Section 195: Obligation specified only by kind
Statutory text (Thai original)
เมื่อทรัพย์ซึ่งเป็นวัตถุแห่งหนี้นั้นได้ระบุไว้แต่เพียงเป็นประเภท และถ้าตามสภาพแห่งนิติกรรม หรือตามเจตนาของคู่กรณีไม่อาจจะกำหนดได้ว่าทรัพย์นั้นจะพึงเป็นชนิดอย่างไรไซร้ ท่านว่าลูกหนี้จะต้องส่งมอบทรัพย์ชนิดปานกลางถ้าลูกหนี้ได้กระทำการอันตนจะพึงต้องทำเพื่อส่งมอบทรัพย์สิ่งนั้นทุกประการแล้วก็ดี หรือถ้าลูกหนี้ได้เลือกกำหนดทรัพย์ที่จะส่งมอบแล้วด้วยความยินยอมของเจ้าหนี้ก็ดี ท่านว่าทรัพย์นั้นจึงเป็นวัตถุแห่งหนี้จำเดิมแต่เวลานั้นไป
Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State
English translation
When the thing which forms the subject of an obligation is described only in kind, if its quality cannot be determined by the nature of the juristic act or the intention of the parties, the debtor must deliver a thing of medium quality. If the debtor has done every thing required on his part for the delivery of such thing, or if he on obtaining the consent of the creditor has designated a thing for delivery, such thing becomes from that time the subject of the obligation.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
Section 195 is part of Book 2 (Obligations) of the Thai Civil and Commercial Code. This entry is awaiting firm-authored commentary; the statutory text above is verbatim from the Office of the Council of State (OCS Krisdika) Thai source, with the English translation from the FAO/UN FAOLEX repository. Always rely on the Thai original for legal proceedings.
Cited in 1 Supreme Court decisions (1963 to 1963)
Selected citing decisions
- Decision 339/2506 (1963)
This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.
Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. The count is complete; the stated year range trims rare outliers so it describes where the citations actually sit. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics. How we count these, and what we measured
Cite this section
-
Plain citation
Civil and Commercial Code, s. 195 (Thailand) -
Academic citation
Civil and Commercial Code (Thailand), s. 195. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-195/ (accessed 8 August 2026). -
Thai citation
ป.พ.พ. มาตรา 195 -
Permalink
https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-195/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-195/"><p>When the thing which forms the subject of an obligation is described only in kind, if its quality cannot be determined by the nature of the juristic act or the intention of the parties, the debtor must deliver a thing of medium quality. If the…</p><footer>Civil and Commercial Code, s. 195 (Thailand) — <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-195/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.