Book 1: General Principles

Section 9

Statutory text (Thai original)

เมื่อมีกิจการอันใดซึ่งกฎหมายบังคับให้ทำเป็นหนังสือ บุคคลผู้จะต้องทำหนังสือไม่จำเป็นต้องเขียนเอง แต่หนังสือนั้นต้องลงลายมือชื่อของบุคคลนั้น ลายพิมพ์นิ้วมือ แกงได ตราประทับ หรือเครื่องหมายอื่นทำนองเช่นว่านั้นที่ทำลงในเอกสารแทนการลงลายมือชื่อ หากมีพยานลงลายมือชื่อรับรองไว้ด้วยสองคนแล้วให้ถือเสมอกับลงลายมือชื่อ ความในวรรคสองไม่ใช้บังคับแก่การลงลายพิมพ์นิ้วมือ แกงได ตราประทับ หรือเครื่องหมายอื่นทำนองเช่นว่านั้น ซึ่งทำลงในเอกสารที่ทำต่อหน้าพนักงานเจ้าหน้าที่

Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State

English translation

Whenever a writing is required by law, it is not necessary that it be written by the person from whom it is required, but it must bear his signature. A finger print, cross, seal or other such mark affixed to a document is equivalent to a signature if it is certified by the signature of two witnesses. The provisions of paragraph two shall not apply to a finger print, cross, seal or other such mark affixed to a document before the competent authorities.

This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.

Firm annotation

Section 9 is part of Book 1 (General Principles) of the Thai Civil and Commercial Code. This entry is awaiting firm-authored commentary; the statutory text above is verbatim from the Office of the Council of State (OCS Krisdika) Thai source, with the English translation from the FAO/UN FAOLEX repository. Always rely on the Thai original for legal proceedings.

Cited in 45 Supreme Court decisions (1934 to 2025)

Selected citing decisions

  • Decision 3233/2568 (2025)
  • Decision 290/2558 (2015)
  • Decision 6746/2555 (2012)
  • Decision 2978/2553 (2010)
  • Decision 6542/2552 (2009)
  • Decision 4422/2545 (2002)
  • Decision 7156/2541 (1998)
  • Decision 7258/2540 (1997)

This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.

Most often cited alongside

Sections that appear in the same judgments as this one most often. The figure is the number of decisions.

Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. The count is complete; the stated year range trims rare outliers so it describes where the citations actually sit. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics. How we count these, and what we measured

Cite this section

  • Plain citation Civil and Commercial Code, s. 9 (Thailand)
  • Academic citation Civil and Commercial Code (Thailand), s. 9. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-9/ (accessed 28 August 2026).
  • Thai citation ป.พ.พ. มาตรา 9
  • Permalink https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-9/
  • Embed on your site <blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-9/"><p>Whenever a writing is required by law, it is not necessary that it be written by the person from whom it is required, but it must bear his signature. A finger print, cross, seal or other such mark affixed to a document is equivalent to…</p><footer>Civil and Commercial Code, s. 9 (Thailand): <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-civil-code/section-9/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>

The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.

This is educational reference, not legal advice. Consult a qualified Thai lawyer before relying on any provision.

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