Section 99: Court inspection and appointing experts
Statutory text (Thai original)
ถ้าศาลเห็นว่า จำเป็นที่จะต้องตรวจบุคคล วัตถุ สถานที่หรือตั้งผู้เชี่ยวชาญตามที่บัญญัติไว้ในมาตรา ๑๒๙ และ ๑๓๐ เมื่อศาลเห็นสมควร ไม่ว่าการพิจารณาคดีจะอยู่ในชั้นใด หรือเมื่อมีคำขอของคู่ความฝ่ายใดภายใต้บังคับแห่งบทบัญญัติมาตรา ๘๗ และ ๘๘ ให้ศาลมีอำนาจออกคำสั่งกำหนดการตรวจหรือการแต่งตั้งผู้เชี่ยวชาญเช่นว่านั้นได้บทบัญญัติแห่งมาตรานี้ไม่ตัดสิทธิของคู่ความในอันที่จะเรียกบุคคลผู้มีความรู้เชี่ยวชาญมาเป็นพยานฝ่ายตนได้
English translation
If the court is of the opinion that it is necessary to inspect a person, an object, or a place, or to appoint an expert as provided in Sections 129 and 130, the court, when it thinks fit, at whatever stage of the proceedings, or upon the application of any party, subject to the provisions of Sections 87 and 88, has the power to issue an order prescribing such inspection or the appointment of such an expert.
The provisions of this section do not deprive a party of the right to call a person having expert knowledge as its own witness.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
Section 99 gives the court an active power to gather evidence: to inspect a person, object, or place, or to appoint an expert under Sections 129 and 130, whether on its own motion or on a party's application, at any stage and subject to the disclosure rules in Sections 87 and 88. The second paragraph preserves the party's separate right under Section 98 to call its own expert. Whether to order an inspection or appoint an expert is discretionary, and if the court is not satisfied with an appointed expert's written opinion, it may appoint another under Section 130. The section thus complements party-driven proof with the court's own fact-finding tools.
Why this matters in practice
If a site view or an independent expert would help your case, you can ask the court to order it under Section 99, but be realistic: the court has wide discretion and may refuse where it sees delay or little value. Make the request early and explain concretely how the inspection or expert will resolve a genuine issue. Remember you can also run your own expert under Section 98, and often the two routes are used together.
Supreme Court decisions interpreting this section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 803/2547 (2004)
Whether to order an inspection or site view under Section 99 paragraph one is within the court's discretion, and the court may decline where the view would not benefit the case or would cause delay.
The Supreme Court upheld the trial court's refusal to conduct a site view of the disputed building, holding that ordering an inspection under Section 99 paragraph one is a matter for the court's discretion and the view here would only cause delay.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 1942/2542 (1999)
Where the court has allowed a document to be examined by an expert at a party's own request and the court's expert has examined it and given a detailed and clear opinion, the mere fact that the opinion does not suit that party is no sufficient reason to have another expert examine the document again: that would be a repeat examination with no different result, extravagant and dilatory.
After the evidence had been taken, the plaintiff asked that the disputed loan agreement be sent to the police forensic division to establish whether the text in black ink and the text in blue ink were in the same hand, and the trial court allowed it. The court's expert examined the document and reported that they were not. The Supreme Court held that as the examination had been allowed at the plaintiff's own request and the expert had reported in detail and clearly, the fact that the opinion did not suit the plaintiff was no reason to have another expert examine the document again, and the trial court rightly dismissed that motion. On the merits the borrowing was only 40,000 baht, the figures in blue ink having been added without the defendant's knowledge, so the agreement was a forged document and the loan had no written evidence.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 986/2541 (1998)
Where a person entered on the court's register of experts is summoned by the court, that person is impliedly deemed a court-appointed expert under Section 99, and no separate appointment order is required.
The Supreme Court held that once the court had summoned a registered expert, he was impliedly a court-appointed expert under Section 99, so no duplicate appointment order was needed and his written opinion could stand.
Curated decisions with case numbers verified against the Supreme Court database. English renderings are the firm's editorial translation for study.
Cited in 13 Supreme Court decisions (1963 to 2024)
Selected citing decisions
- Decision 1201/2567 (2024)
- Decision 803/2547 (2004)
- Decision 986/2541 (1998)
- Decision 2372/2539 (1996)
- Decision 58/2531 (1988)
- Decision 2627/2525 (1982)
- Decision 1579/2521 (1978)
- Decision 1192/2506 (1963)
This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.
Most often cited alongside
Sections that appear in the same judgments as this one most often. The figure is the number of decisions.
Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. The count is complete; the stated year range trims rare outliers so it describes where the citations actually sit. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics. How we count these, and what we measured
Frequently asked questions
Can I ask the court to inspect a place or appoint an expert?
Yes. Under Section 99 a party may apply for an inspection of a person, object, or place, or for the appointment of an expert, but the court decides in its discretion.
Can the court refuse a site inspection?
Yes. Ordering an inspection under Section 99 is within the court's discretion, and it may refuse where it would cause delay or add little.
Cite this section
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Plain citation
Civil Procedure Code, s. 99 (Thailand) -
Academic citation
Civil Procedure Code (Thailand), s. 99. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-99/ (accessed 1 September 2026). -
Thai citation
ป.วิ.พ. มาตรา 99 -
Permalink
https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-99/ -
Embed on your site
<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-99/"><p>If the court is of the opinion that it is necessary to inspect a person, an object, or a place, or to appoint an expert as provided in Sections 129 and 130, the court, when it thinks fit, at whatever stage of the proceedings, or…</p><footer>Civil Procedure Code, s. 99 (Thailand): <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-99/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.