Section 77: Enforcing the requirement laid on a parent or guardian
Statutory text (Thai original)
ในกรณีที่ศาลวางข้อกำหนดให้บิดามารดา ผู้ปกครองหรือบุคคลที่เด็กนั้นอาศัยอยู่ ระวังเด็กนั้นไม่ให้ก่อเหตุร้ายตามความในมาตรา ๗๔ (๒) ถ้าเด็กนั้นก่อเหตุร้ายขึ้นภายในเวลาในข้อกำหนด ศาลมีอำนาจบังคับบิดามารดา ผู้ปกครองหรือบุคคลที่เด็กนั้นอาศัยอยู่ ให้ชำระเงินไม่เกินจำนวนในข้อกำหนดนั้น ภายในเวลาที่ศาลเห็นสมควร ถ้าบิดามารดา ผู้ปกครองหรือบุคคลที่เด็กนั้นอาศัยอยู่ไม่ชำระเงิน ศาลจะสั่งให้ยึดทรัพย์สินของบิดามารดา ผู้ปกครองหรือบุคคลที่เด็กนั้นอาศัยอยู่ เพื่อใช้เงินที่จะต้องชำระก็ได้ ในกรณีที่ศาลได้บังคับให้บิดามารดา ผู้ปกครองหรือบุคคลที่เด็กนั้นอาศัยอยู่ชำระเงินตามข้อกำหนดแล้วนั้น ถ้าศาลมิได้เปลี่ยนแปลงแก้ไขคำสั่งที่ได้วางข้อกำหนดนั้นเป็นอย่างอื่นตามความในมาตรา ๗๔ วรรคท้าย ก็ให้ข้อกำหนดนั้นคงใช้บังคับได้ต่อไปจนสิ้นเวลาที่กำหนดไว้ในข้อกำหนดนั้น
English translation
Where the court has laid down a requirement that the father, mother, guardian, or the person with whom the child resides shall watch over the child so as not to commit an act of mischief under Section 74(2), if the child commits an act of mischief within the period of that requirement, the court has the power to enforce payment by the father, mother, guardian, or the person with whom the child resides of a sum not exceeding the amount stated in the requirement, within such time as the court thinks fit.
If the father, mother, guardian, or the person with whom the child resides does not pay, the court may order the seizure of that person's property in satisfaction of the sum to be paid.
Where the court has enforced payment under the requirement, then, unless the court has varied or amended the order laying down that requirement under the last paragraph of Section 74, the requirement shall continue in force until the end of the period fixed in it.
ThaiLawOnline translation, written from the Thai original and verified
Firm annotation
This provision, in Book 1 within the Title on Criminal Liability, is the enforcement mechanism for the supervision arrangements the court may make under section 74. It gives the guardian bond in section 74 (2) real teeth: if the person or organisation entrusted with the child fails to watch over the child, the court can enforce the money the guardian undertook to pay, or can rewrite the section 74 conditions to fit the changed situation. It applies to both the family or guardian placement under section 74 (2) and the placement with another person or organisation under section 74 (3). The section operates only where a section 74 measure was already imposed; it does not create a separate offence.
Why this matters in practice
For a parent or guardian who accepts custody of a child under a section 74 bond, this section is the sanction if they let the child re-offend or cause fresh harm: the court can call in the money they promised or tighten the conditions. The exposure is the sum the court set at the time of the original order, payable on each occasion the child causes harm. Anyone taking on such a bond should understand the financial commitment before agreeing to supervise, and should keep records showing genuine efforts to control the child.
Cited in 6 Supreme Court decisions (1972 to 1997)
Selected citing decisions
- Decision 1510/2515 (1972)
- Decision 4773/2539 (1996)
- Decision 390/2521 (1978)
- Decision 682/2540 (1997)
- Decision 9216/2539 (1996)
- Decision 4772/2539 (1996)
This list is selected automatically, weighted towards judgments that turn on this section rather than ones that merely recite it when passing sentence. It has not yet been reviewed by the firm.
Most often cited alongside
- Section 74 5
- Section 75 4
- Section 83 3
Sections that appear in the same judgments as this one most often. The figure is the number of decisions.
Counted across the firm's corpus of 83,652 Supreme Court decisions, 1921 to 2026. The count is complete; the stated year range trims rare outliers so it describes where the citations actually sit. These figures are computed by us and are not official court statistics. How we count these, and what we measured
Frequently asked questions
What happens if a guardian fails to supervise a child placed by the court?
Under section 77, if the person or organisation entrusted with the child under section 74 (2) or (3) fails to watch over the child, the court may enforce payment of the fixed sum or change the conditions.
Does section 77 create a new criminal offence for the guardian?
No. Section 77 only enforces a measure already imposed under section 74; it lets the court collect the fixed sum or reset the conditions, but it does not itself create a separate offence.
Related guides on ThaiLawOnline
Cite this section
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Plain citation
Penal Code, s. 77 (Thailand) -
Academic citation
Penal Code (Thailand), s. 77. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-penal-code/section-77/ (accessed 17 August 2026). -
Thai citation
ป.อ. มาตรา 77 -
Permalink
https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-penal-code/section-77/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-penal-code/section-77/"><p>Where the court has laid down a requirement that the father, mother, guardian, or the person with whom the child resides shall watch over the child so as not to commit an act of mischief under Section 74(2), if the child commits an act of…</p><footer>Penal Code, s. 77 (Thailand) — <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/thai-penal-code/section-77/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.