Book 2: Obligations

Section 433: Liability for animals

Statutory text (Thai original)

ถ้าความเสียหายเกิดขึ้นเพราะสัตว์ ท่านว่าเจ้าของสัตว์หรือบุคคลผู้รับเลี้ยงรับรักษาไว้แทนเจ้าของจำต้องใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนให้แก่ฝ่ายที่ต้องเสียหายเพื่อความเสียหายอย่างใด ๆ อันเกิดแต่สัตว์นั้น เว้นแต่จะพิสูจน์ได้ว่าตนได้ใช้ความระมัดระวังอันสมควรแก่การเลี้ยงการรักษาตามชนิดและวิสัยของสัตว์ หรือตามพฤติการณ์อย่างอื่น หรือพิสูจน์ได้ว่าความเสียหายนั้นย่อมจะต้องเกิดมีขึ้นทั้งที่ได้ใช้ความระมัดระวังถึงเพียงนั้นอนึ่ง บุคคลผู้ต้องรับผิดชอบดังกล่าวมาในวรรคต้นนั้น จะใช้สิทธิไล่เบี้ยเอาแก่บุคคลผู้ที่เร้าหรือยั่วสัตว์นั้นโดยละเมิด หรือเอาแก่เจ้าของสัตว์อื่นอันมาเร้าหรือยั่วสัตว์นั้น ๆ ก็ได้

Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State

English translation

If damage is caused by an animal, the owner, or the person who undertakes to keep the animal on behalf of the owner, is bound to compensate the injured party for any damage arising therefrom, unless he can prove that he has exercised proper care in keeping it according to its species and nature or other circumstances, or that the damage would have been occasioned notwithstanding the exercise of such care. The person responsible under the foregoing paragraph may exercise a right of recourse against the person who has wrongfully excited or provoked the animal or against the owner of another animal which has caused the excitement or provocation.

This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.

Firm annotation

Section 433 is part of Book 2 (Obligations) of the Thai Civil and Commercial Code. This entry is awaiting firm-authored commentary; the statutory text above is verbatim from the Office of the Council of State (OCS Krisdika) Thai source, with the English translation from the FAO/UN FAOLEX repository. Always rely on the Thai original for legal proceedings.

Cited in 10 Supreme Court decisions (1949 to 2024)

Selected citing decisions

  • Decision 1235/2567 (2024)
  • Decision 6088/2559 (2016)
  • Decision 842/2558 (2015)
  • Decision 2634/2542 (1999)
  • Decision 1686/2493 (1950)
  • Decision 867/2492 (1949)
  • Decision 495/2523 (1980)
  • Decision 1006/2510 (1967)

This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.

Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. The count is complete; the stated year range trims rare outliers so it describes where the citations actually sit. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics. How we count these, and what we measured

Related guides on ThaiLawOnline

Cite this section

  • Plain citation Civil and Commercial Code, s. 433 (Thailand)
  • Academic citation Civil and Commercial Code (Thailand), s. 433. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-433/ (accessed 8 August 2026).
  • Thai citation ป.พ.พ. มาตรา 433
  • Permalink https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-433/
  • Embed on your site <blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-433/"><p>If damage is caused by an animal, the owner, or the person who undertakes to keep the animal on behalf of the owner, is bound to compensate the injured party for any damage arising therefrom, unless he can prove that he has exercised proper care…</p><footer>Civil and Commercial Code, s. 433 (Thailand) — <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-433/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>

The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.

This is educational reference, not legal advice. Consult a qualified Thai lawyer before relying on any provision.

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