11 — เหตุคัดค้านผู้พิพากษา

คำแปลภาษาไทย

When a case reaches a court, any one of the judges of that court may be challenged on any one of the following grounds:
(1) if that judge has an interest involved in the case;
(2) if the judge is a relative connected with either party, that is, an ascendant or descendant of whatever degree, or a sibling or cousin counted within three degrees, or a relative by marriage counted within two degrees;
(3) if the judge has been cited as a witness who knew or saw the events, or as an expert having special knowledge relating to the case;
(4) if the judge has been, or has acted as, the statutory representative or the agent, or has been the advocate, of either party;
(5) if the judge has sat in the trial of the same case in another court, or has acted as an arbitrator;
(6) if there is another case under consideration in which the judge himself, or the judge's wife, or a relative of the judge in the direct ascending or descending line, on the one side, is in dispute with either party, or with the wife, or a relative in the direct ascending or descending line of that party, on the other side;
(7) if the judge is a creditor or debtor, or is the employer, of either party.

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