Section 315: Effect of seizure of property
Statutory text (Thai original)
การยึดทรัพย์สินของลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษานั้นให้มีผลดังต่อไปนี้
(๑) การที่ลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาได้ก่อให้เกิด โอน หรือเปลี่ยนแปลงซึ่งสิทธิในทรัพย์สินที่ถูกยึดภายหลังที่ได้ทำการยึดไว้แล้วนั้น หาอาจใช้ยันแก่เจ้าหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาหรือเจ้าพนักงานบังคับคดีได้ไม่ ถึงแม้ว่าราคาแห่งทรัพย์สินนั้นจะเกินกว่าจำนวนหนี้ตามคำพิพากษากับค่าฤชาธรรมเนียมและค่าฤชาธรรมเนียมในการบังคับคดี และลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาได้กระทำการดังกล่าวแก่ทรัพย์สินที่ถูกยึดเพียงส่วนที่มีราคาเกินจำนวนนั้นก็ตาม
(๒) ถ้าลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาได้รับมอบให้เป็นผู้รักษาทรัพย์สินที่ถูกยึด ลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาชอบที่จะใช้ทรัพย์สินเช่นว่านั้นได้ตามสมควร แต่ถ้าเจ้าพนักงานบังคับคดีเห็นว่าลูกหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาจะทำให้ทรัพย์สินนั้นเสียหายหรือเกรงว่าจะเสียหาย โดยเจ้าพนักงานบังคับคดีเห็นเองหรือเมื่อเจ้าหนี้ตามคำพิพากษาหรือบุคคลผู้มีส่วนได้เสียในการบังคับคดีแก่ทรัพย์สินนั้นร้องขอ เจ้าพนักงานบังคับคดีจะรักษาทรัพย์สินนั้นเสียเองหรือตั้งให้ผู้ใดเป็นผู้รักษาทรัพย์สินนั้นก็ได้
English translation
The seizure of property of the judgment debtor shall have the following effects:
(1) Any creation, transfer, or alteration by the judgment debtor of rights in the seized property after the seizure has been made cannot be set up against the judgment creditor or the execution officer, even if the value of that property exceeds the amount of the judgment debt together with the court costs and the costs of execution, and even if the judgment debtor did so only with respect to the portion of the property whose value exceeds that amount.
(2) If the judgment debtor has been entrusted as the keeper of the seized property, the judgment debtor is entitled to use such property as is reasonable; but if the execution officer is of the opinion that the judgment debtor will cause the property to be damaged, or fears that it will be damaged, whether on the officer's own view or upon the request of the judgment creditor or a person having an interest in the execution against that property, the execution officer may keep the property himself or appoint any person as its keeper.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
Section 315 states the legal effect of seizing a debtor's property and belongs to Part 3 on the seizure of property. Paragraph (1) protects the seizure by making any later dealing by the debtor, such as a sale, mortgage, or other change of rights, ineffective against the judgment creditor and the execution officer, even for value beyond the debt. Paragraph (2) governs custody: a debtor left as keeper may use the property within reason, but the execution officer may reassign custody where damage is threatened. It complements Section 314 on the scope of seizure, and Section 320 states the parallel effect for attached claims. The provision was renumbered by the Civil Procedure Code Amendment Act (No. 30) B.E. 2560 (2017).
Why this matters in practice
Debtors sometimes try to sell or mortgage a seized asset to defeat the creditor. Under Section 315(1) those dealings simply cannot be used against the creditor or the officer, so a buyer or new mortgagee takes nothing that beats the seizure. Creditors who worry a debtor-keeper is running the asset down should ask the execution officer to change the keeper early, on record, rather than wait for the damage. Handling these steps correctly is where a debt collection lawyer adds value.
Cited in 2 Supreme Court decisions (1951 to 1983)
Selected citing decisions
- Decision 419/2494 (1951)
- Decision 2094-2095/2526 (1983)
This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.
Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. The count is complete; the stated year range trims rare outliers so it describes where the citations actually sit. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics. How we count these, and what we measured
Frequently asked questions
Can a debtor sell property after it has been seized?
The debtor may attempt to, but under Section 315(1) any sale, transfer, or new charge made after the seizure cannot be used against the judgment creditor or the execution officer, so it does not defeat the seizure.
Can the debtor keep using seized property?
If entrusted as keeper, the debtor may use it as is reasonable under Section 315(2), but the execution officer may take over custody or appoint another keeper if damage to the property is feared.
Related guides on ThaiLawOnline
Cite this section
-
Plain citation
Civil Procedure Code, s. 315 (Thailand) -
Academic citation
Civil Procedure Code (Thailand), s. 315. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-315/ (accessed 11 August 2026). -
Thai citation
ป.วิ.พ. มาตรา 315 -
Permalink
https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-315/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-315/"><p>The seizure of property of the judgment debtor shall have the following effects: (1) Any creation, transfer, or alteration by the judgment debtor of rights in the seized property after the seizure has been made cannot be set up against the judgment creditor or the…</p><footer>Civil Procedure Code, s. 315 (Thailand) — <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-315/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.