Section 122 — Aiding the enemy in war
English translation
Whoever commits any act to aid the enemy in matters relating to war shall be liable to imprisonment for life or imprisonment of ten to twenty years.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified — always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
Section 122 criminalises giving aid to the enemy in war-related matters and belongs to the chapter on external security. Its elements are an act that assists the enemy and a connection between that assistance and war. The provision is deliberately broad as to the form of aid, so material, logistical or other support can fall within it, provided the war nexus is shown. Unlike Section 120, it is not limited to Thai nationals and does not require the offender to wage war personally. The penalty is life imprisonment or ten to twenty years.
Why this matters in practice
Because the provision covers any form of aid to the enemy, the key factual issues are whether an enemy exists in the relevant sense, whether the accused's conduct amounts to aid, and whether it is connected to war. Exposure is ten years to life imprisonment, and the offence is non-compoundable. Intent and the war nexus are the usual points of defence. Early specialist advice is important; see criminal law in Thailand.
Frequently asked questions
What kind of aid does Section 122 cover?
It covers any act that assists the enemy in matters relating to war. The form of aid is not limited, provided the connection to war is established.
Does Section 122 apply only to Thai nationals?
No. Unlike Section 120, it is not limited to Thai nationals and does not require the offender to wage war personally.