Reviewed by Wichuda Atthamethakon, LL.M., Thai Bar Licence 3149/2556, for ThaiLawOnline, a Thai law firm acting for foreigners since 2006.
Update log
- 6 November 2026: French title, description and breadcrumb now carry the French keyword "visa conjoint thaïlande"
- 31 October 2026: Added the statute box with Thai, English and French text and checked the page against the official text
Thailand has many visa options for spouses and dependents of Thai citizens and foreign residents. These visas help families live together in the Kingdom. Since 23 January 2025 same-sex couples can marry in Thailand, under the Marriage Equality Act, formally the Civil and Commercial Code Amendment Act (No. 24) B.E. 2567. A foreigner married to a Thai can apply for a one-year spouse extension under Immigration Bureau Order 12/2568, clause 2.18. In a marriage between persons of diverse genders, clause 2.18(7) lets either spouse or both together meet the income or deposit test; in a marriage between a man and a woman, clause 2.18(6) applies the test to the foreign husband. Order 12/2568 now holds the criteria that Police Order 327/2557 used to set, and Immigration Bureau Order 238/2568 of 1 October 2025 amends it. This guide covers everything about spouse and dependent visas. It includes legal requirements, application processes, and compliance obligations. It also has recent updates that affect expat families.

Table of Contents
Legal Framework and Governing Laws
The main law for spouse and dependent visas in Thailand is the Immigration Act B.E. 2522 (1979). This law sets the rules for foreign entry, residence, and visa needs. This law, along with later changes and rules, explains who can enter Thailand, the conditions, and the duration.
Key legal provisions include:
- Sections 11 and 12: section 11 requires everyone to enter and leave through a designated immigration checkpoint and within the published times. Section 12 then lists the classes of foreigner who are prohibited from entering, and the first of them is a foreigner with no valid passport, or with a passport carrying no visa from a Thai embassy or consulate or from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, unless that person falls inside a visa exemption
- Sections 34 and 35: section 34 lists the fifteen purposes for which a foreigner may enter for a temporary stay, and section 35 fixes the maximum period allowed for each of them. The third paragraph of section 35 is the provision every annual dependent extension actually runs on: where a foreigner has a genuine need to stay beyond the period first granted, the Director-General may permit further stay one year at a time
- Section 37: the duties of a foreigner who has been permitted to stay temporarily. Sub-section (5) is the 90-day rule: a foreigner who stays more than ninety days must notify the immigration officer of their address in writing without delay once the ninety days are complete, and again every ninety days after that. It is a reporting duty in the Immigration Act, not a route to a visa, and because section 37 opens with temporary permission it does not reach permanent residents
- Section 15: exempts diplomatic and consular staff, people sent by a foreign government with Thai agreement, the heads and staff of international organisations, and the spouse and children who are dependent on them and part of their household, from the duties this Act imposes on foreigners. The exemption is not total. Section 11, section 12 (1), (4) and (5), and the second paragraph of section 18 still apply, and in the diplomatic, consular, spouse and children cases the exemption is given effect according to Thailand’s international obligations and the principle of reciprocity
The Marriage Equality Act B.E. 2567 (2024) started on January 23, 2025. This law is a big change in Thai law. It amends the Civil and Commercial Code, uses gender-neutral language and gives same-sex couples the same right to marry, and the same rights as spouses, as heterosexual couples. The Act does not amend the Immigration Act and does not by itself grant any visa. Visa eligibility is set by Immigration Bureau Order 12/2568, clause 2.18(7) for a marriage between persons of diverse genders (either spouse or both together may meet the income or deposit test), and by clause 2.20 as replaced by Immigration Bureau Order 238/2568 for dependants of a foreign visa holder. Order 12/2568 holds the criteria that Police Order 327/2557 used to set. Section 67 of the Act is the bridge, because it requires an order written in terms of husband and wife to be read as covering spouses registered under the amended Code.
Last reviewed: 3 September 2026. Every statutory statement on this page was read against primary sources rather than against a summary. The Immigration Act B.E. 2522 (1979), consolidated text: section 11 (channels and times), section 12 (the classes prohibited from entering, and where the visa requirement actually sits), section 15 (who is exempt from the duties of aliens, from which of them, and its closing paragraph on international obligations and reciprocity), sections 34 and 35 (the fifteen temporary-stay purposes, the maximum period for each, and the third paragraph of section 35, which is the one-year extension power), and section 37 with sub-section (5) (the 90-day notification, and the fact that it binds only temporary permission). Police Order 327/2557 of the Royal Thai Police, read from the Government Gazette itself (volume 131, special part 150 Ngor, page 3, 8 August 2014): clause 2.20 for the dependent criteria and clause 2.18 (6) for the Thai-spouse financial test. The Civil and Commercial Code Amendment Act (No. 24) B.E. 2567, section 67, for how marriage equality reaches instruments written as husband and wife. The Board of Investment’s own LTR site for the dependent cap, the dependent insurance test and the TIESC opening date. This review does not cover embassy-level document lists, which each mission sets for itself; the fee ranges quoted below, which are practice rather than statute; or the e-Extension system’s eligibility, which comes from the Immigration Bureau rather than from the Act. Re-read on 4 October 2026 for consistency: two answers in the closing frequently asked questions had put the family of a Thai national on the dependent route, against this page’s own distinction, and were corrected; nothing else changed.
The law behind this page
English
Section 34 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
Full text
An alien who may enter the Kingdom temporarily must enter for the following purposes: (1) performing diplomatic or consular duties; (2) performing official government duties; (3) tourism; (4) sports; (5) business; (6) investment approved by the relevant ministries, sub-ministries and departments; (7) investment or other activities relating to investment, subject to the law on investment promotion; (8) transit through the Kingdom; (9) acting as the person in charge of, or as crew of, a conveyance arriving at a port, station or locality in the Kingdom; (10) study or observation visits; (11) performing mass media duties; (12) religious missionary work approved by the relevant ministries, sub-ministries and departments; (13) scientific research or training and teaching in a research institution or educational institution in the Kingdom; (14) performing work as a skilled craftsman or expert; (15) other purposes prescribed in ministerial regulations.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 35 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
Full text
In the case of an alien entering the Kingdom temporarily under section 34, the Director-General, or a competent official assigned by the Director-General, may permit the alien to stay in the Kingdom subject to any conditions. The period of permitted stay in the Kingdom shall be set as follows: (1) not more than 30 days, for cases under section 34 (4), (8) and (9); (2) not more than 90 days, for cases under section 34 (3); (3) not more than 1 year, for cases under section 34 (5), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14) and (15); (4) not more than 2 years, for cases under section 34 (6); (5) for the period necessary, for cases under section 34 (1) and (2); (6) for the period the Board of Investment considers appropriate, for cases under section 34 (7). Where an alien has a necessary reason to stay in the Kingdom beyond the periods set in (1), (2), (3) and (4), the Director-General shall consider permitting a further stay of not more than 1 year at a time and, having given permission, shall report it with reasons to the Committee for information within 7 days from the date of permission. For each application for permission to stay temporarily in the Kingdom further, the alien shall file an application in the prescribed form and pay the fee prescribed in ministerial regulations. While awaiting the order, the alien may remain in the Kingdom in the meantime.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 37 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
Full text
An alien permitted to stay in the Kingdom temporarily must comply with the following: (1) not engage in an occupation or work for hire, unless permitted under the law on foreign business or the law on the management of alien employment; (2) reside at the place notified to the competent official, except that where there is reasonable cause preventing residence at the notified place, the alien shall notify the competent official of the change of residence within 24 hours from the time of taking up residence; (3) notify a police officer at the local police station where the alien resides within 24 hours from the time of moving, in case of a change of residence, and if the new residence is in a different locality from the original local police station, the alien must also notify a police officer at the local police station of the new residence within 24 hours from the time of arrival; (4) if travelling to any province and staying in that province for more than 24 hours, notify a police officer at the local police station within 48 hours from the time of arrival; (5) if staying in the Kingdom for more than 90 days, notify the competent official at the Immigration Division in writing of the alien's place of residence without delay upon completing the 90-day period, and do the same every 90 days thereafter. In a locality where an immigration office is located, the notification may be made to the competent official at that immigration office. Whether (3) and (4) shall not apply to any case under section 34, and on what conditions, shall be as the Director-General prescribes. A notification under this section may be made by the alien in person or in writing to the competent official, in accordance with rules prescribed by the Director-General.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 39 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
Full text
If an alien permitted to stay in the Kingdom temporarily travels out of the Kingdom, that permission is deemed to have ended. However, if before leaving the Kingdom the alien obtained permission from the competent official to re-enter the Kingdom, and the alien re-enters the Kingdom without being a prohibited person under section 12, then, if any of the permitted period of stay remains, the alien may stay in the Kingdom for the remaining period. To apply for permission to re-enter the Kingdom, the alien shall file an application in the prescribed form and pay the fee at the rate and under the rules prescribed in ministerial regulations.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 1457
A marriage under this Code takes effect only once it has been registered. Religious or customary ceremonies alone do not create a legal marriage in Thailand.
Full text
Marriage under this Code shall be effected only on registration being made.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 59 Emergency Decree on Managing the Work of Foreigners B.E. 2560
Full text
An alien who resides in the Kingdom, or who has been permitted to enter the Kingdom temporarily under the immigration law other than for tourism or transit through the Kingdom, may do only work not prohibited to aliens by notification under Section 7 paragraph one, and must obtain a work permit. Subject to Section 60, an alien wishing to obtain a work permit under paragraph one shall file an application with the Registrar and, where the alien already has an employer, shall also state the employer's name. The application and the grant of permission under paragraphs one and two shall be in accordance with the rules, procedures and conditions prescribed in ministerial regulations, which may provide for the use of electronic means. A work permit is valid for the period requested by the applicant, but not more than 2 years from the date of issue of the work permit. The ministerial regulations under paragraph three must also prescribe a completion period from the date of receipt of the application to the date of issue of the work permit, which must not exceed 15 working days. Where the Registrar cannot issue the work permit within that period, the Minister or the Director-General shall take action against the officials concerned as the case requires. Where the failure to issue the work permit was without reasonable cause, it is deemed a disciplinary offence and disciplinary action shall follow. Subject to the law, a person permitted to work under paragraph one has the right to do every kind of work not prohibited to aliens by notification under Section 7 paragraph one.
ThaiLawOnline translation
ไทย
มาตรา 34 พระราชบัญญัติคนเข้าเมือง พ.ศ. 2522
ข้อความเต็ม
คนต่างด้าวซึ่งจะเข้ามาในราชอาณาจักรเป็นการชั่วคราวได้จะต้องเข้ามาเพื่อการดังต่อไปนี้ (๑) การปฏิบัติหน้าที่ทางทูตหรือกงสุล (๒) การปฏิบัติหน้าที่ทางราชการ (๓) การท่องเที่ยว (๔) การเล่นกีฬา (๕) ธุรกิจ (๖) การลงทุนที่ได้รับความเห็นชอบจากกระทรวงทบวงกรมที่เกี่ยวข้อง (๗) การลงทุนหรือการอื่นที่เกี่ยวกับการลงทุนภายใต้บังคับกฎหมายว่าด้วยการส่งเสริมการลงทุน (๘) การเดินทางผ่านราชอาณาจักร (๙) การเป็นผู้ควบคุมพาหนะหรือคนประจำพาหนะที่เข้ามายังท่าสถานี หรือท้องที่ในราชอาณาจักร (๑๐) การศึกษาหรือดูงาน (๑๑) การปฏิบัติหน้าที่สื่อมวลชน (๑๒) การเผยแพร่ศาสนาที่ได้รับความเห็นชอบจากกระทรวงทบวงกรมที่เกี่ยวข้อง (๑๓) การค้นคว้าทางวิทยาศาสตร์หรือฝึกสอนในสถาบันการค้นคว้าหรือสถาบันการศึกษาในราชอาณาจักร (๑๔) การปฏิบัติงานด้านช่างฝีมือหรือผู้เชี่ยวชาญ (๑๕) การอื่นตามที่กำหนดในกฎกระทรวง
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 35 พระราชบัญญัติคนเข้าเมือง พ.ศ. 2522
ข้อความเต็ม
คนต่างด้าวซึ่งเข้ามาในราชอาณาจักรเป็นการชั่วคราวตามมาตรา ๓๔ อธิบดีหรือพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ซึ่งอธิบดีมอบหมายจะอนุญาตให้อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรภายใต้เงื่อนไขใด ๆ ก็ได้ ระยะเวลาที่จะอนุญาตให้อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรให้กำหนดดังนี้ (๑) ไม่เกินสามสิบวัน สำหรับกรณีตามมาตรา ๓๔ (๔) (๘) และ (๙) (๒) ไม่เกินเก้าสิบวัน สำหรับกรณีตามมาตรา ๓๔ (๓) (๓) ไม่เกินหนึ่งปี สำหรับกรณีตามมาตรา ๓๔ (๕) (๑๐) (๑๑) (๑๒) (๑๓) (๑๔) และ (๑๕) (๔) ไม่เกินสองปี สำหรับกรณีตามมาตรา ๓๔ (๖) (๕) ตามกำหนดระยะเวลาตามความจำเป็น สำหรับกรณีตาม มาตรา ๓๔ (๑) และ (๒) (๖) ตามกำหนดระยะเวลาที่คณะกรรมการส่งเสริมการลงทุนพิจารณาเห็นสมควรสำหรับกรณีตามมาตรา ๓๔ (๗) ในกรณีที่คนต่างด้าวมีเหตุจำเป็นจะต้องอยู่ในราชอาณาจักรเกินระยะเวลาที่กำหนดใน (๑) (๒) (๓) และ (๔) ให้อธิบดีเป็นผู้พิจารณาอนุญาตให้อยู่ต่อไปได้ครั้งละไม่เกินหนึ่งปี และเมื่อได้อนุญาตแล้วให้รายงานต่อคณะกรรมการเพื่อทราบพร้อมด้วยเหตุผลภายในเจ็ดวันนับแต่วันอนุญาต การขออนุญาตเพื่ออยู่ในราชอาณาจักรเป็นการชั่วคราวต่อไปแต่ละครั้ง ให้คนต่างด้าวยื่นคำขอตามแบบและเสียค่าธรรมเนียมตามที่กำหนดในกฎกระทรวง ในระหว่างรอฟังคำสั่งให้คนต่างด้าวผู้นั้นอยู่ในราชอาณาจักรไปพลางก่อนได้
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 37 พระราชบัญญัติคนเข้าเมือง พ.ศ. 2522
ข้อความเต็ม
คนต่างด้าวซึ่งได้รับอนุญาตให้อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรเป็นการชั่วคราว ต้องปฏิบัติดังต่อไปนี้ (๑) ไม่ประกอบอาชีพหรือรับจ้างทำงาน เว้นแต่จะได้รับอนุญาตตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยการประกอบธุรกิจของคนต่างด้าวหรือกฎหมายว่าด้วยการบริหารจัดการการทำงานของคนต่างด้าว (๒) พักอาศัย ณ ที่ที่ได้แจ้งต่อพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ เว้นแต่ในกรณีที่มีเหตุผลสมควรไม่สามารถพักอาศัย ณ ที่ที่ได้แจ้งต่อพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ ให้แจ้งการเปลี่ยนที่พักอาศัยต่อพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ภายในยี่สิบสี่ชั่วโมงนับแต่เวลาที่เข้าพักอาศัย (๓) แจ้งต่อเจ้าพนักงานตำรวจ ณ สถานีตำรวจท้องที่ที่คนต่างด้าวผู้นั้นพักอาศัยภายในยี่สิบสี่ชั่วโมงนับแต่เวลาที่ย้ายไป ในกรณีเปลี่ยนที่พักอาศัย และถ้าที่พักอาศัยใหม่อยู่ต่างท้องที่กับสถานีตำรวจท้องที่เดิม คนต่างด้าวผู้นั้นต้องแจ้งต่อเจ้าพนักงานตำรวจ ณ สถานีตำรวจท้องที่ที่ไปพักอาศัยใหม่ภายในยี่สิบสี่ชั่วโมงนับแต่เวลาที่ไปถึงด้วย (๔) ถ้าเดินทางไปจังหวัดใดและอยู่ในจังหวัดนั้นเกินยี่สิบสี่ชั่วโมง ให้คนต่างด้าวผู้นั้นแจ้งต่อเจ้าพนักงานตำรวจ ณ สถานีตำรวจท้องที่ภายในสี่สิบแปดชั่วโมงนับแต่เวลาที่ไปถึง (๕) ถ้าอยู่ในราชอาณาจักรเกินเก้าสิบวัน คนต่างด้าวผู้นั้นต้องมีหนังสือแจ้งให้พนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ ณ กองตรวจคนเข้าเมืองทราบถึงที่พักอาศัยของตนโดยมิชักช้าเมื่อครบระยะเก้าสิบวัน และต่อไปให้กระทำเช่นเดียวกันทุกระยะเก้าสิบวัน ถ้าท้องที่ใดมีที่ทำการตรวจคนเข้าเมืองตั้งอยู่ จะแจ้งต่อพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ ณ ที่ทำการตรวจคนเข้าเมืองแห่งนั้นก็ได้ ความใน (๓) และ (๔) จะมิให้ใช้บังคับแก่กรณีใดตามมาตรา ๓๔ โดยเงื่อนไขอย่างใด ให้เป็นไปตามที่อธิบดีกำหนด การแจ้งตามมาตรานี้ คนต่างด้าวอาจไปแจ้งด้วยตนเองหรือมีหนังสือแจ้งต่อพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ก็ได้ ทั้งนี้ ตามระเบียบที่อธิบดีกำหนด
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 39 พระราชบัญญัติคนเข้าเมือง พ.ศ. 2522
ข้อความเต็ม
คนต่างด้าวซึ่งได้รับอนุญาตให้อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรเป็นการชั่วคราว หากเดินทางออกไปนอกราชอาณาจักร ให้ถือว่าการได้รับอนุญาตให้อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรเป็นการชั่วคราวดังกล่าวเป็นอันสิ้นสุด แต่ถ้าก่อนเดินทางออกไปนอกราชอาณาจักร ได้รับอนุญาตจากพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่ให้กลับเข้ามาในราชอาณาจักรได้อีก และคนต่างด้าวนั้นได้กลับเข้ามาในราชอาณาจักรโดยไม่เป็นผู้ต้องห้ามตามมาตรา ๑๒ ถ้าระยะเวลาที่ได้รับอนุญาตให้อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรยังมีเหลืออยู่ ให้อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรต่อไปได้เท่าระยะเวลาที่ยังเหลืออยู่นั้น การขออนุญาตเพื่อกลับเข้ามาในราชอาณาจักรอีก ให้คนต่างด้าวยื่นคำขอตามแบบและเสียค่าธรรมเนียมตามอัตราและหลักเกณฑ์ที่กำหนดในกฎกระทรวง
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 1457
ข้อความเต็ม
การสมรสตามประมวลกฎหมายนี้จะมีได้เฉพาะเมื่อได้จดทะเบียนแล้วเท่านั้น
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 59 พระราชกำหนดการบริหารจัดการการทำงานของคนต่างด้าว พ.ศ. 2560
ข้อความเต็ม
คนต่างด้าวซึ่งมีถิ่นที่อยู่ในราชอาณาจักรหรือได้รับอนุญาตให้เข้ามาในราชอาณาจักรเป็นการชั่วคราวตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยคนเข้าเมืองซึ่งมิใช่เพื่อการท่องเที่ยวหรือการเดินทางผ่านราชอาณาจักร จะทำงานได้ก็แต่เฉพาะงานที่มิได้มีประกาศห้ามคนต่างด้าวทำตามมาตรา ๗ วรรคหนึ่ง และต้องได้รับใบอนุญาตทำงาน ภายใต้บังคับมาตรา ๖๐ คนต่างด้าวซึ่งประสงค์จะขอรับใบอนุญาตทำงานตามวรรคหนึ่ง ให้ยื่นคำขออนุญาตต่อนายทะเบียน และในกรณีที่มีนายจ้างแล้วให้ระบุชื่อนายจ้างด้วย การขออนุญาตและการอนุญาตตามวรรคหนึ่งและวรรคสอง ให้เป็นไปตามหลักเกณฑ์ วิธีการ และเงื่อนไขที่กำหนดในกฎกระทรวง โดยจะกำหนดให้ใช้วิธีการทางอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ก็ได้ และใบอนุญาตทำงานให้มีอายุเท่าที่ผู้ขออนุญาตร้องขอ แต่ไม่เกินสองปีนับแต่วันที่ออกใบอนุญาตทำงาน ในกฎกระทรวงตามวรรคสามต้องกำหนดระยะเวลาแล้วเสร็จตั้งแต่วันที่ได้รับคำขออนุญาตจนถึงวันที่ออกใบอนุญาตทำงานไว้ด้วยซึ่งต้องไม่เกินสิบห้าวันทำการ ในกรณีที่นายทะเบียนไม่สามารถออกใบอนุญาตทำงานให้ได้ภายในกำหนดเวลา ให้รัฐมนตรีหรืออธิบดีดำเนินการกับเจ้าหน้าที่ที่เกี่ยวข้องตามควรแก่กรณี ในกรณีที่การไม่ออกใบอนุญาตทำงานนั้นเป็นไปโดยไม่มีเหตุอันสมควร ให้ถือว่าเป็นการกระทำผิดวินัย และให้มีการดำเนินการทางวินัยต่อไป ภายใต้บังคับแห่งกฎหมาย ผู้รับอนุญาตให้ทำงานตามวรรคหนึ่งมีสิทธิทำงานที่มิได้มีประกาศห้ามคนต่างด้าวทำตามมาตรา ๗ วรรคหนึ่งได้ทุกชนิด
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
Français
Article 34 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
L'étranger ne peut entrer temporairement dans le Royaume que pour les motifs énumérés, notamment fonctions diplomatiques ou officielles, tourisme, sport, affaires, investissement approuvé, transit, études, médias, recherche, missions religieuses approuvées, travaux de spécialiste, ou tout autre motif fixé par règlement ministériel.
résumé non officiel
Article 35 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
Séjour maximal : 30 jours, 90 jours, 1 an ou 2 ans selon l'article 34 ; durée nécessaire pour 34 (1), (2) ; fixée par le BOI pour 34 (7). Le directeur général peut prolonger ces quatre durées d'1 an maximum par fois. Le demandeur reste en attendant.
résumé non officiel
Article 37 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
L'étranger en séjour temporaire ne peut travailler sans autorisation, doit résider à l'adresse déclarée, signaler tout changement sous 24 heures, tout séjour de plus de 24 heures dans une province sous 48 heures, et déclarer sa résidence tous les 90 jours, en personne ou par écrit.
résumé non officiel
Article 39 Immigration Act B.E. 2522
Quitter le territoire met fin au séjour temporaire. Si l'étranger a obtenu avant son départ une autorisation de retour et revient sans être frappé d'interdiction selon l'article 12, il peut rester pour la durée restante.
résumé non officiel
Article 1457
Le mariage selon le présent Code n'existe que s'il a été enregistré.
résumé non officiel
Article 59 Emergency Decree on Managing the Work of Foreigners B.E. 2560
Le résident ou le séjournant temporaire, hors tourisme et transit, ne peut exercer qu'un travail non interdit (article 7) et muni d'un permis, valable au plus 2 ans. La demande se dépose auprès du Registrateur; le délai de délivrance ne peut excéder 15 jours ouvrables.
résumé non officiel
Sources
- Immigration Act B.E. 2522, retrieved 31 October 2026
- Civil and Commercial Code, Office of the Council of State, retrieved 31 October 2026
- Emergency Decree on Managing the Work of Foreigners B.E. 2560, retrieved 31 October 2026
Types of Spouse and Dependent Visas
1. Spouse of a Thai National: Covered Separately
If your sponsor is your Thai husband or wife, you are not on the dependent route at all: you apply for a Non-O and then an extension of stay based on marriage to a Thai national. That process has its own financial tests, its own document list and its own refusal traps, and we cover it in full in our Non-O marriage visa guide, including the Thai marriage visa cost and requirements for 2026.
The rest of this page deals with the dependent route: the spouse and children of a foreigner who holds a Thai work permit or a long-stay visa, and, in limited cases, dependent parents.
2. Dependent Visa (Non-Immigrant O for Dependents)
The Dependent Visa is designed for family members of foreigners working or residing in Thailand on long-term visas. This includes spouses and children under 20 years old. This applies to Non-Immigrant B (work), ED (education), or other visa holders.
Eligible Dependents:
- Legal spouse of visa holder
- Children, adopted children and the spouse’s children, who must be unmarried, living as part of that household, and not yet 20 complete years of age. The one exception is a child who is ill or disabled and cannot live independently, who remains eligible while in the parent’s care
- A parent aged 50 complete years or more
- The dependent must hold a visa of the Official category or the Non-Immigrant (temporary stay) category, and a spouse’s relationship has to be genuine both in law and in fact
Those conditions are not custom or folklore. They began as clause 2.20 of Police Order 327/2557 of the Royal Thai Police, published in the Government Gazette (volume 131, special part 150 Ngor, page 3, 8 August 2014), which set the criteria immigration officers apply when they grant a one-year extension under the third paragraph of section 35. ⚠️ Currency note, 15 September 2026: that order was repealed on 26 September 2023 by Order of the Royal Thai Police No. 542/2566, and the criteria passed to the Commissioner of the Immigration Bureau, first under Immigration Bureau Order No. 242/2566 from 30 September 2023 and then under Immigration Bureau Order No. 12/2568 of 23 January 2025. 🔴 Item 2.20 of that table was itself repealed and replaced on 1 October 2025, by Immigration Bureau Order No. 238/2568, which we have read from the order’s own pages. We have read the replacement clause 2.20 in full and it still imposes no financial test on the dependant: it asks for a visa of the Official or temporary-stay category, evidence of the relationship, a spouse relationship genuine in law and in fact, and the age limits set out above. Cite it as Immigration Bureau Order 238/2568, clause 2.20, and not as Order 12/2568. Clause 2.20 imposes no financial test on the dependent at all. Two conditions the replacement adds are narrow but real: the family of someone whose own extension stands on the new investment criterion 2.5 ค. needs a certification and request from the Ministry of Tourism and Sports or a body it has delegated, and the family of someone on criterion 2.32 needs one from the employing organisation together with a certification from the Sports Authority of Thailand. The money question is asked of the sponsor, under whichever clause the sponsor’s own extension is granted on.
3. LTR Dependent Visa
The Long-Term Resident (LTR) Dependent Visa lets family members of LTR visa holders live in Thailand for up to 10 years. The BOI caps this at four dependents per LTR visa holder, and a dependent must be the holder’s legal spouse or child, so parents are not eligible on this route. Same-sex marriages are accepted in the dependent category; unregistered partnerships are not.
4. DTV Dependent Visa
TheDestination Thailand Visa (DTV) Dependent Visa is for spouses and children under 20 of DTV holders. It is valid for 5 years for digital nomads and remote workers.
Married to a Thai National? Use the Marriage Route Instead
The requirements below used to duplicate our marriage-visa guide. They now live in one place, kept current: see Thai Marriage Visa (Non-O): Complete Guide for Foreign Spouses for the THB 400,000 deposit and THB 40,000 income tests, the Kor Ror 3 and Kor Ror 2 paperwork, the e-Visa process, and the reasons annual extensions get refused.
Which route applies to you?
- Your spouse is Thai: marriage route (see the guide above).
- Your spouse is a foreigner working in Thailand: dependent route, explained on this page.
- You are the child or, in limited cases, the dependent parent of that foreigner: dependent route, explained on this page.
Dependent Visa: Detailed Requirements and Process
Applying for a dependent visa in Thailand can seem hard at first. However, once you know the main steps and required documents, the process becomes easier. If you are applying as a spouse or child of the main visa holder, prepare everything correctly from the beginning.
If you’re the spouse of someone holding a valid Thai visa, you’ll need to prove that you’re legally married. This usually involves submitting a marriage certificate. If the certificate was issued outside Thailand, it must be translated and properly certified. Immigration officers will also ask to see proof that your relationship is ongoing and genuine. You can learn more about marriage registration and visa options in Thailand on our site.
For children applying as dependents, the age limit is 20 years, unless the child is ill or disabled and cannot live independently, and they must be unmarried. A birth certificate is required to confirm the relationship, and in adoption cases, official adoption documents will be needed.
In addition to relationship documents, you will need to provide standard paperwork. This includes your valid passport and copies of it. You must also complete visa application forms and provide recent passport-sized photos. A key part of the application is showing your connection to the main visa holder. This includes copies of their passport and visa. If needed, include a copy of their work permit. Also, add a letter from their employer. If the main visa holder runs a business in Thailand, they might need to show business registration documents. For more on this, check our Thailand work permit and visa guide.
The dependent visa does not have strict income rules for the applicant. However, immigration usually wants to see proof of financial support from the main visa holder. You can show this with recent bank statements, a letter from the employer confirming salary, or other documents. These should prove that the sponsor has enough income to support the dependent. For long-term stays, planning ahead financially is essential. The test that matters here is the sponsor’s rather than the dependent’s: the sponsor’s own extension has to stand up on its own ground, and the dependent’s application follows it.
Understanding the process in advance helps avoid delays and rejections. If you are not sure if you qualify or want to improve your application, our team at ThaiLawOnline can help. We can prepare, translate, and certify everything correctly.
Compliance Requirements and Ongoing Obligations
90-Day Reporting
A foreigner holding temporary permission to stay who remains in Thailand for more than 90 days must notify immigration of their address, and again every 90 days after that. This applies whether or not the address has changed. It is section 37 (5) of the Immigration Act, so it does not reach permanent residents, and the statuses listed in section 15 sit outside it as well. We have a complete article on 90-days reporting in Thailand and consult it for more information.
Re-Entry Permits
Visa holders must obtain re-entry permits before leaving Thailand to maintain their visa status. Without one, your permission to stay ends when you leave, and you return on whatever entry you can get at the border. Again, we have an extensive article on re-entry permits in Thailand and you can read it to have more information on that subject.
Annual Visa Renewal
Long-term visas require annual renewal with updated documentation:
- Apply 30-45 days before expiration
- Submit updated financial proof
- Provide current marriage/relationship documentation
- Pay renewal fee (typically 1,900 THB)
Recent Legal Changes and Updates
Marriage Equality Act (in force 2025)
The Marriage Equality Act started on January 23, 2025. It is a key moment for LGBTQ+ rights in Thailand. Key implications for visa applications include:
New Rights for Same-Sex Couples:
- Legal marriage registration at any district office
- Equal spousal visa eligibility. Section 67 of the Act is what carries it across: every provision of any law, rule, regulation, by-law, notification, order or Cabinet resolution that refers to a husband, a wife or a husband and wife is to be read as referring also to spouses registered under the amended Civil and Commercial Code. An Immigration Bureau Order is an order, so the immigration criteria written as “spouse (male-female)” are read that way too. The one carve-out in section 67 is an instrument that deliberately treats husbands and wives differently
- Same inheritance and adoption rights
- Medical decision-making authority
Visa Implications:
- Same-sex spouses of Thai nationals can now apply for marriage visas, on the criteria of the immigration orders as read through section 67, not under the Act itself
- Section 15 of the Immigration Act already says “spouse” rather than husband or wife, so a same-sex spouse of a diplomat falls inside it. The limit worth knowing is in the same section’s closing paragraph: in the diplomatic, consular, spouse and children cases the exemption is applied according to Thailand’s international obligations and to reciprocity, so what a particular mission’s spouse receives still depends on the arrangements between the two states
- Foreign same-sex couples can marry in Thailand and receive legal recognition
LTR Visa Updates 2025
The LTR programme is often described as having been loosened in 2025. Checked against what the BOI publishes on its own LTR site, the picture is mixed:
- The four-dependent cap has not gone. The BOI’s own LTR site still publishes it: “Maximum 4 dependents in total per one LTR visa holder”, beside a requirement of health cover of at least USD 50,000, or a deposit of USD 25,000 for each dependent held for twelve months. Reports that the cap was abolished are not reflected in the criteria the BOI applies
- The income tests are published and specific. A Wealthy Pensioner needs unearned or passive income of USD 80,000 a year. Between USD 40,000 and USD 80,000 it can still be done, with a further USD 250,000 invested in Thai government bonds, in a company registered in Thailand, or in Thai property
- Expanded e-visa availability: Applications can be submitted online globally
- New service centre: the Thailand Investment and Expat Services Center (TIESC) opened on 17 March 2025 at One Bangkok on Rama IV Road, merging the One Start One Stop Investment Center with the One Stop Service Center for Visa and Work Permit, and working alongside the Immigration Bureau and the Department of Employment
Digital Visa Improvements
Thailand continues modernizing its visa system with digital enhancements, making it easier to apply for a Thai visa.:
- E-Extension system: Online visa extensions for certain categories
- Thailand Digital Arrival Card (TDAC): Mandatory from May 1, 2025
- Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA): announced in 2024 for visa-exempt travellers, repeatedly postponed, and still not in force as at 3 September 2026. The arrival formality that is actually compulsory is the TDAC
Practical Considerations and Planning for a Dependent Visa in Thailand
When you’re planning to apply for a dependent visa in Thailand, preparation is crucial. It’s best to start the application at least two to three months before you plan to travel. This timeline gives you enough time to collect all needed documents. Translations and certifications can sometimes take longer than you think. Also, remember that embassies can be very busy during peak travel times. This may slow down your process.
Proper document management can significantly simplify your visa journey. Always keep both digital and physical copies of your essential paperwork. When you get documents translated, ensure they are certified by a recognized translator. Thai immigration authorities are strict about this. Additionally, your financial documents, such as bank statements and income proofs, should always be current and easily accessible.
Financial considerations are also a common area of concern. Where a balance is required, as on the sponsor’s own ground, Thai immigration officials usually want to see bank statements that show it kept over time. They do not want to see large deposits made just before your application. If your income documents are from another country, they might need certification from the embassy. They also need an official translation to be accepted in Thailand.
Home-country requirements add another layer of complexity. For some visa categories, you might need an Affidavit of Freedom to Marry from your home country’s embassy. Similarly, criminal background checks are sometimes required, depending on the type of visa you are applying for. Any official documents obtained abroad usually must also be legalized by Thailand’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Regarding employment rights, dependent visa holders may not work without a work permit (section 37 (1) of the Immigration Act). Section 59 of the Emergency Decree on Managing the Work of Aliens opens a permit to anyone admitted temporarily other than for tourism or transit. Holders of Long-Term Resident (LTR) dependent visas may also qualify for digital work permits.
Costs Associated with Dependent Visas in Thailand
Applying for a dependent visa involves initial application expenses and ongoing annual costs. The initial application typically includes embassy fees, which vary by location but generally range from 2,000 to 5,000 THB. Additionally, you’ll pay a standard extension fee of 1,900 THB. Remember to budget for document costs. These usually range from 2,000 to 5,000 THB. This includes translation and legalization fees. These fees can add another 1,000 to 3,000 THB to your total expenses. If multiple family members apply together, expect these costs to multiply accordingly.
On an annual basis, you’ll need to renew your dependent visa, which costs about 1,900 THB per renewal. If you travel outside Thailand, you will need re-entry permits. These cost between 1,000 and 3,800 THB. The price depends on whether you choose single or multiple entries. Fortunately, the required 90-day reporting is free if done personally. However, annual document updates and translations might add another 1,000 to 2,000 THB per year.
Finally, plan for long-term financial commitments. The dependent route sets no bank balance for the dependent. Clause 2.20, as replaced by Immigration Bureau Order 238/2568, asks for the relationship and for an Official or Non-Immigrant visa, not for money in the dependent’s name. The THB 400,000 figure that circulates on expat forums belongs to a different case: marriage to a Thai national, clause 2.18 (6), where the foreign husband must show either an average income of at least THB 40,000 a month or THB 400,000 kept in a Thai bank account for the two months before the application. What the dependent route does test is the sponsor, whose own extension has to stand on its own ground. Depending on the visa category there may also be mandatory health insurance: the LTR dependent category, for instance, requires cover of at least USD 50,000, or a deposit of USD 25,000 per dependent held for twelve months. Lastly, complex visa situations might necessitate professional legal consultations, typically costing between 5,000 and 15,000 THB.
Future Outlook and Recommendations
Anticipated Changes
Thailand continues evolving its immigration policies to attract skilled professionals and investors while maintaining family-friendly policies. Expected developments include:
- Further digitization of visa processes
- Expanded visa validity periods for certain categories
- Streamlined renewal procedures
- Enhanced online services
Strategic Recommendations
For New Applicants:
- Research thoroughly before choosing visa type
- Ensure all documents are properly prepared and translated
- Consider consulting immigration lawyers for complex cases
- Plan financial requirements well in advance
For Current Visa Holders:
- Maintain strict compliance with reporting requirements
- Keep financial documentation current
- Plan renewals well before expiration dates
- Stay informed about policy changes
For LGBTQ+ Couples:
- Take advantage of new marriage equality rights
- Ensure proper documentation of relationships
- Consider long-term implications of marriage registration
- Seek legal advice for complex international situations
What is a dependent visa for a spouse in Thailand?
A dependent visa for a spouse in Thailand lets the legal spouse of a foreign national stay in the country. This visa category helps families stay together. One partner can work, study, or live in Thailand with a different visa.
What are the requirements for the dependent visa application process in Thailand?
The requirements for a dependent visa application usually include a valid marriage certificate. This serves as proof of the relationship. You also need the passport of the visa holder. Additional documents, like financial statements, may be required. It is important to check with the Thai immigration office for any specific requirements based on your situation.
How to apply for a Thai dependent visa?
To get a Thai dependent visa, you can apply at a Royal Thai Embassy or consulate, usually in your home country, or at the immigration bureau in Thailand. Ensure that you have all required documents ready, including the completed visa application form and proof of relationship
What is the duration of stay for a dependent visa holder in Thailand?
A dependent visa typically allows holders to stay in Thailand for up to 90 days initially. It is extendable in one-year increments for as long as the sponsor and requirements continue. This depends on the visa holder’s situation and if they follow Thai immigration laws.
Can a dependent visa holder work in Thailand?
Not automatically. A dependent visa permits residence, not employment. To work legally the person needs a work permit, which section 59 of the Emergency Decree opens to anyone admitted temporarily other than for tourism or transit.
What are the visa fees associated with the Thailand dependent visa?
The visa fee for a Thailand dependent visa varies depending on the application process and the duration of stay. It is a good idea to check the current fees at the Royal Thai Embassy or immigration office. Fees can change from time to time.
What documents are required for the dependent visa application?
To apply for a dependent visa, you usually need a valid marriage certificate. You also need the passport of the visa holder. Immigration offices usually also ask for proof that the sponsor can support you, like bank statements, although clause 2.20 sets no financial test on the dependent. Lastly, include any extra documents the immigration office asks for to support your application.
What happens if the dependent visa expires?
If the dependent visa expires, the holder must leave Thailand. They can also apply for an extension before it expires. Overstaying can result in penalties, including fines and potential bans on re-entering Thailand. It is crucial to monitor the visa validity and renew it as necessary.
How can I leave and re-enter Thailand on a dependent visa?
A dependent visa lets you re-enter Thailand. However, you must get a re-entry permit before you leave the country. You apply for it in Thailand, at an immigration office or at the airport immigration counter before departure; Thai embassies abroad do not issue it. This will keep your visa valid when you return.
Conclusion
Thailand’s spouse and dependent visa system offers many options for expat families. This helps them settle down in the Kingdom for a long time. The recent Marriage Equality Act represents a significant step forward in inclusivity, while ongoing digital improvements continue to streamline application processes.
Success in navigating Thailand’s visa system requires careful preparation, strict compliance with requirements, and staying informed about regulatory changes. Investing in good documentation and legal compliance is important. It provides families with security and stability. This support helps them build their lives in Thailand.
Expats can find different ways to get legal residence. They can apply for a marriage visa with a Thai national. They can also get a dependent visa through family ties to other visa holders. The key is to understand the specific requirements for each visa type. You must also follow ongoing obligations and adapt to changing laws.
With the right preparation, foreign families can make Thailand their home. Thailand offers spouse and dependent visas for this purpose. They can keep their legal status and enjoy the rights and protections under Thai law.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is a dependent visa in Thailand?
It is a Non-Immigrant O visa allowing the spouse, the unmarried children under 20 and, in limited cases, a parent aged 50 or over of a foreigner who holds long-stay permission, such as a work permit, to live in Thailand. The spouse of a Thai national uses the marriage route instead, which has its own financial test.
Who qualifies as a dependent for a Thai dependent visa?
The legal spouse, unmarried children under 20 (or older if ill or disabled and dependent), and a parent aged 50 or over, of a foreigner with long-stay permission such as a Non-B visa and work permit. Family of a Thai citizen apply under the marriage route rather than as dependants.
What are the financial requirements for a spouse or dependent visa?
They vary, but the sponsoring foreigner usually must show a qualifying salary or income, and Thai-spouse cases have their own financial thresholds.
How long is a dependent visa valid?
It is normally tied to the main visa holder’s permission and can be extended one year at a time at immigration.
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