Article 277 bis: Aggravated rape causing grievous harm or death
Statutory text (Thai original)
ถ้าการกระทำความผิดตามมาตรา ๒๗๖ วรรคหนึ่ง หรือมาตรา ๒๗๗ วรรคหนึ่งหรือวรรคสอง เป็นเหตุให้ผู้ถูกกระทำ (๑) รับอันตรายสาหัส ผู้กระทำต้องระวางโทษจำคุกตั้งแต่สิบห้าปีถึงยี่สิบปี และปรับตั้งแต่สามแสนบาทถึงสี่แสนบาท หรือจำคุกตลอดชีวิต (๒) ถึงแก่ความตาย ผู้กระทำต้องระวางโทษประหารชีวิต หรือจำคุกตลอดชีวิต
English translation
Where the offence under Section 276 paragraph one, or Section 277 paragraph one or paragraph two, causes the person against whom it was committed:
(1) to suffer grievous bodily harm, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from fifteen to twenty years and a fine from three hundred thousand to four hundred thousand baht, or to imprisonment for life;
(2) to die, the offender shall be liable to death or to imprisonment for life.
ThaiLawOnline translation, written from the Thai original and verified
Firm annotation
Section 277 bis is a result-aggravated tier of the rape offences, and it attaches to the BASE forms, not to the armed or gang forms. The statute names Section 276 paragraph one, and Section 277 paragraph one or paragraph two, so it applies where an ordinary coerced rape, or sexual intercourse with a child not over fifteen or not over thirteen, then causes grievous bodily harm or death. Where the harm or death flows instead from the armed or gang tiers, Section 276 paragraph three or Section 277 paragraph four, the applicable provision is Section 277/3, which is harsher again. The penalties here are alternatives rather than fixed: for grievous bodily harm, imprisonment from fifteen to twenty years and a fine from three hundred thousand to four hundred thousand baht, or imprisonment for life; for death, the death penalty or imprisonment for life. It relies on the definition of grievous bodily harm in Section 297 and on a proven direct causal link between the offence and the result.
Why this matters in practice
This is the most serious band in the rape provisions, and the penalty for a resulting death is fixed at the death penalty, so the stakes could not be higher. Two things must both be proven: that the base offence was an aggravated form (weapon or gang commission), and that the grievous harm or death was a direct result of it. Causation and the aggravating facts are therefore the decisive issues, and the offence is not compoundable. Given the severity, anyone connected to a case under this section should consult a Thai lawyer without delay.
Cited in 15 Supreme Court decisions (1983 to 2022)
Décisions de citation sélectionnées
- Décision 6816/2554 (2011)
- Décision 6290/2537 (1994)
- Decision 857/2536 (1993)
- Decision 19960/2555 (2012)
- Decision 6991/2549 (2006)
- Decision 2577/2563 (2020)
- Decision 5497/2552 (2009)
- Decision 2313/2545 (2002)
Cette liste est sélectionnée automatiquement, en privilégiant les jugements qui reposent sur cet article plutôt que sur ceux qui se contentent de le citer lors du prononcé de la peine. Elle n'a pas encore été examinée par le cabinet.
Le plus souvent cité aux côtés de
- Article 276 12
- Article 78 10
- Article 91 7
- Article 277 6
- Article 90 6
- Article 288 6
Sections qui apparaissent le plus souvent dans les mêmes jugements que celui-ci. Le chiffre correspond au nombre de décisions.
Calculé sur l'ensemble du corpus de 83 652 décisions de la Cour suprême du cabinet, de 1921 à 2026. Le décompte est exhaustif ; la plage d'années indiquée élimine les valeurs aberrantes rares afin de refléter la répartition réelle des citations. Ces chiffres sont calculés par nos soins et ne constituent pas des statistiques officielles de la Cour. Comment nous les comptons et ce que nous avons mesuré
Foire aux questions
How is Section 277 bis different from Section 277 ter?
Section 277 bis attaches to the BASE offences: Section 276 paragraph one, and Section 277 paragraph one or paragraph two. Where one of those causes grievous bodily harm the penalty is fifteen to twenty years and a fine from 300,000 to 400,000 baht, or imprisonment for life; where it causes death, the death penalty or imprisonment for life. Section 277 ter attaches instead to the armed and gang tiers, Section 276 paragraph three and Section 277 paragraph four, and is harsher: death or life for grievous bodily harm, and death alone where the victim dies. If you are looking for a Section 277/1, there is none in this Code.
What must the prosecution prove under Section 277 bis?
Two things. First, that the base offence was one of those the section names: Section 276 paragraph one, or Section 277 paragraph one or paragraph two. These are the base forms, not the armed or gang forms, which belong to Section 277 ter. Second, that the grievous bodily harm or the death was a direct result of that offence. Grievous bodily harm takes its meaning from Section 297.
Guides connexes sur ThaiLawOnline
Citer cette section
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Citation simple
Penal Code, s. 277 bis (Thailand) -
Citation académique
Penal Code (Thailand), s. 277 bis. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-277-2/ (accessed 30 août 2026). -
Citation thaïlandaise
ป.อ. มาตรา 277 ทวิ -
Lien permanent
https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-277-2/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-277-2/"><p>Where the offence under Section 276 paragraph one, or Section 277 paragraph one or paragraph two, causes the person against whom it was committed: (1) to suffer grievous bodily harm, the offender shall be liable to imprisonment from fifteen to twenty years and a fine…</p><footer>Penal Code, s. 277 bis (Thailand): <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-277-2/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.