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Thai Law Library · ห้องสมุดกฎหมายไทย
Thailand’s codified law, made readable.
Five Thai legal codes, the Foreign Business Act, the Civil Registration Act and 120 curated Supreme Court decisions, selected from the 84,494 held in our Vortex research corpus on 17 September 2026, in Thai and English side by side, with a plain-language note on what each provision actually does. Free to read.
Updated every week
Thai law changes every week. So does this site.
New Supreme Court decisions and Royal Gazette publications are added to Vortex, our research corpus, every week. The annotated codes, the decision library, the legal news and the guides on this site are then reviewed against them, section by section.
- 1. AI reads at scaleIt scans the official sources, spots what changed and checks section numbers and citations across the site.
- 2. The source decidesEach change is compared with the official text: the Royal Gazette and the Supreme Court database.
- 3. People stay responsibleOur legal team decides what a change means for foreigners in Thailand. Where a rule is unsettled, we say so.
Figures counted on 17 September 2026. They are recounted automatically every week. How we count · This week in Thai law
The Library
Every code, every book, every chapter.
This is the full index. Pick a chapter to see its sections, or open a code to read it end to end. Each section page carries the Thai text, the English translation, a plain-language note, and links to the guides and Supreme Court decisions that apply to it.
Civil and Commercial Code
ประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ · 1,846 sections
Six books covering persons, contracts, obligations, property, family and succession. Every section has its own page with the Thai original, the English translation and a plain-language note.
Penal Code
ประมวลกฎหมายอาญา · 448 sections
Three books: general rules of criminal liability, the specific offences, and petty offences. Browse by chapter or go straight to a section.
- Book 1: General Provisions
- Title 1: Provisions Applicable to General Offences
- Chapter 1: Definitions
- Chapter 2: Application of the Penal Code
- Chapter 3: Punishments and Measures of Safety
- Chapter 4: Criminal Liability
- Chapter 5: Attempt
- Chapter 6: Principals and Supporters
- Chapter 7: Concurrence of Offences
- Chapter 8: Repeat Offences
- Chapter 9: Prescription
- Title 2: Provisions Applicable to Petty Offences
- Book 2: Specific Offences
- Title 1: Offences Relating to the Security of the Kingdom
- Chapter 1: Offences against the King, Queen, Heir-apparent and Regent
- Chapter 2: Offences against the Internal Security of the Kingdom
- Chapter 3: Offences against the External Security of the Kingdom
- Chapter 4: Offences against Friendly Relations with Foreign States
- Title 1/1: Offences of Terrorism
- Title 2: Offences Relating to Public Administration
- Chapter 1: Offences against Officials
- Chapter 2: Malfeasance in Office
- Title 3: Offences Relating to Justice
- Chapter 1: Offences against Judicial Officials
- Chapter 2: Malfeasance in Judicial Office
- Title 4: Offences Relating to Religion
- Title 5: Offences Relating to Public Peace
- Title 6: Offences Causing Public Dangers
- Title 7: Offences Relating to Counterfeiting and Alteration
- Chapter 1: Offences Relating to Currency
- Chapter 2: Offences Relating to Seals, Stamps and Tickets
- Chapter 3: Offences Relating to Documents
- Chapter 4: Offences Relating to Electronic Cards
- Chapter 5: Offences Relating to Passports
- Title 8: Offences Relating to Trade
- Title 9: Offences Relating to Sexuality
- Title 10: Offences against Life and Body
- Chapter 1: Offences against Life
- Chapter 2: Offences against Body
- Chapter 3: Offences of Causing Abortion
- Chapter 4: Abandonment of Children, Sick Persons or Aged Persons
- Title 11: Offences against Liberty and Reputation
- Chapter 1: Offences against Liberty
- Chapter 2: Offences of Disclosure of Private Secrets
- Chapter 3: Offences of Defamation
- Title 12: Offences against Property
- Chapter 1: Theft and Snatching
- Chapter 2: Extortion, Blackmail, Robbery and Gang-Robbery
- Chapter 3: Cheating and Fraud
- Chapter 4: Cheating against Creditors
- Chapter 5: Misappropriation
- Chapter 6: Receiving Stolen Property
- Chapter 7: Mischief
- Chapter 8: Trespass
- Title 13: Offences Relating to Dead Bodies
- Book 3: Petty Offences
Civil Procedure Code
ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความแพ่ง · 474 sections
How a civil case runs from filing to enforcement: jurisdiction, parties, evidence, judgment, appeal, provisional measures and execution.
- Book 1: General Provisions
- Title 1: Definitions
- Title 2: Courts
- Chapter 1: Jurisdiction of the Courts
- Chapter 2: Challenge of Judges
- Chapter 3: Powers and Duties of the Courts
- Chapter 4: Court Hearings
- Chapter 5: Reports and Case Files
- Title 3: Parties
- Title 4: Filing and Service of Pleadings and Documents
- Title 5: Evidence
- Chapter 1: General Principles
- Chapter 2: Attendance and Examination of Witnesses
- Chapter 3: Documentary Evidence
- Chapter 4: Inspection and Court-Appointed Experts
- Title 6: Judgments and Orders
- Chapter 1: General Principles of Adjudication
- Chapter 2: Content and Effect of Judgments and Orders
- Chapter 3: Costs and Court Fees
- Part 1: Assessment, Payment and Waiver of Court Fees
- Part 2: Ultimate Liability for Costs
- Book 2: Procedure in Courts of First Instance
- Title 1: Ordinary Procedure in Courts of First Instance
- Title 2: Special Procedures in Courts of First Instance
- Chapter 1: Small Claims Procedure
- Chapter 2: Proceedings in Default
- Part 1: Default of Answer
- Part 2: Default of Appearance
- Chapter 3: Arbitration
- Chapter 4: Class Actions
- Part 1: General Provisions
- Part 2: Permission to Proceed as a Class Action
- Part 3: Class Action Trial
- Part 4: Judgment and Execution in Class Actions
- Part 5: Appeal and Dika in Class Actions
- Part 6: Class Action Fees
- Book 3: Appeal and Dika (Supreme Court)
- Title 1: Appeal
- Title 2: Dika (Supreme Court Review)
- Book 4: Provisional Measures and Execution of Judgments
- Title 1: Provisional Measures Before Judgment
- Chapter 1: General Principles
- Chapter 2: Emergency Applications
- Title 2: Execution of Judgments and Orders
- Chapter 1: General Principles
- Part 1: Courts with Power of Execution
- Part 2: Decrees
- Part 3: Application for Execution
- Part 4: Consideration of Execution Applications
- Part 5: Examination of the Judgment Debtor’s Affairs and Assets
- Part 6: General Powers of Executing Officers
- Part 7: Interested Persons in Execution
- Part 8: Stay of Execution
- Part 9: Withdrawal of Execution
- Part 10: Setting Aside or Correcting Irregular Execution
- Chapter 2: Execution for Money Judgments
- Part 1: Powers of Executing Officers
- Part 2: Property Not Subject to Execution
- Part 3: Seizure of Property
- Part 4: Attachment of Claims
- Part 5: Court-Ordered Payment by Third Parties
- Part 6: Rights of Third Parties and Interested Persons in Seized Property
- Part 7: Sharing in Execution Proceeds and Continuing Execution
- Part 8: Sale or Disposal
- Part 9: Appointment of a Property Manager in Lieu of Sale
- Part 10: Distribution Accounts
- Part 11: Unclaimed Money
- Chapter 3: Execution for Return or Delivery of Specific Property
- Chapter 4: Execution in Eviction Cases
- Part 1: Eviction from Immovable Property, Dwellings or Possessed Property
- Part 2: Demolition and Removal of Structures, Trees, Crops or Property
- Chapter 5: Execution of Judgments to Perform or Refrain from Acts
- Part 1: Execution of Judgments to Perform an Act
- Part 2: Execution of Judgments to Refrain from an Act
- Chapter 6: Execution Concerning Registered Property Rights
- Chapter 7: Arrest and Detention of Judgment Debtors
- Chapter 8: Enforcement of Court Guarantees
Criminal Procedure Code
ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา · 323 sections
Arrest, search, bail, inquiry, trial, appeal and Dika review, with the rights of a suspect and an accused at each stage.
- Book 1: Preliminary Provisions
- Title 1: General Principles
- Title 2: Powers of Inquiry Officials and the Courts
- Chapter 1: General Principles
- Chapter 2: Powers of Investigation and Inquiry
- Chapter 3: Powers of the Courts
- Title 3: Criminal Prosecution and Connected Civil Claims
- Chapter 1: Criminal Prosecution
- Chapter 2: Civil Claims Connected with Criminal Cases
- Title 4: Summonses and Criminal Warrants
- Chapter 1: Summonses
- Chapter 2: Criminal Warrants
- Part 1: General Principles
- Part 2: Arrest Warrants
- Part 3: Search Warrants
- Part 4: Detention, Imprisonment and Release Warrants
- Title 5: Arrest, Detention, Imprisonment, Search and Provisional Release
- Chapter 1: Arrest, Detention and Imprisonment
- Chapter 2: Search
- Chapter 3: Provisional Release
- Book 2: Inquiry
- Title 1: General Principles
- Title 2: The Conduct of Inquiry
- Chapter 1: Ordinary Inquiry
- Chapter 2: Post-Mortem Inquest
- Book 3: Procedure in Courts of First Instance
- Title 1: Filing a Charge and Preliminary Examination
- Title 2: Trial
- Title 3: Judgments and Orders
- Book 4: Appeal and Dika (Supreme Court Review)
- Title 1: Appeal
- Chapter 1: General Principles
- Chapter 2: Hearing, Judgments and Orders on Appeal
- Title 2: Dika (Supreme Court Review)
- Chapter 1: General Principles
- Chapter 2: Hearing, Judgments and Orders in Dika
- Book 5: Evidence
- Chapter 1: General Principles
- Chapter 2: Witness Testimony
- Chapter 3: Documentary Evidence
- Chapter 4: Material Evidence
- Chapter 5: Expert Witnesses
- Book 6: Execution of Judgments and Fees
- Chapter 1: Execution of Judgments
- Chapter 2: Fees
- Book 7: Pardon, Commutation and Reduction of Punishment
Land Code
ประมวลกฎหมายที่ดิน · 12 chapters, ss.1 to 113
Title deeds, land registration, survey, fees and the limits on land held by foreigners and by juristic persons. Published chapter by chapter.
- Chapter 1: General Provisions
- Chapter 2: Land Allocation for the People
- Chapter 3: Delimitation of Rights in Land
- Chapter 4: Issuance of Documents Showing Rights in Land
- Chapter 5: Land Survey
- Chapter 6: Registration of Rights and Juristic Acts
- Chapter 7: Limitation of Rights in Land for Religious Purposes
- Chapter 8: Limitation of Foreigners’ Right in Land
- Chapter 9: Limitation of Rights in Land of Certain Categories of Juristic Persons
- Chapter 10: Trade in Land (repealed)
- Chapter 11: Fees
- Chapter 12: Penalties
Supreme Court Decisions (Dika)
คำพิพากษาศาลฎีกา · 120 decisions, 1958 to 2025
How we count. Vortex, our internal research corpus, held 84,494 distinct Supreme Court decisions and rulings on 17 September 2026, from B.E. 2464 to 2569 (1921 to 2026), collected in Thai from the official Supreme Court database and court publications. The figure is recounted automatically every week, so it moves as new decisions are released. Of these, 120 have been selected, translated and annotated for this library. Our Most-Cited Sections study works on a fixed snapshot of 83,652 decisions taken on 8 August 2026, which is why that figure is lower and does not move.
Selected rulings translated into English with the facts, the holding and a practice note. Browse by subject:
Foreign Business Act
พ.ร.บ. การประกอบธุรกิจของคนต่างด้าว พ.ศ. 2542
Lists One, Two and Three, the 49 percent rule, the Treaty of Amity, BOI and IEAT carve-outs, and nominee shareholding. Published as a single annotated guide rather than section by section.
Civil Registration Act
พ.ร.บ. การทะเบียนราษฎร พ.ศ. 2534 · 63 sections
The law behind the house registration book (tabien baan): the blue book, the yellow book for foreigners, the pink ID card, identity numbers, birth and death registration and the fifteen-day rule when you move. Full English text on one page, one anchor per section, updated with the 2019 amendments.
Also here
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AI Legal Assistant
ผู้ช่วยกฎหมาย AI
Ask a question in plain English, French or Thai and get an answer drawn from this library.
Trained on the library · Free to try Ask the assistant →Land Code FAQ
คำถามที่พบบ่อย
The questions foreigners ask most about title deeds, ownership limits and registration.
Land Code · EN · TH Read the FAQ →Land Court Decisions
คำพิพากษาที่ดิน
Rulings on ownership disputes, nominee holdings and foreign ownership of land.
Land Code case law Browse cases →How people use this
Three concrete examples.
01
A foreign investor before signing a JV
Checks Foreign Business Act List Three to confirm the target activity isn’t restricted, then reads the Supreme Court rulings on nominee structures before agreeing on capital terms.
02
An expat family handling an inheritance
Reads Book 5 of the Civil and Commercial Code on succession side-by-side in Thai and English, then asks the AI assistant whether a will drafted abroad is enforceable in Thailand.
03
A lawyer doing diligence on a condo block
Uses the Land Code annotated edition to verify the 49% foreign-ownership cap on the building, and pulls the relevant Dika decisions from the curated Supreme Court collection.
Do not want to read 3,091 sections? Just ask.
Our AI Legal Assistant is trained on this exact library: the annotated codes, the Supreme Court rulings, our case notes from twenty years of expat practice. Free to try, in English, French and Thai.
Ask the AI Assistant →Built by Sebastien H. Brousseau, LL.B., B.Sc.
Managing Director of ThaiLawOnline, which has served foreign residents in Thailand since 2006 on family, property, immigration and business matters. The library is maintained in house: new Supreme Court decisions and Royal Gazette publications are added every week, and the text is corrected against the Gazette as amendments are published.
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