Reviewed by Wichuda Atthamethakon, LL.M., Thai Bar Licence 3149/2556, for ThaiLawOnline, a Thai law firm acting for foreigners since 2006.
Update log
- 2 November 2026: Added the statute box with Thai, English and French text and checked the page against the official text
Thai sex-offence law is strict, gender-neutral, and unforgiving by Western standards, and after the 2019 amendment to the Penal Code (Act No. 27, B.E. 2562), the maximum penalty for aggravated rape is death. Foreign nationals are tried under the same Criminal Code as Thai citizens, in Thai-language proceedings, often with limited access to bail. Understanding the implications of Sex Crimes in Thailand is crucial for both locals and foreigners.
This guide explains, in plain English, what the law says, what the courts have actually been doing in recent years, and what your rights, as a complainant or as a defendant, look like in practice. It is not legal advice for your specific situation. If you are facing an investigation, charge, or false accusation, speak to a Thai criminal-defence lawyer immediately. Our criminal-law team takes calls 24/7 at +66 87 225 1340.
Corrected 3 October 2026, not a re-review: Penal Code sections 7, 95, 96, 277, 279, 281, 283/2, 285/1 and Criminal Procedure Code section 134/4 were read in our annotated Codes. The age bands now follow the statute (not over fifteen; the no-ignorance rule in section 285/1 is for a child not over thirteen), the right to silence is section 134/4, and the extraterritorial rule is section 7(2 bis), which covers procuring and luring under sections 282 and 283, not every child sex offence by a Thai national. Section 281 was checked and stands. Re-read 6 October 2026 on what the September review left unchecked, the penalties and procedure: Penal Code sections 276 to 287/2, 284/1, 284/2 and 397, Criminal Procedure Code sections 108/1, 110, 133 and 133 bis, and Civil and Commercial Code section 1448 were read in Thai. Workplace and other sexual harassment is now the Section 284/1 offence, not only Section 397; the death penalty for child rape arises only under Sections 277/2 and 277/3, and a family relationship adds one third under Section 285; Section 280 concerns serious harm or death, not coercion; Section 281 makes an indecent act under Section 278 compoundable whether or not the parties are married; Section 277 does not apply between spouses; and several fines are alternatives to prison, not additions. Unsourced claims about a 2017 amendment, sentencing patterns, the date of Section 285/1 and limitation tolling for minors were removed.
Last reviewed: 3 September 2026. This review checked one thing: whether the section-by-section account is current after the Criminal Code Amendment Act (No. 30) B.E. 2568, read in Thai from the Royal Gazette text (vol. 142 part 90 Kor, 29 December 2025, page 7), in force 30 December 2025. It was not. The page presented the 2019 aggravated offence of indecency by penetration under Section 278 as current law, and section 5 of that Act repealed it; the same Act repealed the matching paragraphs of Section 279, restored the wide definition of sexual intercourse in Section 1(18), and created the sexual-harassment offence at Section 284/1, none of which the page carried. Those points are corrected below. What this review did not re-check, said rather than implied: the penalties quoted for the other sections, the procedure and bail passages, and the fees.
Case citations reviewed: 16 September 2026. All ten Supreme Court decisions cited on this page were checked against the Thai text. Five (2055/2568, 3270/2568, 5524/2567, 5681/2568 and 7207/2567) were read as full judgments to their disposition. The other five (975/2508, 619/2513, 4563/2543, 5729/2556 and 13262/2558) were first checked against the Court’s published summary only. Re-checked on 15 October 2026: all five were then read as full judgments to their disposition, which showed that 13262/2558 had been given the facts of 5729/2556; that entry is corrected below. Nine of the ten descriptions did not match the record and were rewritten; four had stated the result the wrong way round. Only 5524/2567 stood as published. The remark that precedent can move a sentence between 7 and 12 years is the firm’s general observation, not something these decisions establish.
Understanding Sex Crimes in Thailand
At a Glance
| Question | Short answer |
|---|---|
| What is the age of consent in Thailand? | 15 under Section 277 of the Criminal Code (lower threshold of 13 for aggravated charges) |
| Is the law gender-neutral? | Yes, since 2007 amendments, “rape” applies regardless of victim or offender gender |
| What is the maximum penalty for rape? | Up to life imprisonment; aggravated forms reach the death penalty (Sections 277/2, 277/3) |
| Is marital rape a crime in Thailand? | Yes, Section 276 explicitly covers it; some compoundable variations exist between spouses (Section 281) |
| Is sexual harassment criminal? | Yes, under Section 284/1 of the Criminal Code since 30 December 2025 (up to one year, more where repeated, public, online or against a child), with a heavier penalty under Section 284/2 where the offender is a superior or employer; Section 16 of the Labour Protection Act adds an administrative fine for harassment by an employer or supervisor |
| Are sex offences bailable? | Discretionary; in practice bail is often denied for aggravated cases or where the victim is a minor |
| What if I’m falsely accused? | Counter-strategies exist |
| Who can help? | A Thai-bar-admitted criminal defence lawyer, same-day urgent line +66 87 225 1340 |
Table of Contents
The Statutory Framework, Where the Law Lives
Thai sex-offence law sits primarily in Chapter IX (Sexual Offences) of the Criminal Code, Sections 276 through 287/2. Important supporting statutes:
- Criminal Code Amendment Act No. 27, B.E. 2562 (2019), raised maximum penalties for aggravated rape to death; added recording-of-the-act as an aggravating factor (Section 280/1)
- Criminal Code Amendment Act No. 19, B.E. 2550 (2007), made the rape offence gender-neutral (replaced “intercourse with a woman” with “sexual penetration of another person”) and recognised marital rape
- Prevention and Suppression of Prostitution Act, B.E. 2539 (1996), supplements Sections 282-286 with administrative offences
- Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act, B.E. 2551 (2008) and amendments through 2019, sexual exploitation overlaps with this regime
- Child Protection Act, B.E. 2546 (2003), child-safeguarding framework that interlocks with Sections 277, 279, 282, 283, 285, 287/1
- Computer Crime Act, B.E. 2550 (2007), Sections 14, 14/1, 16, used for online distribution of obscene content, deepfakes, image-based sexual abuse
- Labour Protection Act, B.E. 2541 (1998), Section 16 (in its 2008 wording) bars an employer, supervisor or inspector from sexually harassing an employee; under Section 147 a breach carries a fine of up to 20,000 THB, an administrative (pinai) fine rather than a criminal one since the Act on Administrative Fines B.E. 2565 (2022)
We track amendments as they happen, see our annotated Thai Criminal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code guide.
The law behind this page
English
Section 276Amended on 28 May 2019
This section defines rape: having sexual intercourse with another person through threat, force, exploitation of a state in which the victim cannot resist, or by impersonating someone else. The basic penalty is four to twenty years imprisonment and a fine of 80,000 to 400,000 baht, rising to fifteen to twenty years and a fine of 300,000 to 400,000 baht, or life imprisonment, where the offender carries a firearm or explosive, uses a weapon, or the act is a gang rape.
Full text
Whoever rapes another person by threat of any kind, by violence, while that person is in a state in which he or she cannot resist, or by causing that person to mistake the offender for another person, shall be liable to imprisonment from four to twenty years and a fine from eighty thousand to four hundred thousand baht. Where the offence under paragraph one is committed by causing the person against whom it was committed to believe that the offender has a firearm or an explosive, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from seven to twenty years and a fine from one hundred and forty thousand to four hundred thousand baht. Where the offence under paragraph one is committed while carrying a firearm or an explosive, or by using a weapon, or by two or more persons acting together in the nature of a gang rape of a woman, or against a man in a like manner, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from fifteen to twenty years and a fine from three hundred thousand to four hundred thousand baht, or to imprisonment for life. Where the offence under paragraph one is committed between spouses and the spouses still wish to live together as husband and wife, the court may impose a punishment less than that prescribed by law to any extent, or may set conditions for supervision of behaviour instead of imposing punishment. Where the court has passed a sentence of imprisonment and one of the spouses no longer wishes to live together as husband and wife and wishes to divorce, that spouse shall so inform the court, and the court shall inform the public prosecutor to bring an action for divorce.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 277Amended on 28 May 2019
This section criminalizes having sexual intercourse with a child not over fifteen years of age who is not the offender's spouse, whether or not the child consents. The penalty is five to twenty years imprisonment and a fine, rising to seven to twenty years or life where the child is not over thirteen, and to mandatory life imprisonment for armed or gang commission.
Full text
Whoever has sexual intercourse with a child not over fifteen years of age, who is not his own wife or her own husband, whether or not the child consents, shall be liable to imprisonment from five to twenty years and a fine from one hundred thousand to four hundred thousand baht. Where the offence under paragraph one is committed against a child not over thirteen years of age, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from seven to twenty years and a fine from one hundred and forty thousand to four hundred thousand baht, or to imprisonment for life. Where the offence under paragraph one or paragraph two is committed by causing the person to believe that the offender has a firearm or an explosive, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from ten to twenty years and a fine from two hundred thousand to four hundred thousand baht, or to imprisonment for life. Where the offence under paragraph one or paragraph two is committed while carrying a firearm or an explosive, or by using a weapon, or by two or more persons acting together in the nature of a gang rape of a girl, or against a boy in a like manner, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment for life. Where the offence under paragraph one is committed by a person not over eighteen years of age against a child over thirteen but not over fifteen years of age, with the child's consent, the Juvenile and Family Court may order measures for the welfare protection of the child or of the offender under the law on child protection instead of imposing punishment. In so deciding the court shall have regard to the age, history, conduct, intelligence, education and training, health, state of mind, habits, occupation and environment of the offender and of the child, to the relationship between them, and to any other matter for the benefit of the child. Where welfare protection measures have been taken under the law on child protection, the offender is not punished. Where those measures do not succeed, the court may impose a punishment less than that prescribed by law for the offence to any extent, having regard to the matters in paragraph five.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 279Amended on 30 December 2025
This section criminalizes committing an indecent act against a child not over fifteen years of age, whether or not the child consents. The penalty is imprisonment of up to ten years, or a fine of up to 200,000 baht, or both; where the child is not over thirteen, one to ten years, or a fine of 20,000 to 200,000 baht, or both; and where the act is done by threat, violence, while the child cannot resist, or by impersonation, one to fifteen years, or a fine of 20,000 to 300,000 baht, or both.
Full text
Whoever commits an indecent act against a child not over fifteen years of age, whether or not the child consents, shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding ten years, or a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand baht, or both. Where the offence under paragraph one is committed against a child not over thirteen years of age, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from one to ten years, or a fine from twenty thousand to two hundred thousand baht, or both. Where the offence under paragraph one or paragraph two is committed by threat of any kind, by violence, while the child is in a state in which he or she cannot resist, or by causing the child to mistake the offender for another person, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from one to fifteen years, or a fine from twenty thousand to three hundred thousand baht, or both. [Paragraphs four, five, six and seven repealed by the Criminal Code Amendment Act (No. 30) B.E. 2568.]
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 278Amended on 30 December 2025
This section criminalizes committing an indecent act against a person over fifteen by threat, force, exploitation of a state in which the person cannot resist, or impersonation. The penalty is imprisonment of up to ten years, a fine of up to 200,000 baht, or both.
Full text
Whoever commits an indecent act against a person over fifteen years of age by threat of any kind, by violence, while that person is in a state in which he or she cannot resist, or by causing that person to mistake the offender for another person, shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding ten years, or a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand baht, or both. [Paragraphs two, three and four repealed by the Criminal Code Amendment Act (No. 30) B.E. 2568.]
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 284/1Amended on 30 December 2025
This section punishes sexually harassing another person where the act does not constitute the offence of an indecent act. The basic penalty is imprisonment not exceeding one year, or a fine not exceeding 20,000 baht, or both. It rises to two years or 40,000 baht where the conduct is continuous or repeated more than once and causes the other person to be unable to lead a normal life; to three years or 60,000 baht where it is committed in a public place, in the presence of others, or in a computer system accessible to the general public; and to five years or 100,000 baht where it is committed against a child not over fifteen years of age, whether or not the child consents. The first three paragraphs are compoundable.
Full text
Whoever sexually harasses another person, where the act does not constitute the offence of an indecent act, shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding one year, or a fine not exceeding twenty thousand baht, or both. Where the offence under paragraph one is committed continuously or is repeated more than once, and causes the other person to be unable to lead a normal life, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding two years, or a fine not exceeding forty thousand baht, or both. Where the offence under paragraph one or paragraph two is committed in a public place, in the presence of others, or in a computer system accessible to the general public, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding three years, or a fine not exceeding sixty thousand baht, or both. Where the offence under this Section is committed against a child not over fifteen years of age, whether or not the child consents, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding five years, or a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand baht, or both. The offences under paragraph one, paragraph two and paragraph three are compoundable offences.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 285Amended on 28 May 2019
This section increases the penalty by one third for the sexual offences listed (Sections 276, 277, 277 bis, 277 ter, 278, 279, 280, 282 and 283) when they are committed against a person in a relationship of trust or authority with the offender, such as an ascendant, a descendant, a sibling of full or half blood, a blood relative, a pupil under care, a person under control by virtue of official duty, a person under guardianship, custody or curatorship, or anyone otherwise under the offender's power.
Full text
Where the offence under Section 276, Section 277, Section 277 bis, Section 277 ter, Section 278, Section 279, Section 280, Section 282 or Section 283 is committed against an ascendant, a descendant, a brother or sister of full blood or of half blood, a blood relative, a pupil under the offender's care, a person under the offender's control by virtue of official duty, a person under the offender's guardianship, custody or curatorship, or a person otherwise under the offender's power, the punishment shall be one third heavier than that prescribed for the offence concerned.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 281Amended on 30 December 2025
This section makes two offences compoundable: rape under Section 276 paragraph one, but only where it is committed between spouses, not in public, and without causing grievous bodily harm or death; and the indecent act under Section 278, where it was not committed in public, did not cause grievous bodily harm or death, and was not committed against a person described in Section 285 or Section 285/2.
Full text
The offences under the following provisions are compoundable offences: (1) Section 276 paragraph one, where committed between spouses, provided the offence was not committed in the presence of others and did not cause the person against whom it was committed to suffer grievous bodily harm or to die; (2) Section 278, provided the offence was not committed in the presence of others, did not cause the person against whom it was committed to suffer grievous bodily harm or to die, and was not committed against a person described in Section 285 or Section 285/2.
ThaiLawOnline translation
Section 285/1Amended on 14 February 2015
Where the listed sexual offences are committed against a child not over thirteen, the offender cannot escape liability by saying they did not know the child's age. Ignorance of age is simply not available as a defence.
Full text
Where an offence under Section 277, Section 279, Section 282 paragraph three, Section 283 paragraph three or Section 283 bis paragraph two is committed against a child not over thirteen years of age, ignorance of the child's age may not be pleaded in order to escape liability for that offence.
ThaiLawOnline translation
ไทย
มาตรา 276แก้ไขเมื่อ 28 พฤษภาคม 2562
ข้อความเต็ม
ผู้ใดข่มขืนกระทำชำเราผู้อื่นโดยขู่เข็ญด้วยประการใด ๆ โดยใช้กำลังประทุษร้าย โดยผู้อื่นนั้นอยู่ในภาวะที่ไม่สามารถขัดขืนได้ หรือโดยทำให้ผู้อื่นนั้นเข้าใจผิดว่าตนเป็นบุคคลอื่น ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่สี่ปีถึงยี่สิบปี และปรับตั้งแต่แปดหมื่นบาทถึงสี่แสนบาท ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่ง ได้กระทำโดยทำให้ผู้ถูกกระทำเข้าใจว่าผู้กระทำมีอาวุธปืนหรือวัตถุระเบิด ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่เจ็ดปีถึงยี่สิบปี และปรับตั้งแต่หนึ่งแสนสี่หมื่นบาทถึงสี่แสนบาท ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่ง ได้กระทำโดยมีอาวุธปืนหรือวัตถุระเบิด หรือโดยใช้อาวุธ หรือโดยร่วมกระทำความผิดด้วยกันอันมีลักษณะเป็นการโทรมหญิงหรือกระทำกับชายในลักษณะเดียวกัน ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่สิบห้าปีถึงยี่สิบปี และปรับตั้งแต่สามแสนบาทถึงสี่แสนบาท หรือจำคุกตลอดชีวิต ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่ง เป็นการกระทำความผิดระหว่างคู่สมรส และคู่สมรสนั้นยังประสงค์จะอยู่กินด้วยกันฉันสามีภริยา ศาลจะลงโทษน้อยกว่าที่กฎหมายกำหนดไว้เพียงใดก็ได้ หรือจะกำหนดเงื่อนไขเพื่อคุมความประพฤติแทนการลงโทษก็ได้ ในกรณีที่ศาลมีคำพิพากษาให้ลงโทษจำคุกและคู่สมรสฝ่ายใดฝ่ายหนึ่งไม่ประสงค์จะอยู่กินด้วยกันฉันสามีภริยาต่อไป และประสงค์จะหย่า ให้คู่สมรสฝ่ายนั้นแจ้งให้ศาลทราบ และให้ศาลแจ้งพนักงานอัยการให้ดำเนินการฟ้องหย่าให้
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 277แก้ไขเมื่อ 28 พฤษภาคม 2562
ข้อความเต็ม
ผู้ใดกระทำชำเราเด็กอายุยังไม่เกินสิบห้าปีซึ่งมิใช่ภริยาหรือสามีของตน โดยเด็กนั้นจะยินยอมหรือไม่ก็ตาม ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่ห้าปีถึงยี่สิบปี และปรับตั้งแต่หนึ่งแสนบาทถึงสี่แสนบาท ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่ง เป็นการกระทำแก่เด็กอายุยังไม่เกินสิบสามปี ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่เจ็ดปีถึงยี่สิบปี และปรับตั้งแต่หนึ่งแสนสี่หมื่นบาทถึงสี่แสนบาท หรือจำคุกตลอดชีวิต ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่งหรือวรรคสอง ได้กระทำโดยทำให้ผู้ถูกกระทำเข้าใจว่าผู้กระทำมีอาวุธปืนหรือวัตถุระเบิด ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่สิบปีถึงยี่สิบปี และปรับตั้งแต่สองแสนบาทถึงสี่แสนบาท หรือจำคุกตลอดชีวิต ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่งหรือวรรคสอง ได้กระทำโดยมีอาวุธปืนหรือวัตถุระเบิด หรือโดยใช้อาวุธ หรือโดยร่วมกระทำความผิดด้วยกันอันมีลักษณะเป็นการโทรมเด็กหญิงหรือกระทำกับเด็กชายในลักษณะเดียวกัน ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตลอดชีวิต ความผิดตามที่บัญญัติไว้ในวรรคหนึ่ง ถ้าเป็นการกระทำโดยบุคคลอายุไม่เกินสิบแปดปีกระทำต่อเด็กซึ่งมีอายุกว่าสิบสามปีแต่ยังไม่เกินสิบห้าปี โดยเด็กนั้นยินยอม ศาลที่มีอำนาจพิจารณาคดีเยาวชนและครอบครัวจะพิจารณาให้มีการคุ้มครองสวัสดิภาพของเด็กผู้ถูกกระทำหรือผู้กระทำความผิดตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองเด็กแทนการลงโทษก็ได้ ในการพิจารณาของศาล ให้คำนึงถึงอายุ ประวัติ ความประพฤติ สติปัญญา การศึกษาอบรม สุขภาพ ภาวะแห่งจิต นิสัย อาชีพ สิ่งแวดล้อมของผู้กระทำความผิดและเด็กผู้ถูกกระทำ ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างผู้กระทำความผิดกับเด็กผู้ถูกกระทำ หรือเหตุอื่นอันควรเพื่อประโยชน์ของเด็กผู้ถูกกระทำด้วย ในกรณีที่ได้มีการดำเนินการคุ้มครองสวัสดิภาพของเด็กผู้ถูกกระทำหรือผู้กระทำความผิดตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองเด็กแล้ว ผู้กระทำความผิดไม่ต้องรับโทษ แต่ถ้าการคุ้มครองสวัสดิภาพดังกล่าวไม่สำเร็จ ศาลจะลงโทษผู้กระทำความผิดน้อยกว่าที่กฎหมายกำหนดไว้สำหรับความผิดนั้นเพียงใดก็ได้ ในการพิจารณาของศาล ให้คำนึงถึงเหตุตามวรรคห้าด้วย
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 279แก้ไขเมื่อ 30 ธันวาคม 2568
ข้อความเต็ม
ผู้ใดกระทำอนาจารแก่เด็กอายุยังไม่เกินสิบห้าปี โดยเด็กนั้นจะยินยอมหรือไม่ก็ตาม ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกไม่เกินสิบปี หรือปรับไม่เกินสองแสนบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่ง เป็นการกระทำแก่เด็กอายุไม่เกินสิบสามปี ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่หนึ่งปีถึงสิบปี หรือปรับตั้งแต่สองหมื่นบาทถึงสองแสนบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่งหรือวรรคสอง ผู้กระทำได้กระทำโดยขู่เข็ญด้วยประการใด ๆ โดยใช้กำลังประทุษร้าย โดยเด็กนั้นอยู่ในภาวะที่ไม่สามารถขัดขืนได้ หรือโดยทำให้เด็กนั้นเข้าใจผิดว่าตนเป็นบุคคลอื่น ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่หนึ่งปีถึงสิบห้าปี หรือปรับตั้งแต่สองหมื่นบาทถึงสามแสนบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ
ข้อความจากฐานข้อมูลประมวลกฎหมายของเรา โปรดตรวจสอบกับข้อความทางการ (Thai text from our annotated code. Check it against the official text.)
มาตรา 278แก้ไขเมื่อ 30 ธันวาคม 2568
ข้อความเต็ม
ผู้ใดกระทำอนาจารแก่บุคคลอายุกว่าสิบห้าปีโดยขู่เข็ญด้วยประการใด ๆ โดยใช้กำลังประทุษร้าย โดยบุคคลนั้นอยู่ในภาวะที่ไม่สามารถขัดขืนได้ หรือโดยทำให้บุคคลนั้นเข้าใจผิดว่าตนเป็นบุคคลอื่น ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกไม่เกินสิบปี หรือปรับไม่เกินสองแสนบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ
ข้อความจากฐานข้อมูลประมวลกฎหมายของเรา โปรดตรวจสอบกับข้อความทางการ (Thai text from our annotated code. Check it against the official text.)
มาตรา 284/1แก้ไขเมื่อ 30 ธันวาคม 2568
ข้อความเต็ม
ผู้ใดคุกคามทางเพศต่อผู้อื่น ถ้าการกระทำนั้นไม่เป็นความผิดฐานอนาจาร ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกไม่เกินหนึ่งปี หรือปรับไม่เกินสองหมื่นบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่งเป็นการกระทำอย่างต่อเนื่องหรือกระทำซ้ำมากกว่าหนึ่งครั้ง และเป็นเหตุให้ผู้อื่นไม่สามารถดำเนินชีวิตได้ตามปกติ ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกไม่เกินสองปี หรือปรับไม่เกินสี่หมื่นบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่งหรือวรรคสองเป็นการกระทำในที่สาธารณสถาน ต่อหน้าธารกำนัล หรือในระบบคอมพิวเตอร์ที่ประชาชนทั่วไปเข้าถึงได้ ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกไม่เกินสามปี หรือปรับไม่เกินหกหมื่นบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามมาตรานี้เป็นการกระทำแก่เด็กอายุไม่เกินสิบห้าปี โดยเด็กนั้นจะยินยอมหรือไม่ก็ตาม ต้องระวางโทษจำคุกไม่เกินห้าปี หรือปรับไม่เกินหนึ่งแสนบาท หรือทั้งจำทั้งปรับ ความผิดตามวรรคหนึ่ง วรรคสอง และวรรคสาม เป็นความผิดอันยอมความได้
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 285แก้ไขเมื่อ 28 พฤษภาคม 2562
ข้อความเต็ม
ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามมาตรา ๒๗๖ มาตรา ๒๗๗ มาตรา ๒๗๗ ทวิ มาตรา ๒๗๗ ตรี มาตรา ๒๗๘ มาตรา ๒๗๙ มาตรา ๒๘๐ มาตรา ๒๘๒ หรือมาตรา ๒๘๓ เป็นการกระทำแก่บุพการี ผู้สืบสันดาน พี่น้องร่วมบิดามารดาหรือร่วมแต่บิดาหรือมารดา ญาติสืบสายโลหิต ศิษย์ซึ่งอยู่ในความดูแล ผู้อยู่ในความควบคุมตามหน้าที่ราชการ ผู้อยู่ในความปกครอง ในความพิทักษ์หรือในความอนุบาล หรือผู้อยู่ภายใต้อำนาจด้วยประการอื่นใด ผู้กระทำต้องระวางโทษหนักกว่าที่บัญญัติไว้ในมาตรานั้น ๆ หนึ่งในสาม
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 281แก้ไขเมื่อ 30 ธันวาคม 2568
ข้อความเต็ม
ความผิดตามมาตราดังต่อไปนี้เป็นความผิดอันยอมความได้ (๑) มาตรา ๒๗๖ วรรคหนึ่ง ซึ่งเป็นการกระทำระหว่างคู่สมรส ถ้ามิได้เกิดต่อหน้าธารกำนัลหรือไม่เป็นเหตุให้ผู้ถูกกระทำรับอันตรายสาหัสหรือถึงแก่ความตาย (๒) มาตรา ๒๗๘ ถ้ามิได้เกิดต่อหน้าธารกำนัล ไม่เป็นเหตุให้ผู้ถูกกระทำรับอันตรายสาหัสหรือถึงแก่ความตาย หรือมิได้เป็นการกระทำแก่บุคคลดังระบุไว้ในมาตรา ๒๘๕ และมาตรา ๒๘๕/๒
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
มาตรา 285/1แก้ไขเมื่อ 14 กุมภาพันธ์ 2558
ข้อความเต็ม
การกระทำความผิดตามมาตรา ๒๗๗ มาตรา ๒๗๙ มาตรา ๒๘๒ วรรคสาม มาตรา ๒๘๓ วรรคสาม และมาตรา ๒๘๓ ทวิ วรรคสอง หากเป็นการกระทำต่อเด็กอายุไม่เกินสิบสามปี ห้ามอ้างความไม่รู้อายุของเด็กเพื่อให้พ้นจากความผิดนั้น
ตรงตามข้อความในราชกิจจานุเบกษา / สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา (Verbatim from the Royal Gazette / Office of the Council of State)
Français
Article 276Modifié le 28 mai 2019
Viol par menace, violence, abus d'un état empêchant de résister ou tromperie sur l'identité: 4 à 20 ans et 80 000 à 400 000 bahts; 7 à 20 ans, arme feinte; 15 à 20 ans ou perpétuité, arme ou réunion. Entre époux voulant rester ensemble: atténuation ou mise à l'épreuve.
résumé non officiel
Article 277Modifié le 28 mai 2019
Rapport sexuel avec enfant de 15 ans au plus, hors conjoint, même consentant: 5 à 20 ans et amende. 13 ans au plus: 7 à 20 ans et amende, ou perpétuité. Arme, explosif, viol collectif: perpétuité. Auteur de 18 ans au plus, enfant consentant dépassant 13 ans: protection possible.
résumé non officiel
Article 279Modifié le 30 décembre 2025
Attentat à la pudeur sur un enfant de 15 ans au plus, même consentant: 10 ans au plus, 200 000 bahts au plus, ou les deux. 13 ans au plus: 1 à 10 ans ou amende. Menace, violence, incapacité de résister, méprise sur l'identité: 1 à 15 ans ou amende.
résumé non officiel
Article 278Modifié le 30 décembre 2025
L'attentat à la pudeur sur une personne de plus de 15 ans, par menace, violence, abus d'un état empêchant de résister ou tromperie sur l'identité, est puni de dix ans d'emprisonnement au plus, de 200 000 bahts d'amende au plus, ou des deux.
résumé non officiel
Article 284/1Modifié le 30 décembre 2025
Harcèlement sexuel hors attentat à la pudeur: 1 an ou 20 000 bahts au plus, ou les deux. Répété et perturbant la vie: 2 ans maximum. En public ou en ligne: 3 ans maximum. Enfant de 15 ans au plus, même consentant: 5 ans maximum. Trois premiers alinéas: transaction possible.
résumé non officiel
Article 285Modifié le 28 mai 2019
Peine aggravée d'un tiers lorsque les infractions des articles 276 à 283 énumérés visent un ascendant, descendant, frère, sœur, parent par le sang, élève sous surveillance, personne sous contrôle officiel, tutelle, curatelle, ou sous l'autorité de l'auteur.
résumé non officiel
Article 281Modifié le 30 décembre 2025
Sont susceptibles de transaction le viol entre époux (article 276, alinéa 1) et l'infraction de l'article 278, s'ils ne sont pas commis en public et n'entraînent ni blessure grave ni décès, et, pour l'article 278, ne visent pas les personnes des articles 285 et 285/2.
résumé non officiel
Article 285/1Modifié le 14 février 2015
Pour les infractions des articles 277, 279, 282 alinéa 3, 283 alinéa 3 et 283 bis alinéa 2 contre un enfant de 13 ans au plus, l'ignorance de l'âge de l'enfant ne peut être invoquée.
résumé non officiel
Supreme Court decisions
- 2417/2540 (1997): Where Penetration Does Not Occur the Offense Is Attempted Rape
Sources
- Penal Code, Office of the Council of State, retrieved 31 October 2026
- deka.supremecourt.or.th, Supreme Court of Thailand decisions database (copy held in our library), retrieved 19 February 2026
Section-by-Section, What the Code Actually Says
Section 276, Rape (general)
Anyone who sexually penetrates another person by coercion, force, abuse of incapacity, or impersonation faces 4-20 years imprisonment and a fine of THB 80,000-400,000. Making the victim believe the offender has a firearm or explosive raises it to 7-20 years; actually having one, using a weapon, or a gang rape raises it to 15-20 years or life imprisonment, and if that aggravated rape causes serious harm the penalty is death or life, and if it causes death the penalty is death (Section 277/3). Marital rape is covered, but specific spouse-context variants are compoundable under Section 281 (the victim can withdraw the complaint).
Section 277, Statutory rape (not over 15)
Sexual intercourse with a child not over 15 who is not the offender’s spouse, regardless of the child’s consent, is 5-20 years and THB 100,000-400,000. If the child is not over 13, it is 7-20 years and THB 140,000-400,000, or life imprisonment. Making the child believe the offender has a firearm or explosive raises it to 10-20 years or life; having a firearm or explosive, using a weapon, or a gang offence carries life imprisonment, and death or life where that offence causes serious harm, and death where it causes death (Section 277/3). A family or custodial relationship adds one third under Section 285. Where the offender is not over 18 and the child is over 13 but not over 15 and consented, the juvenile and family court may order child-protection measures instead of punishment.
Two recent Supreme Court (Dika) decisions clarified scope:
- Dika 5681/2568 (2025), on former Section 277 paragraph four, which made it an aggravated offence to have sexual intercourse with a child aged fifteen or under while having a firearm, whether or not the firearm was used. The Supreme Court held that the firearm must be one ready to be used. The defendant had the pistol in his trouser pocket, close to hand, and had told the child he had just shot someone, which gave reason to believe it was ready for use. The Supreme Court therefore reversed the Region 7 Appeal Court’s acquittal on that count and convicted. The ready-for-use test is real, but on these facts it went against the defence.
- Dika 3270/2568 (2025), the court of first instance convicted on four counts of sexual intercourse with a girl aged fifteen or under with a firearm or knife under former Section 277 paragraph three, imposed life imprisonment on each count, and under Section 91(3) the combined sentence was life. The defendant appealed only for a lighter sentence. The Supreme Court held that his guilt had therefore become final under Section 245 paragraph two of the Criminal Procedure Code, so it would not hear his argument that the evidence left reasonable doubt, and that it could not reduce the sentence because life imprisonment was the only penalty that offence allowed and no mitigating ground under Section 78 appeared.
Section 277/2 escalates the penalty when the victim suffers serious harm (15-20 years or life) or dies (life or death penalty).
Section 278, Indecent act on person over 15
An indecent act on a person over 15 committed by threat, by force, while the victim cannot resist, or by impersonation, up to 10 years or a fine up to THB 200,000, or both. The 2019 amendment had added a separate aggravated offence for penetration with an object or a non-genital body part, but those paragraphs were repealed on 30 December 2025 by the Criminal Code Amendment Act (No. 30) B.E. 2568. That conduct is now sexual intercourse within the meaning of Section 1(18) and is prosecuted as rape under Section 276 or Section 277.
Section 279, Indecent act on child not over 15
Indecent act on a child not over 15, with or without the child’s consent, up to 10 years or a fine up to THB 200,000, or both. Not over 13: 1-10 years or THB 20,000-200,000, or both. Threat, force, or taking advantage of a child who cannot resist raises it to 1-15 years or THB 20,000-300,000, or both (Section 279 paragraph three); Section 280 applies only where the act causes serious harm or death. Dika 7207/2567 (2024) arose from convictions under this section for indecent acts on children aged fifteen or under and thirteen or under; what it decided concerns appeal procedure and is summarised under Supreme Court precedent below.
What the December 2025 Act changed. The Criminal Code Amendment Act (No. 30) B.E. 2568 came into force on 30 December 2025 and reshaped this part of the Code in three ways. It restored the wide definition of sexual intercourse in Section 1(18), so penetration by an object or by a body part other than the genitals counts again as sexual intercourse; it repealed the penetration paragraphs the 2019 Act had inserted into Sections 278 and 279, so that conduct now falls under Section 276 or Section 277; and it created a new offence of sexual harassment at Section 284/1, punishable by up to one year and THB 20,000, rising to two years where the conduct is repeated and the victim cannot lead a normal life, three years in a public place or in a computer system the general public can reach, and five years where the victim is a child not over fifteen. Section 284/2 adds up to three years where the offender holds authority over the victim as a superior or an employer.
Section 280, Aggravation: serious harm or death
If conduct under Sections 278 or 279 causes serious physical or mental harm, the penalty range is 5-20 years or life. If it causes death, the penalty is life or death.
Section 280/1, Recording the offence (added 2019)
If the offender records or photographs the act for personal or commercial benefit, the penalty under the underlying section is increased by one-third. Distribution of the recording increases it by one-half.
Section 281, Compoundable cases
Several sub-categories are compoundable (can be settled or withdrawn): rape between spouses under Section 276 paragraph one, if not committed in public and causing no serious harm or death; and an indecent act under Section 278 that is not committed in public, causes no serious harm or death and is not against a person listed in Section 285 or Section 285/2 (spouse or not). Sections 284 and, for victims over 15, 283/2 are compoundable too. This is the basis for many real-world settlements, but you cannot compound a non-compoundable offence by paying the victim; the public prosecutor still has standing.
Section 282, Procuring for sexual gratification
Procuring a person (male or female) for indecent acts, 1-10 years and THB 20,000-200,000, even with consent. Higher floors for victims aged 15-18 (3-15 years) or not over 15 (5-20 years).
Section 283, Procuring by deceit, threat, force, or undue influence
5-20 years and up to THB 400,000, escalating for victims over 15 but not over 18 (7-20 years or life) and, for a child not over 15, 10-20 years, life imprisonment or death.
Section 283/2, Taking a 15-18-year-old for indecent purposes
Even with consent, up to 5 years or THB 100,000. Not over 15: up to 7 years.
Section 284, Taking another person for indecent purposes by deceit, threat, force, or undue influence
1-10 years and THB 20,000-200,000. Compoundable.
Section 285, Aggravation: family, custodial relationship
If the victim is a lineal ascendant or descendant, sibling, blood relative, pupil under the offender’s care, ward, person in custody, or person under the offender’s authority, the penalty under the relevant section is increased by one-third. The 2024 decision Dika 5524/2567 applied this to a former partner of the child’s mother who continued to act in loco parentis even after separation, the “authority” need not be formal custody.
Section 285/1, Strict liability under age 13
For Sections 277, 279, 282(3), 283(3), 283/2(2), where the victim is not over 13, the defendant cannot plead ignorance of the victim’s age.
Sections 286-287/1, Prostitution, obscenity, child sexual abuse material
- Section 286, assisting, facilitating, profiting from another’s prostitution: up to 20 years or life.
- Section 287, production, possession-for-distribution, import/export of obscene material: up to 3 years.
- Section 287/1, possession of child sexual abuse material (CSAM) for sexual gratification: up to 5 years or THB 100,000, or both; forwarding it to another person: up to 7 years or THB 140,000, or both. Production and trading in it fall under Section 287/2, 3-10 years.
How the Courts Actually Decide These Cases, A Short Tour of Supreme Court Precedent
The black-letter law tells you the range; the Supreme Court (Dika) decisions tell you what really matters at trial.
Dika 4563/2543 (2000), The defendant approached the victim to rape her as she stood against a balcony railing that came only to her hips. She struggled to resist, fell from the balcony and later died of her injuries. The Supreme Court held that he must have foreseen that a victim resisting in that position could fall to her death, that the death was a direct result of his act, and that this was killing with intent under Section 288, intent being established by foresight of the result under Section 59 paragraph two. The conviction was for murder, not for a lesser offence of causing death, with 20 years’ imprisonment; the two companions who stood nearby were acquitted, because their presence alone did not show that they took part.
Dika 5729/2556 (2013) & Dika 13262/2558 (2015), Both turn on a defendant who believed the victim was already dead. In 5729/2556 the first defendant attempted to rape the victim, used force until she was unconscious, and left her at a reservoir believing she was dead. The Supreme Court held that because he did not know she was still alive, he could not be taken to have intended or foreseen her death; the knowledge required by Section 59 paragraph three was missing, so the killing was not murder under Section 288. It upheld his conviction for causing death by negligence under Section 291, together with attempted rape. 13262/2558 applies the same rule outside a sexual offence: after the first defendant shot the victim, two co-defendants helped burn the pickup truck with the victim inside, believing the victim was already dead; the victim was still alive and died in the fire. They had no intent to kill, but they had not checked, so they were convicted of causing death by negligence under Section 291 and of arson (and, because a living body is not a corpse, nobody was guilty of concealing a corpse under Section 199). Lack of intent to kill did not mean acquittal.
Dika 2055/2568 (2025), Section 317 (taking a child aged fifteen or under away from her parents for an indecent purpose). The defendant arranged by message to be let into the child’s home at night and had intercourse with her, with her consent, in her own bedroom. The trial court convicted him both of sexual intercourse with a child aged fifteen or under under Section 277 and of taking a child under Section 317. The Region 7 Appeal Court acquitted on the Section 317 count and the Supreme Court upheld the acquittal: “taking” means taking the child away or separating her from her parents’ care, and a defendant who did not take the child anywhere lacks that element. The Section 277 conviction stood, because the consent of a child aged fifteen or under is no defence to it.
Dika 7207/2567 (2024), The trial court accepted the defendant’s further appeal only on the count of sexual intercourse with a child aged thirteen or under, refused it on the other counts, and never told him of that refusal. The Supreme Court held that failing to notify him was irregular, because he could have challenged the refusal under Section 224 of the Criminal Procedure Code. It nevertheless declined to send the case back: the Appeal Court had affirmed sentences of no more than five years on each of those counts, so Section 218 barred any further appeal on the facts, and asking for a lighter sentence is an appeal on the facts. On the remaining count it refused to reduce a sentence it described as already lenient. A procedural irregularity that could not change the outcome did not reopen the case.
Dika 5524/2567 (2024), Sexual abuse by a man who had previously cohabited with the child’s mother and continued to act in loco parentis. The Supreme Court applied Section 285 (family-relationship aggravation) despite the absence of formal custody. Important for foreign step-fathers who may not realise the broader scope of “authority” under Thai law.
Dika 975/2508 (1965) & Dika 619/2513 (1970), Both concern a killing committed in the course of a sexual offence, where the person killed was not the intended victim but someone who tried to stop it. In 975/2508 the defendant and others were abducting a woman in order to commit indecent acts on her and rape her; her father ran after them, and the defendant ordered an accomplice to shoot him dead. In 619/2513 the defendant struck a man on the head with a solid bamboo pole, fracturing his skull, while seizing a woman from him in order to rape her, and the Court inferred intent to kill from the force of the blow. Both were convicted of aggravated murder under Section 289(6), a killing to prepare for or facilitate another offence, and 975/2508 also under Section 289(7), a killing to secure the benefit of another offence.
We cite Dika decisions frequently because Thai courts often treat them as highly persuasive in sentencing, the difference between 7 and 12 years often hinges on which precedent your lawyer can cite.
Special Categories
Marital Rape
Recognised since the 2007 amendment. Section 276 applies to spouses. Section 281 makes certain marital-context variants compoundable, meaning the victim can settle and withdraw. In practice, many marital cases resolve via separation and civil agreement rather than criminal trial. See our divorce in Thailand guide and domestic violence in Thailand for adjacent remedies.
Workplace Sexual Harassment
Three routes: criminal under Section 284/1, the sexual-harassment offence in force since 30 December 2025 (up to one year or THB 20,000, with heavier bands for repeated, public or online conduct), aggravated under Section 284/2 to up to three years or THB 60,000 where the offender exploits authority as a superior or employer; the older general offence of harassment or annoyance under Section 397 (a fine up to THB 10,000; in public, up to one month or the fine) still applies to conduct that is not sexual; and labour-administrative under Section 16 of the Labour Protection Act (an employer, supervisor or inspector may not sexually harass an employee; a breach carries an administrative fine of up to THB 20,000 under Section 147). Tort claims for emotional damage are available under Section 420 of the Civil and Commercial Code. See Thai labour law overview.
Online Offences (Image-Based Abuse, Deepfakes, Sextortion)
Section 14(4) of the Computer Crime Act criminalises introducing obscene content into a computer system. It is used against revenge porn, sharing intimate images of another person without consent. Penalty: up to 5 years or THB 100,000, or both.
Section 16 of the same Act criminalises publishing edited/manipulated images of a deceased person or causing harm to a living person; it is the provision that reaches deepfakes.
CSAM-specific offences are prosecuted under Section 287/1 of the Criminal Code and Section 14(4) and 14(5) of the Computer Crime Act together.
Sex Tourism and Cross-Border Exploitation
Thailand has extraterritorial jurisdiction under Section 7(2 bis) of the Criminal Code over the procuring and luring offences in Sections 282 and 283 committed abroad, whoever commits them, and Section 8 can reach other offences committed abroad by or against Thai nationals; and Thailand actively cooperates with foreign authorities for extradition of foreign nationals wanted for child sex offences. See our extradition from Thailand guide.
Prostitution-Adjacent Offences
Prostitution itself is technically illegal under the Prevention and Suppression of Prostitution Act, but enforcement targets the surrounding ecosystem, pimps (Section 286), traffickers (Anti-Trafficking Act), procurers (Section 283), establishment operators. See our prostitution laws in Thailand for the practical reality.
If You Are Accused, Defence Strategy in Thailand
Sex-offence charges in Thailand carry serious consequences before any conviction: bail is often denied, your visa and work permit can be flagged, employer notification can be triggered. The first 48 hours are decisive. Practical guidance:
Step 1, Don’t speak to police without a lawyer
You have the right under Section 134/4 of the Criminal Procedure Code to remain silent and to have a lawyer present from the first questioning. Confused or contradictory statements made in a Thai-language interview without a defence lawyer are the single most common source of preventable convictions we see. See foreigner arrested in Thailand.
Step 2, Apply for bail immediately
Bail (temporary release) is governed by Sections 106-119 bis of the Criminal Procedure Code. Under Section 108/1 it may be refused only for a stated reason, such as a risk of flight or of interference with evidence, and under Section 110 a release on a charge carrying more than ten years must be on a bail bond, which covers most Section 276-280 offences. Your defence team should prepare a bail package within 24 hours: surety, employment evidence, family ties to Thailand, surrendered passport, medical/psychological assessment. Strong packages are accepted; rushed ones are denied. See bail in Thailand.
Step 3, Preserve evidence in your favour
- Phone records showing the alleged victim’s contact pattern before and after the alleged incident
- Hotel/CCTV footage (preserve within 30 days, most venues overwrite at 30)
- Independent witnesses who saw your interaction
- Medical/expert rebuttal evidence (DNA chain-of-custody errors are surprisingly common)
Step 4, Build the procedural attack
Many real cases are won not on factual innocence but on procedural defects: improper warrant, missing translation of caution, a female victim of a sexual offence questioned by a male inquiry officer without her consent or a recorded reason (Section 133), a child questioned without the psychologist or social worker and prosecutor Section 133 bis requires, missing video recording of interview where required, defective complaint. A defect helps only if it could change the outcome: in Dika 7207/2567 the Supreme Court found that the trial court had failed to notify the defendant of a ruling, called that irregular, and still declined to send the case back because the further appeal he was denied was barred by law in any event.
Step 5, Consider Section 281 compounding (where applicable)
Where the offence is compoundable and the complainant is willing to withdraw, a structured settlement through court-annexed mediation is often the right outcome. This is not always available, and any settlement must be clean of any appearance of coercion, clumsy settlements have produced fresh charges of intimidation or witness tampering.
Common false-accusation patterns we see
We’ve defended foreigners against:
- Demands for money following consensual encounters (Section 337 extortion counter-charges available)
- Custody/divorce disputes where rape is alleged to leverage child custody (see child custody)
- Workplace disputes where harassment claims are used as leverage in dismissal negotiations
- Tourist-zone “sting” patterns near nightlife venues
These cases need early evidence-preservation work. The longer you wait, the more your text-message and CCTV evidence disappears.
If You Are a Victim, Reporting and Protecting Yourself
The Thai system is complainant-led for many sex offences. Practical steps:
- Seek medical care first at a hospital with a forensic medical unit (Police General Hospital in Bangkok, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Ramathibodi, Siriraj). Ask for a Forensic Examination Form (รายงานการตรวจชันสูตร).
- Report to the police, for foreigners, the Tourist Police (1155) can route to the appropriate jurisdiction; if you live in Thailand, the local district station handles it.
- Get a protection order under the Domestic Violence Protection Act if the offender is or was a partner.
- Consult a lawyer, even at complainant stage. Strategic decisions early (compounding vs. prosecution, civil claim filed alongside the criminal case under Section 44/1 of the Criminal Procedure Code) shape the entire outcome.
Our Criminal Defence Practice, Who We Are
Our team includes Thai-bar-admitted criminal defence attorneys with active experience in sex-offence trials in Bangkok, Pattaya, Phuket, Chiang Mai, and Koh Samui courts. We handle:
- Pre-charge representation, the most leverage is at the police-investigation stage
- Bail applications for foreign nationals
- Trial defence including DNA challenges, witness cross-examination, procedural motions
- Appeals to the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court
- Cross-border issues, extradition, foreign-conviction transfer, mutual legal assistance
- False-accusation defence including counter-complaints for extortion (Section 337) and false reporting (Section 173)
Fees: Pre-charge consultation THB 5,000 (90 min) with our team in English, Thai or French. Full trial representation is quoted after case assessment, typical range THB 350,000-1,200,000 for first-instance defence depending on complexity.
Speak to a criminal defence lawyer now or call our 24-hour urgent line: +66 87 225 1340 (EN/FR) / +66 87 414 9288 (TH).
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the age of consent in Thailand?
15 under Criminal Code Section 277. Penalties are higher when the victim is 13 or under. Section 277 does not apply between spouses, but marriage itself requires both parties to be 18, unless a court permits an earlier marriage for good reason (Civil and Commercial Code Section 1448).
Is the law gender-neutral in Thailand?
Yes, since the 2007 amendment to Section 276. “Rape” applies to any sexual penetration of any person without consent, regardless of the gender of either party.
Is marital rape a crime in Thailand?
Yes. Section 276 explicitly includes spouses. Certain marital variants are compoundable under Section 281 (withdrawable by the victim).
What is the maximum penalty for rape in Thailand?
Standard rape: 4-20 years and a fine. Aggravated rape (with firearm, in groups, or causing serious harm or death): up to life imprisonment or the death penalty.
Are sex-offence charges bailable in Thailand?
The court decides under Sections 108 and 108/1 of the Criminal Procedure Code and may refuse bail only on a ground listed in Section 108/1. In practice, bail is often denied for aggravated cases or cases involving minors. A well-prepared bail package within the first 24 hours significantly improves the odds.
What about workplace sexual harassment?
Covered criminally by Section 284/1 of the Criminal Code (since 30 December 2025), with a heavier penalty under Section 284/2 where the harasser is a superior or employer, and under labour law by Section 16 of the Labour Protection Act (an administrative fine under Section 147). Civil tort claims under Section 420 of the Civil and Commercial Code are also available.
Is sex with a 15-year-old legal if the older partner did not know the age?
For victims over 13 but not over 15, reasonable mistake of age may be a defence in narrow circumstances. For victims not over 13, Section 285/1 forbids any “I didn’t know” defence.
What if I’m falsely accused?
Get a lawyer before talking to anyone. Counter-charges for extortion (Section 337) or false reporting (Section 173) are available where the accusation is fabricated. Early preservation of phone records, CCTV, and witness statements is critical.
Can a foreign national be extradited from Thailand for child sex offences abroad?
Yes. Thailand has extradition treaties with many countries. Under Section 7(2 bis) of the Criminal Code, procuring or luring a person for an indecent purpose under Sections 282 and 283 is punishable in Thailand even when committed abroad, whoever commits it, and Section 8 can reach other offences committed abroad by or against a Thai national. See our extradition guide.
Does posting intimate images of an ex-partner without consent count as a sex crime in Thailand? It is prosecuted under Section 14(4) of the Computer Crime Act
It is prosecuted under Section 14(4) of the Computer Crime Act (introducing obscene content into a computer system) combined with Sections 287 / 287/1 of the Criminal Code where applicable. Penalties are real and cases are increasing.
Can the victim withdraw a complaint?
Only for compoundable offences: the cases listed in Section 281, Section 283 bis paragraphs one and three where the person taken is over 15, Section 284, and sexual harassment under Section 284/1 paragraphs one to three. Aggravated rape and child sex offences are non-compoundable: the public prosecutor proceeds regardless of the victim’s wishes.
Is sex work itself a sex crime in Thailand?
12. Is sex work itself a sex crime in Thailand? Not directly, but procuring, facilitating, profiting from, and operating venues for prostitution are all offences under Sections 282-286 and the Prevention and Suppression of Prostitution Act. See our prostitution laws in Thailand.
I was sexually assaulted in Thailand and want to report. Where do I start?
The Tourist Police (call 1155) can route you to the nearest police station with a foreigner-trained officer. Seek medical attention at a hospital with a forensic unit first and request a forensic examination report. Then call a Thai criminal lawyer to walk you through the complaint procedure, early strategic advice often determines whether a civil claim can be joined to the criminal case.
Do you take both defence and complainant cases?
We handle defence for accused foreign nationals (and Thai citizens). We could help complainant representation for foreign victims. We do not represent both sides of the same matter, and we apply standard conflict checks at intake.
What is the statute of limitations on sex offences in Thailand?
Under Section 95 of the Criminal Code, it depends on the maximum penalty for the specific offence: 1, 5, 10, 15, or 20 years from the date of the offence. Aggravated rape (life or death) carries a 20-year limit. Time runs from the date of the offence, under Section 95. Speak to a lawyer for a specific calculation.
When to Call a Criminal Defence Lawyer
Immediately, if any of the following apply:
- You have been contacted by police about a sexual incident, even informally
- You have received a complaint or warning letter
- You are being asked to “settle” outside formal channels
- Your visa or work permit has been flagged
- You are at the airport and an alert is in your name
- A family member is in custody
Our urgent line answers 24/7: +66 87 225 1340 (EN/FR) / +66 87 414 9288 (TH).
For non-urgent enquiries: book a confidential consultation.
Related ThaiLawOnline Resources
- Criminal Law in Thailand, practice overview
- Thai Criminal Code, Annotated Bilingual
- Criminal Procedure Code
- Foreigner Arrested in Thailand
- Bail in Thailand
- Court Procedures in Thailand
- Legal Interpreters in Thai Courtrooms
- Domestic Violence in Thailand
- Prostitution Laws in Thailand
- Age of Consent in Thailand
- Extradition from Thailand
- Drug Laws and Criminal Defence
- DUI Laws and Penalties
- Fraud and Scam Laws
- Defamation Laws (Criminal Charges)
- White Collar Crimes
- Police Clearance Certificate Thailand
- Child Custody
- Contested Divorce
- Book a Consultation
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