Section 168
Statutory text (Thai original)
การแสดงเจตนาที่กระทำต่อบุคคลซึ่งอยู่เฉพาะหน้าให้ถือว่ามีผลนับแต่ผู้รับการแสดงเจตนาได้ทราบการแสดงเจตนานั้น ความข้อนี้ให้ใช้ตลอดถึงการที่บุคคลหนึ่งแสดงเจตนาไปยังบุคคลอีกคนหนึ่งโดยทางโทรศัพท์ หรือโดยเครื่องมือสื่อสารอย่างอื่น หรือโดยวิธีอื่นซึ่งสามารถติดต่อถึงกันได้ทำนองเดียวกัน
Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State
English translation
A declaration of intention made to a person in his presence takes effect from the time when it becomes known to the receiver of the intention. This also apply to the declaration of intention made by one person to the other through telephone, other communication devices, or other means through which similar communication can be made.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
Section 168 is part of Book 1 (General Principles) of the Thai Civil and Commercial Code. This entry is awaiting firm-authored commentary; the statutory text above is verbatim from the Office of the Council of State (OCS Krisdika) Thai source, with the English translation from the FAO/UN FAOLEX repository. Always rely on the Thai original for legal proceedings.
Cited in 43 Supreme Court decisions (1950 to 2013)
Selected citing decisions
- Decision 6473/2551 (2008)
- Decision 905/2542 (1999)
- Decision 2317/2540 (1997)
- Decision 8252/2538 (1995)
- Decision 730/2538 (1995)
- Decision 621/2538 (1995)
- Decision 4549/2536 (1993)
- Decision 2764/2536 (1993)
This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.
Most often cited alongside
Sections that appear in the same judgments as this one most often. The figure is the number of decisions.
Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics.
Related guides on ThaiLawOnline
Cite this section
-
Plain citation
Civil and Commercial Code, s. 168 (Thailand) -
Academic citation
Civil and Commercial Code (Thailand), s. 168. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-168/ (accessed 8 August 2026). -
Thai citation
ป.พ.พ. มาตรา 168 -
Permalink
https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-168/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-168/"><p>A declaration of intention made to a person in his presence takes effect from the time when it becomes known to the receiver of the intention. This also apply to the declaration of intention made by one person to the other through telephone, other communication…</p><footer>Civil and Commercial Code, s. 168 (Thailand) — <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-168/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.