Section 303 — Seizing tangible movable property
Statutory text (Thai original)
การยึดสังหาริมทรัพย์มีรูปร่างของลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษานั้น ให้เจ้าพนักงานบังคับคดีกระทำโดย
(๑) นำทรัพย์นั้นมาเก็บรักษาไว้ หรือฝากทรัพย์นั้นไว้ ณ สถานที่ใดหรือแก่บุคคลใดตามที่เห็นสมควรหรือมอบให้ลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาเป็นผู้รักษาทรัพย์นั้นโดยได้รับความยินยอมจากเจ้าหนี้ตามคำพิพากษา
(๒) แจ้งรายการทรัพย์ที่ยึดให้ลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาและผู้ครอบครองหรือผู้ดูแลทรัพย์นั้นทราบ ถ้าไม่สามารถกระทำได้ ให้ปิดประกาศแจ้งรายการทรัพย์ที่ยึดไว้ ณ สถานที่ที่กระทำการยึด หรือแจ้งโดยวิธีอื่นใดตามที่เจ้าพนักงานบังคับคดีเห็นสมควร
(๓) แสดงให้เห็นประจักษ์แจ้งโดยการประทับตราหรือโดยวิธีอื่นใดตามที่เจ้าพนักงานบังคับคดีเห็นสมควรว่าได้มีการยึดทรัพย์นั้นแล้ว
English translation
The seizure of tangible movable property of the judgment debtor shall be carried out by the executing officer by:
(1) taking the property into safekeeping, or depositing it at any place or with any person as the officer sees fit, or entrusting it to the judgment debtor to keep with the consent of the judgment creditor;
(2) giving notice of the list of seized property to the judgment debtor and to the person in possession or in charge of that property; if this cannot be done, posting a notice of the list of seized property at the place where the seizure is made, or giving notice by any other means as the executing officer sees fit;
(3) making it clearly apparent, by affixing a seal or by any other means as the executing officer sees fit, that the property has been seized.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified — always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
This opens Part 3 on the seizure of property and prescribes the mechanics for tangible movables such as goods, machinery, and vehicles without registered title. The three steps are custody, notice, and a visible mark of seizure; leaving the item with the debtor requires the creditor's consent, and where notice cannot be served, posting or another suitable method is allowed. The following sections build on this method for special categories of property, such as registrable movables under Section 304.
Why this matters in practice
For creditors, valid seizure of movables depends on following each step, and leaving goods in the debtor's hands is only proper with your consent, so choose custody carefully to avoid loss or dissipation. For debtors, a seizure that skips notice or a clear mark may be open to challenge. Keep records of what was seized and where it is held.
Supreme Court decisions interpreting this section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 1663/2498 (1955)
When seizing tangible movable property, the executing officer may entrust it to the judgment debtor only with the judgment creditor's consent, or entrust it to another person in possession of it, and must give notice of the seizure to the debtor or that person.
The Court set out the method for keeping seized movable property, namely custody with the debtor by the creditor's consent or with the possessor, together with notice of the seizure. It declined the relief sought because the party had not petitioned for the executing officer to act on the point.
Curated decisions with case numbers verified against the Supreme Court database. English renderings are the firm's editorial translation for study.
Frequently asked questions
How does an executing officer seize movable property?
Under Section 303, the officer takes the property into safekeeping, deposits it, or leaves it with the debtor if the creditor consents; notifies the debtor and possessor of the seized items; and marks the property to show it has been seized.
Can seized goods be left with the debtor?
Yes, but only with the judgment creditor's consent. Section 303(1) also allows the officer to keep the property, deposit it at a suitable place, or entrust it to another person as the officer sees fit.