Section 406
Statutory text (Thai original)
บุคคลใดได้มาซึ่งทรัพย์สิ่งใดเพราะการที่บุคคลอีกคนหนึ่งกระทำเพื่อชำระหนี้ก็ดี หรือได้มาด้วยประการอื่นก็ดี โดยปราศจากมูลอันจะอ้างกฎหมายได้ และเป็นทางให้บุคคลอีกคนหนึ่งนั้นเสียเปรียบไซร้ ท่านว่าบุคคลนั้นจำต้องคืนทรัพย์ให้แก่เขา อนึ่ง การรับสภาพหนี้สินว่ามีอยู่หรือหาไม่นั้น ท่านก็ให้ถือว่าเป็นการกระทำเพื่อชำระหนี้ด้วยบทบัญญัติอันนี้ท่านให้ใช้บังคับตลอดถึงกรณีที่ได้ทรัพย์มาเพราะเหตุอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่งซึ่งมิได้มีได้เป็นขึ้น หรือเป็นเหตุที่ได้สิ้นสุดไปเสียก่อนแล้วนั้นด้วย
Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State
English translation
Any person who, through an act of performance made by another person or in any other manner, obtains something to the prejudice of such other person without legal ground, must return it to the latter. The acknowledgment of the existence or non-existence of a debt is deemed to be an act of performance. The same provision shall apply if something has been obtained on account of a cause which has not been realized or of a ceased to exist.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
Section 406 is part of Book 2 (Obligations) of the Thai Civil and Commercial Code. This entry is awaiting firm-authored commentary; the statutory text above is verbatim from the Office of the Council of State (OCS Krisdika) Thai source, with the English translation from the FAO/UN FAOLEX repository. Always rely on the Thai original for legal proceedings.
Cited in 66 Supreme Court decisions (1964 to 2025)
Selected citing decisions
- Decision 8012/2568 (2025)
- Decision 4370/2566 (2023)
- Decision 2339/2563 (2020)
- Decision 7894/2561 (2018)
- Decision 2624/2561 (2018)
- Decision 584/2558 (2015)
- Decision 12847/2557 (2014)
- Decision 1122/2557 (2014)
This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.
Most often cited alongside
- Section 419 21
- Section 224 10
- Section 1336 10
- Section 407 8
- Section 193/30 7
- Section 164 5
Sections that appear in the same judgments as this one most often. The figure is the number of decisions.
Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics.
Cite this section
-
Plain citation
Civil and Commercial Code, s. 406 (Thailand) -
Academic citation
Civil and Commercial Code (Thailand), s. 406. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-406/ (accessed 8 August 2026). -
Thai citation
ป.พ.พ. มาตรา 406 -
Permalink
https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-406/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-406/"><p>Any person who, through an act of performance made by another person or in any other manner, obtains something to the prejudice of such other person without legal ground, must return it to the latter. The acknowledgment of the existence or non-existence of a debt…</p><footer>Civil and Commercial Code, s. 406 (Thailand) — <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-406/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.