Article 267 — Urgent hearing and finality of the order
Texte légal (original thaï)
ให้ศาลพิจารณาคำขอเป็นการด่วน ถ้าเป็นที่พอใจจากคำแถลงของโจทก์หรือพยานหลักฐานที่โจทก์ได้นำมาสืบ หรือที่ศาลได้เรียกมาสืบเองว่าคดีนั้นเป็นคดีมีเหตุฉุกเฉินและคำขอนั้นมีเหตุผลสมควรอันแท้จริง ให้ศาลมีคำสั่งหรือออกหมายตามที่ขอภายในขอบเขตและเงื่อนไขไปตามที่เห็นจำเป็นทันที ถ้าศาลมีคำสั่งให้ยกคำขอ คำสั่งเช่นว่านี้ให้เป็นที่สุดจำเลยอาจยื่นคำขอโดยพลัน ให้ศาลยกเลิกคำสั่งหรือหมายนั้นเสีย และให้นำบทบัญญัติแห่งวรรคก่อนมาใช้บังคับโดยอนุโลม คำขอเช่นว่านี้อาจทำเป็นคำขอฝ่ายเดียวโดยได้รับอนุญาตจากศาล ถ้าศาลมีคำสั่งยกเลิกคำสั่งเดิมตามคำขอคำสั่งเช่นว่านี้ให้เป็นที่สุดการที่ศาลยกคำขอในเหตุฉุกเฉินหรือยกเลิกคำสั่งที่ได้ออกตามคำขอในเหตุฉุกเฉินนั้น ย่อมไม่ตัดสิทธิโจทก์ที่จะเสนอคำขอตามมาตรา ๒๕๔ นั้นใหม่
traduction anglaise
The court shall consider the application as a matter of urgency. If the court is satisfied, from the plaintiff's statement or the evidence the plaintiff has adduced or that the court has itself called to be adduced, that the case is one of emergency and that the application has genuine reasonable grounds, the court shall make an order or issue a writ as requested, within such limits and on such conditions as it sees necessary, immediately. If the court orders the application to be dismissed, such order is final. The defendant may apply forthwith for the court to cancel that order or writ, and the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply mutatis mutandis. Such an application may be made ex parte with the leave of the court. If the court orders the original order to be cancelled in accordance with the application, such order is final. The court's dismissal of an emergency application, or its cancellation of an order issued on an emergency application, does not deprive the plaintiff of the right to submit an application under Section 254 anew.
Cette traduction anglaise est fournie à titre indicatif uniquement et n'a pas encore été vérifiée de manière définitive ; référez-vous toujours à l'original thaï.
Annotation de l'entreprise
Section 267 is the operative procedure for emergency applications opened by Section 266. It compels the court to act at speed and, on being satisfied of genuine urgency and reasonable grounds, to issue the order or writ immediately, subject to limits and conditions. The section then builds in strong finality to keep the fast track fast: an order dismissing the emergency application is final, and so is an order cancelling a measure on the defendant's prompt application. This finality means such orders cannot be taken up on ordinary appeal, whether the cancellation was pursued under this section or considered by the court in the ordinary way. Crucially, finality does not extinguish the underlying claim to relief, since the plaintiff may always start over with a fresh Section 254 application.
Pourquoi cela est important en pratique
The finality rule is a trap for the unwary. If the court dismisses an emergency application for want of urgency, that order cannot be appealed, and an appellate or supreme court that entertains such an appeal acts improperly. Likewise, once a first interim order is made, a defendant who neither applies to cancel under this section nor appeals within the ordinary time lets the order become final. The saving grace is that a dismissal does not bar the plaintiff from filing an ordinary Section 254 application, so a refused emergency request is not the end of the road. Given how fast these move, early conseils juridiques is valuable.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 11700/2555 (2012)
Where the court dismisses an emergency application on the ground that there is no emergency, that order is final under the first paragraph of Section 267, and the plaintiff has no right to appeal. An appellate court that entertains such an appeal acts improperly.
The trial court dismissed the plaintiff's emergency application for interim protection because there was no emergency. The Supreme Court held that under the first paragraph of Section 267 such an order is final, so the plaintiff could not appeal, and the appellate court's decision to entertain the appeal was improper.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 2866/2550 (2007)
Where the appellate court reverses and dismisses in a way that cancels the trial court's emergency provisional measure, that order of the appellate court is final under the second paragraph of Section 267.
After the trial court had modified its emergency provisional order, the appellate court reversed and dismissed the motion, cancelling the trial court's emergency measure. The Supreme Court held that the appellate court's order was final under the second paragraph of Section 267.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 692/2544 (2001)
Once the court has made a first order on an emergency provisional measure, a defendant who neither applies to cancel it under the second paragraph of Section 267 nor appeals within the time under Section 228, paragraph two, lets the order become final.
After the trial court made its first order on an interim measure, the first defendant did not apply to cancel it under the second paragraph of Section 267 or appeal within the time under Section 228, paragraph two. The Supreme Court held the order had therefore become final and stood as preliminary security for the plaintiff's enforcement.
Décisions sélectionnées avec numéros de dossier vérifiés dans la base de données de la Cour suprême. Les versions anglaises sont des traductions éditoriales réalisées par le cabinet à des fins d'étude.
Foire aux questions
Can a plaintiff appeal if the court dismisses an emergency application?
No. Under the first paragraph of Section 267, an order dismissing an emergency application is final and cannot be appealed. However, the plaintiff may still file an ordinary application under Section 254.
How can a defendant challenge an emergency order?
Under Section 267 the defendant may apply forthwith for the court to cancel the order or writ, and may do so ex parte with the court's leave. An order cancelling the original order in line with that application is final.
Does a dismissed emergency application end the plaintiff's chances?
No. The last paragraph of Section 267 preserves the plaintiff's right to submit a fresh application under Section 254 even after an emergency application is dismissed or an emergency order is cancelled.