECB01;padding-left:12px;margin:0 0 6px}.tlo-lb-note{font-size:13px;color:#555;font-style:italic}.tlo-lb-badge{display:inline-block;background:#FECB01;color:#1E3455;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;padding:1px 7px;margin-left:6px}.tlo-lb-fold{margin:0 0 8px}.tlo-lb-fold>summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:6px}.tlo-lb-links a{margin-right:14px;font-size:14px}.tlo-lb-cases,.tlo-lb-src{padding:14px 16px;background:#f6f7f9;border-top:1px solid #dfe2e8}.tlo-lb-cases h3,.tlo-lb-src h3{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 6px;color:#1E3455}.tlo-lb-cases ul,.tlo-lb-src ul{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px;font-size:14px}.tlo-al{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:#444;margin:0 0 18px}.tlo-al details{margin-top:4px}.tlo-al summary{cursor:pointer;color:#1E3455}.tlo-al ul{margin:6px 0 0 18px;padding:0}@media print{.tlo-lb{border:1px solid #000}.tlo-lb-tabs{padding-top:0}.tlo-lb-tab>summary{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.4;text-align:left;background:none;border:0}.tlo-lb details::details-content{content-visibility:visible;display:block}.tlo-lb-links a{color:#000}}<\/style><script data-noptimize=\"1\" data-no-optimize=\"1\">document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){(function(){var b=document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb-tabs\");b.forEach(function(g){var t=g.querySelectorAll(\":scope>details\");t.forEach(function(d){d.firstElementChild.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){if(d.open){e.preventDefault()}})})});var s=[];addEventListener(\"beforeprint\",function(){s=[];document.querySelectorAll(\".tlo-lb details\").forEach(function(d){s.push([d,d.open,d.getAttribute(\"name\")]);d.removeAttribute(\"name\");d.open=true})});addEventListener(\"afterprint\",function(){s.forEach(function(x){x[0].open=x[1];if(x[2]){x[0].setAttribute(\"name\",x[2])}})})})();});<\/script><section class=\"tlo-lb notranslate\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation translate=\"no\" aria-label=\"\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\"><h2 class=\"tlo-lb-h\">\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49<\/h2><div class=\"tlo-lb-tabs\"><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"en\" data-no-translation><summary>English<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 13<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">Amended on 8 February 2008<\/span><\/h3><p>Section 13 requires criminal proceedings to be in Thai and requires an interpreter when a party or witness cannot understand or speak Thai, including a sign-language interpreter or another suitable method for those who cannot speak or hear. The authorities must provide an interpreter without delay, the interpreter must translate accurately, take an oath and sign, and is paid allowances and expenses.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">An inquiry, preliminary examination or trial shall be conducted in the Thai language. But where it is necessary to translate a local Thai dialect, a regional language or a foreign language into Thai, or to translate Thai into a local Thai dialect, a regional language or a foreign language, an interpreter shall be used.\n Where the injured person, alleged offender, defendant or a witness cannot speak or understand Thai, or can speak or understand only a local Thai dialect or a regional language, and there is no interpreter, the inquiry official, public prosecutor or Court shall provide an interpreter without delay.\n Where the injured person, alleged offender, defendant or a witness cannot speak, hear, or communicate, and there is no sign-language interpreter, the inquiry official, public prosecutor or Court shall provide a sign-language interpreter, or arrange for questions, answers or communication to be made by another appropriate method.\n When an interpreter interprets statements, testimony or other matters, the interpreter must interpret correctly. The interpreter must take an oath or affirmation that he will perform his duty in good faith and will not add to or omit from what is interpreted, and the interpreter shall sign the interpretation.\n The inquiry official, public prosecutor or Court shall order payment of an allowance, travel expenses and accommodation expenses to the interpreter provided under this Section, in accordance with the regulations prescribed by the Royal Thai Police, the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Justice, the Office of the Attorney-General or the Office of the Judiciary, as the case may be, with the approval of the Ministry of Finance.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-criminal-procedure-code\/section-13\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/UVdzUTNzUFZlT3VBOEw2allVWTZxZz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 46<\/h3><p>Court proceedings and the case file must be in Thai, written in ink, typed, or printed, with corrections struck through rather than erased. If a document is in a foreign language, the court must order the party filing it to provide a certified Thai translation, in whole or of the essential parts. If a party or person cannot understand Thai, or is mute or deaf and cannot read or write, the party concerned must arrange an interpreter.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">All proceedings relating to the trial and adjudication of civil cases that are conducted by the court shall be done in the Thai language. All pleadings and documents or papers of any kind whatsoever made by the parties, the court, or court officials which form the case file shall be written in the Thai language and written in ink, typewritten, or printed. If there is any error or omission, it shall not be erased; instead it shall be struck through and rewritten, and the writer must sign at the margin of the paper. If there is any interlineation, the person making it shall sign or initial it as authentication. If the original of a document or paper of any kind whatsoever submitted to the court has been made in a foreign language, the court shall order the party submitting it to provide a translation of the whole or only of the essential parts, together with a certification, to be filed and attached to the original. If any party or any person appearing before the court does not understand the Thai language, or is mute or deaf and cannot read or write, the party concerned shall provide an interpreter.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-46\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Section 149<\/h3><p>This section defines litigation costs, which include court fees, witness and expert expenses, lawyers&#039; fees, and the costs of running a case. The filing fee is paid by the person filing the complaint when it is filed. A party who applies to waive court fees need not pay them unless the application is refused.<\/p><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>Full text<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">Litigation costs comprise: court fees; the cost of taking evidence outside the court; witness attendance allowances, travel expenses, and accommodation costs of witnesses, experts, interpreters, and court officers; lawyers&#039; fees; the costs of conducting the case; and all other fees or expenses that the law requires to be paid. Subject to the provisions of this Code or of other law on the waiver of court fees, the court fee that is the filing fee shall be paid by the party filing the complaint when the complaint is filed. Court fees shall be paid or deposited with the court in cash or by a bank-certified cheque, with a court officer issuing a receipt, or by the method fixed in the regulations of the President of the Supreme Court. A complaint, memorandum of appeal, memorandum of further appeal, complaint in intervention, answer, or other application filed with the court together with an application for waiver of court fees under Section 156, as well as the proceedings in the inquiry into that application, need not be accompanied by payment of court fees or money deposited with the court, unless the court dismisses that application.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">ThaiLawOnline translation<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-149\/\">Our annotated section<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Official text<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"th\" data-no-translation open><summary>\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 13<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e44\u0e02\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 8 \u0e01\u0e38\u0e21\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e19\u0e18\u0e4c 2551<\/span><\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\" open><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19 \u0e44\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e17\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e16\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e16\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e17\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e16\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e16\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e32 \u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\n\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e1e\u0e39\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e43\u0e08\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e1e\u0e39\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e43\u0e08\u0e40\u0e09\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e30\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e17\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e16\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e16\u0e34\u0e48\u0e19\n\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e21\u0e34\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e01\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e32\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e32 \u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e25\u0e22\n\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e21\u0e32\u0e23\u0e16\u0e1e\u0e39\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e22\u0e34\u0e19 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\n\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19 \u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e32\u0e21 \u0e15\u0e2d\u0e1a\n\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e04\u0e27\u0e23\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e35\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e04\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 \u0e04\u0e33\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e46\n\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e16\u0e39\u0e01\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1b\u0e0f\u0e34\u0e0d\u0e32\u0e13\u0e15\u0e19\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e30\u0e17\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e49\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e08\u0e23\u0e34\u0e15\u0e43\u0e08\n\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e48\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e31\u0e14\u0e17\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e43\u0e19\u0e04\u0e33\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1b\u0e48\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e30\u0e40\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e01\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e15\u0e33\u0e23\u0e27\u0e08\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e15\u0e34 \u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e23\u0e27\u0e07\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e14\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e23\u0e27\u0e07\u0e22\u0e38\u0e15\u0e34\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21 \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e14 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e22\u0e38\u0e15\u0e34\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e01\u0e23\u0e13\u0e35 \u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e0a\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e17\u0e23\u0e27\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e04\u0e25\u0e31\u0e07<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-criminal-procedure-code\/section-13\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/UVdzUTNzUFZlT3VBOEw2allVWTZxZz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 46<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e23\u0e14\u0e32\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e49\u0e02\u0e32\u0e14\u0e15\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e23\u0e14\u0e32\u0e04\u0e33\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e1c\u0e48\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e14\u0e32\u0e29\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e43\u0e14 \u0e46 \u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e01\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e19\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e36\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e35\u0e14\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e21\u0e1e\u0e4c\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e21\u0e1e\u0e4c \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e01\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e43\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e34\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e02\u0e39\u0e14\u0e25\u0e1a\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01 \u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e02\u0e35\u0e14\u0e06\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e41\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e25\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e48\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e25\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e23\u0e34\u0e21\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e14\u0e32\u0e29 \u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e21\u0e35\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e15\u0e01\u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e15\u0e01\u0e40\u0e15\u0e34\u0e21\u0e25\u0e07\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e25\u0e07\u0e0a\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e04\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e15\u0e49\u0e19\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e1c\u0e48\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e14\u0e32\u0e29\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e43\u0e14 \u0e46 \u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e15\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e17\u0e33\u0e04\u0e33\u0e41\u0e1b\u0e25\u0e17\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e09\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e30\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e27\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e04\u0e31\u0e0d \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e41\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e15\u0e49\u0e19\u0e09\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e16\u0e49\u0e32\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e04\u0e04\u0e25\u0e43\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e43\u0e08\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e2b\u0e39\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e27\u0e01\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e2d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e40\u0e02\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e31\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e08\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e32\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-46\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 149<\/h3><details class=\"tlo-lb-fold\"><summary>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21<\/summary><p class=\"tlo-lb-text\">\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e24\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21 \u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e2a\u0e37\u0e1a\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e10\u0e32\u0e19\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1b\u0e48\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e30\u0e40\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e01\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e32\u0e19 \u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e0d \u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e21 \u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e17\u0e19\u0e32\u0e22\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e14\u0e35 \u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e08\u0e19\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e08\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e46 \u0e1a\u0e23\u0e23\u0e14\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e0a\u0e33\u0e23\u0e30\n\u0e20\u0e32\u0e22\u0e43\u0e15\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e07\u0e04\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d\u0e0d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e19\u0e35\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19 \u0e27\u0e48\u0e32\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e22\u0e01\u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e02\u0e36\u0e49\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e04\u0e39\u0e48\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e0a\u0e33\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\n\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19 \u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e0a\u0e33\u0e23\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e33\u0e21\u0e32\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e47\u0e04\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e18\u0e19\u0e32\u0e04\u0e32\u0e23\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e40\u0e08\u0e49\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e43\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e44\u0e27\u0e49\u0e43\u0e19\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 \n\u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c \u0e04\u0e33\u0e1f\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 \u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e2d\u0e14 \u0e04\u0e33\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e49\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e33\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e22\u0e37\u0e48\u0e19\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e01\u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32 \u0e51\u0e55\u0e56 \u0e15\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e08\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e33\u0e40\u0e19\u0e34\u0e19\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e43\u0e19\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e44\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e19\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e14\u0e31\u0e07\u0e01\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e27 \u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e19\u0e33\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32\u0e18\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e19\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e41\u0e25\u0e30\u0e40\u0e07\u0e34\u0e19\u0e27\u0e32\u0e07\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e21\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e33\u0e23\u0e30 \u0e40\u0e27\u0e49\u0e19\u0e41\u0e15\u0e48\u0e28\u0e32\u0e25\u0e08\u0e30\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e22\u0e01\u0e04\u0e33\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e19\u0e31\u0e49\u0e19\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">\u0e15\u0e23\u0e07\u0e15\u0e32\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e43\u0e19\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e08\u0e32\u0e19\u0e38\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32 \/ \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e19\u0e31\u0e01\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e04\u0e13\u0e30\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e24\u0e29\u0e0e\u0e35\u0e01\u0e32 (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette \/ Office of the Council of State)<\/p><\/details><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-149\/\">\u0e21\u0e32\u0e15\u0e23\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e15\u0e38\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e23\u0e32<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"tlo-lb-tab\" name=\"tlo-lb-1\" lang=\"fr\" data-no-translation><summary>Fran\u00e7ais<\/summary><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 13<span class=\"tlo-lb-badge\">Modifi\u00e9 le 8 f\u00e9vrier 2008<\/span><\/h3><p>L&#039;enqu\u00eate, l&#039;examen pr\u00e9liminaire et le proc\u00e8s se d\u00e9roulent en tha\u00ef ; \u00e0 la victime, au suspect, \u00e0 l&#039;accus\u00e9 ou au t\u00e9moin sans interpr\u00e8te, l&#039;autorit\u00e9 en fournit un sans d\u00e9lai s&#039;il ignore le tha\u00ef, ou, s&#039;il est sourd ou muet, en langue des signes ou autre moyen. L&#039;interpr\u00e8te, r\u00e9mun\u00e9r\u00e9, pr\u00eate serment.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-criminal-procedure-code\/section-13\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/UVdzUTNzUFZlT3VBOEw2allVWTZxZz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 46<\/h3><p>La proc\u00e9dure civile et les pi\u00e8ces sont en tha\u00ef, sans grattage : ratures et ajouts sont sign\u00e9s. Le tribunal ordonne une traduction certifi\u00e9e, enti\u00e8re ou partielle, des documents \u00e9trangers ; la partie concern\u00e9e fournit un interpr\u00e8te \u00e0 qui ne comprend pas le tha\u00ef, ou est muet ou sourd et illettr\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-46\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-sec\"><h3>Article 149<\/h3><p>Les frais de proc\u00e9dure comprennent les droits de justice, les frais de preuve hors audience, les indemnit\u00e9s, frais de transport et d&#039;h\u00e9bergement des t\u00e9moins, experts, interpr\u00e8tes et agents du tribunal, les honoraires d&#039;avocat, les frais du proc\u00e8s et tous autres frais l\u00e9gaux. Sauf exon\u00e9ration l\u00e9gale, le demandeur paie le droit d&#039;introduction au d\u00e9p\u00f4t de sa demande. Les droits se paient en esp\u00e8ces ou par ch\u00e8que certifi\u00e9 par une banque contre re\u00e7u, ou selon les r\u00e8gles du pr\u00e9sident de la Cour supr\u00eame. L&#039;acte accompagn\u00e9 d&#039;une demande d&#039;exon\u00e9ration (article 156) est dispens\u00e9 de droits et de consignation pendant son examen, sauf rejet.<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-note\">r\u00e9sum\u00e9 non officiel<\/p><p class=\"tlo-lb-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-149\/\">Notre article annot\u00e9<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Texte officiel<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div><div class=\"tlo-lb-src\"><h3>\u0e41\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e07\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32<\/h3><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/UVdzUTNzUFZlT3VBOEw2allVWTZxZz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2d\u0e32\u0e0d\u0e32, Office of the Council of State<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/searchlaw.ocs.go.th\/council-of-state\/#\/public\/doc\/VjZQcUR4VG1iVHZGS09TMUMvY2Vsdz09\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e21\u0e27\u0e25\u0e01\u0e0e\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e27\u0e34\u0e18\u0e35\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e08\u0e32\u0e23\u0e13\u0e32\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e48\u0e07, Office of the Council of State<\/a>, \u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e01\u0e14\u0e39\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d 31 \u0e15\u0e38\u0e25\u0e32\u0e04\u0e21 2569<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"why-legal-interpreters-are-crucial-in-thai-courts\">Why Legal Interpreters Are Crucial in Thai Courts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Court proceedings can be intimidating, especially in a language you don\u2019t understand. Legal interpreters play a critical role in ensuring that everyone involved fully understands the legal process.  When selecting legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms, emphasis should be placed on their familiarity with legal terminology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here\u2019s how it can help:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"accuracy\">Accuracy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Effective legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms also ensure clarity of communication, which is vital in maintaining the integrity of the judicial process. For example, we always use interpreters for<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/divorce-in-thailand\/\"> divorce proceedings involving a foreigner in Thailand.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legal terms can be complex. A qualified interpreter ensures the precise translation of those terms into a language you understand. This avoids dangerous misunderstandings that could impact the outcome of your case. Choosing the right legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms involves assessing their impartiality, which is essential for fair outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"clarity\">Clarity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms must be culturally sensitive to effectively navigate the nuances of both legal systems. Beyond accuracy, clarity matters too. Interpreters make sure that not only the words but also the tone and intent of the speaker are conveyed properly. This is especially important in high-stress court situations where misunderstandings are common. The key benefits of utilizing legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms are numerous, particularly for expats unfamiliar with the local legal landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"impartiality\">Impartiality<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legal interpreters remain neutral. They do not give advice or take sides. Their job is to interpret, not influence the proceedings. This impartiality is critical to a fair trial or hearing. For any of the situations listed, engaging legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms is crucial to ensure a fair legal process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cultural-sensitivity\">Cultural Sensitivity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Thailand, cultural context can play a big role in court. Legal interpreters are familiar with both Thai and foreign cultures. They can help bridge not just language, but also behavioral expectations, body language, and protocol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"key-benefits-at-a-glance\">Key Benefits at a Glance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here\u2019s a quick summary of why legal interpreters are vital for expats involved in legal matters in Thailand:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Benefit<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Legal Accuracy<\/td><td>Ensures precise translation of legal terms and testimony<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Communication Clarity<\/td><td>Helps all parties understand tone, intent, and emotional context<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Impartiality<\/td><td>Guarantees fairness by avoiding personal opinions or bias<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cultural Understanding<\/td><td>Aids in respecting Thai customs while protecting the foreigner\u2019s rights<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"when-do-you-need-a-legal-interpreter\">When Do You Need a Legal Interpreter?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you\u2019re involved in any of the following situations, a legal interpreter may be essential:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Court hearings or trials<\/li>\n\n<li>Police interviews or depositions<\/li>\n\n<li>Immigration proceedings<\/li>\n\n<li>Divorce or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/child-custody\/\">custody<\/a> cases involving a Thai partner<\/li>\n\n<li>Signing or reviewing legal documents<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When considering your options, ensure the legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms possess the necessary qualifications and experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\">ThaiLawOnline<\/a>, we often work with expats facing legal issues such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/divorce-in-thailand\/\">divorce in Thailand<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/child-custody-in-thailand\/\">child custody<\/a>, or property disputes. In all of these cases, clear communication is critical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"choosing-the-right-legal-interpreter-in-thailand\">Choosing the Right Legal Interpreter in Thailand<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not all interpreters are created equal. A good court interpreter is fluent in both Thai and your language and understands court procedure and etiquette. The law itself requires an oath to interpret faithfully, not a particular qualification. When hiring an interpreter, make sure they:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Are experienced in legal settings<\/li>\n\n<li>Can remain calm under pressure<\/li>\n\n<li>Understand Thai civil and criminal procedures<\/li>\n\n<li>Are familiar with your specific legal issue<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can also ask if they have worked on similar cases before or if they are certified by any government or legal body in Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"access-to-justice-through-language\">Access to Justice Through Language<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With effective legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms, foreigners can exercise their rights to justice without the barrier of language. Legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms are particularly vital in sensitive cases where clear communication can impact the outcome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A foreigner in Thailand has the same right to justice as a Thai citizen. However, that right can only be fully exercised if you understand what\u2019s being said and done in court. Legal interpreters ensure due process by removing language as a barrier. At ThaiLawOnline, we prioritize connecting clients with experienced legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms who can facilitate a smooth legal process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They are especially important in emotionally sensitive cases like child custody, criminal charges, or immigration issues. If you can\u2019t communicate clearly with the judge or your lawyer, you risk an unfair outcome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"final-thoughts-dont-face-thai-legal-proceedings-alone\">Final Thoughts: Don\u2019t Face Thai Legal Proceedings Alone<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you\u2019re an expat in Thailand dealing with legal issues, don\u2019t underestimate the importance of a qualified legal interpreter. At ThaiLawOnline, we regularly assist clients by arranging court-approved interpreters who understand both the language and the legal system. We can also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/glossary\/licensed-thai-lawyer\/\">represent you in court<\/a> and help you prepare the necessary documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Need help finding a legal interpreter in Thailand or understanding your case better? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/online-consultation-with-a-thai-lawyer\/\">Contact us<\/a> today for support.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ThaiLawOnline has bilingual lawyers and notaries who can serve as interpreters in court.<\/li>\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.interpreters.travel\/en\/bangkok\/3378\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Interpreters in Bangkok<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Last reviewed: 27 September 2026. Read in Thai: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-criminal-procedure-code\/section-13\/\">Criminal Procedure Code section 13<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/thai-civil-procedure-code\/section-46\/\">Civil Procedure Code section 46<\/a>. The advice on choosing and working with an interpreter is practice guidance.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1788700000000\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Do Thai courts provide interpreters for foreigners?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>In criminal cases, yes: if a victim, suspect, defendant or witness cannot speak or understand Thai and has no interpreter, the investigating officer, the prosecutor or the court must provide one without delay (Criminal Procedure Code section 13). In civil cases the rule is different: the party concerned must arrange the interpreter (Civil Procedure Code section 46).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1788700000001\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Are court interpreters in Thailand free?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>In criminal cases, an interpreter provided under section 13 of the Criminal Procedure Code is paid by the authority that provided them (police, prosecutor or court), under that agency\u2019s regulations. In civil cases the party who needs the interpreter arranges and first pays for one under section 46 of the Civil Procedure Code; the fee is part of the court costs (section 149), which the court allocates at the end.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1788700000002\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What language is used in Thai courts?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Thai is the official language of the courts. Proceedings and documents are in Thai, with interpretation provided for those who need it.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1788700000003\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can I use my own interpreter in a Thai court?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes. In a criminal case the state supplies an interpreter only where you have none, and in a civil case you are expected to bring your own. In a criminal case the interpreter must swear or affirm to interpret faithfully, without adding or omitting anything, and signs the translation (Criminal Procedure Code section 13).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1788700000004\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why is an accurate legal interpreter important in Thailand?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Mistranslation can affect testimony and the outcome of a case, so a qualified and impartial legal interpreter is essential for a fair hearing.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Legal interpreters in Thai courtrooms are essential in Thailand&rsquo;s justice system, especially for foreigners who don&rsquo;t speak Thai. If you are an expat facing legal proceedings in Thailand, a skilled legal interpreter in Thai courtrooms can be the difference between confusion and clarity, or even fairness and injustice. This article explains their role, why they [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11697,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"tlo_featured_media_th":0,"tlo_featured_media_fr":0,"footnotes":"","tlo_reviewed_on":"","tlo_reviewed_by":"","tlo_edited_by":"","tlo_changelog":"[{\"date\":\"2026-11-04\",\"note\":\"Added the statute box with Thai, English and French text and checked the page against the official text\"}]","tlo_authority_on":"1","tlo_box_sections":"","tlo_box_cases":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"court interpreter","rank_math_title":"Legal Interpreters in Thai Courtrooms - ThaiLawOnline","rank_math_description":"Court interpreters in Thailand: whether the court provides one, what an interpreter does at a hearing, and how to choose one for legal proceedings.","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Legal Interpreters in Thai Courtrooms","rank_math_canonical_url":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-criminal-law-in-thailand","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1741"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12515,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1741\/revisions\/12515"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thailawonline.com\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1741"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0e14\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e34\u0e25\u0e22\u0e39\u0e1e\u0e35","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}