Section 681
Statutory text (Thai original)
อันค้ำประกันนั้นจะมีได้แต่เฉพาะเพื่อหนี้อันสมบูรณ์ หนี้ในอนาคตหรือหนี้มีเงื่อนไขจะประกันไว้เพื่อเหตุการณ์ซึ่งหนี้นั้นอาจเป็นผลได้จริงก็ประกันได้ แต่ต้องระบุวัตถุประสงค์ในการก่อหนี้รายที่ค้ำประกัน ลักษณะของมูลหนี้ จำนวนเงินสูงสุดที่ค้ำประกัน และระยะเวลาในการก่อหนี้ที่จะค้ำประกัน เว้นแต่เป็นการค้ำประกันเพื่อกิจการเนื่องกันไปหลายคราวตามมาตรา ๖๙๙ จะไม่ระบุระยะเวลาดังกล่าวก็ได้ สัญญาค้ำประกันต้องระบุหนี้หรือสัญญาที่ค้ำประกันไว้โดยชัดแจ้ง และผู้ค้ำประกันย่อมรับผิดเฉพาะหนี้หรือสัญญาที่ระบุไว้เท่านั้น หนี้อันเกิดแต่สัญญาซึ่งไม่ผูกพันลูกหนี้เพราะทำด้วยความสำคัญผิดหรือเพราะเป็นผู้ไร้ความสามารถนั้นก็อาจจะมีประกันอย่างสมบูรณ์ได้ ถ้าหากว่าผู้ค้ำประกันรู้เหตุสำคัญผิดหรือไร้ความสามารถนั้นในขณะที่เข้าทำสัญญาผูกพันตน
Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State
English translation
A suretyship can exist only for a valid obligation.
A future or conditional obligation may be guaranteed against the event of that obligation taking effect, but the contract must state the purpose for which the guaranteed obligation is incurred, the nature of the obligation, the maximum amount guaranteed, and the period during which the guaranteed obligation may be incurred. That period need not be stated where the suretyship is for a series of connected transactions under Section 699.
A contract of suretyship must identify the obligation or the contract guaranteed clearly and expressly, and the surety is liable only for the obligation or contract so identified.
An obligation arising from a contract which does not bind the debtor by reason of mistake or of incapacity may nevertheless be validly guaranteed, if the surety knew of the mistake or the incapacity at the time of entering into the contract.
ThaiLawOnline translation, written from the Thai original and verified
Firm annotation
Section 681 is part of Book 3 (Specific Contracts) of the Thai Civil and Commercial Code. This entry is awaiting firm-authored commentary; the statutory text above is verbatim from the Office of the Council of State (OCS Krisdika) Thai source. The English translation is ThaiLawOnline's own, written from the Thai original and verified against it. Always rely on the Thai original for legal proceedings.
Why this matters in practice
Lawyers: Draft suretyship instruments for future or conditional debts with care — the 2014 amendment makes it essential to specify all four elements (purpose, nature, maximum amount, period) or the guarantee will not be enforceable. Blanket guarantees of unlimited future obligations are no longer valid. Laypeople: Before signing as a guarantor, check that the document states clearly what debt you are guaranteeing, how much, and for how long.
Legislative history
Amended by the Civil and Commercial Code Amendment Act (No. 20) B.E. 2557 (2014), which added the requirement that guarantees of future or conditional debts must specify the purpose of the underlying obligation, its nature, the maximum guaranteed amount, and the period of the debt.
Supreme Court decisions interpreting this section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 5384/2548 (2005)
A guarantee of future obligations is valid where the agreement sufficiently identifies the nature and scope of the obligations to be guaranteed.
A mortgage contract stating that the mortgaged land secured debts already borrowed and those to be borrowed in the future by a member constituted a valid guarantee of future obligations as the necessary elements were sufficiently identified in the agreement.
Curated decisions with case numbers verified against the Supreme Court database. English renderings are the firm's editorial translation for study.
Cited in 27 Supreme Court decisions (1959 to 2025)
Selected citing decisions
- Decision 7125/2568 (2025)
- Decision 4308/2565 (2022)
- Decision 3803/2558 (2015)
- Decision 1268/2555 (2012)
- Decision 1579/2552 (2009)
- Decision 987-988/2552 (2009)
- Decision 5133/2550 (2007)
- Decision 5985/2548 (2005)
This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.
Most often cited alongside
Sections that appear in the same judgments as this one most often. The figure is the number of decisions.
Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. The count is complete; the stated year range trims rare outliers so it describes where the citations actually sit. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics. How we count these, and what we measured
Related guides on ThaiLawOnline
Cite this section
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Plain citation
Civil and Commercial Code, s. 681 (Thailand) -
Academic citation
Civil and Commercial Code (Thailand), s. 681. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-681/ (accessed 8 August 2026). -
Thai citation
ป.พ.พ. มาตรา 681 -
Permalink
https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-681/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-681/"><p>A suretyship can exist only for a valid obligation. A future or conditional obligation may be guaranteed against the event of that obligation taking effect, but the contract must state the purpose for which the guaranteed obligation is incurred, the nature of the obligation, the…</p><footer>Civil and Commercial Code, s. 681 (Thailand) — <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-681/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
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