Article 71 — Court detention of accused or defendant
Texte légal (original thaï)
เมื่อได้ตัวผู้ต้องหาหรือจำเลยมาแล้ว
ในระยะใดระหว่างสอบสวน ไต่สวนมูลฟ้องหรือพิจารณา
ศาลจะออกหมายขังผู้ต้องหาหรือจำเลยไว้ตามมาตรา ๘๗ หรือมาตรา ๘๘ ก็ได้ และให้นำบทบัญญัติในมาตรา ๖๖
มาใช้บังคับโดยอนุโลมหมายขังคงใช้ได้อยู่จนกว่าศาลจะได้เพิกถอน โดยออกหมายปล่อยหรือออกหมายจำคุกแทนถ้าความปรากฏแก่ศาลว่าผู้ต้องหาหรือจำเลยนั้นมีอายุไม่ถึงสิบแปดปีหรือเป็นหญิงมีครรภ์หรือเพิ่งคลอดบุตรมาไม่ถึงสามเดือน
หรือเจ็บป่วยซึ่งถ้าต้องขังจะถึงอันตรายแก่ชีวิต ศาลจะไม่ออกหมายขังหรือจะออกหมายปล่อยผู้ต้องหาหรือจำเลยซึ่งถูกขังอยู่นั้นก็ได้
แต่ทั้งนี้ไม่ห้ามศาลที่จะมีคำสั่งให้ผู้นั้นอยู่ในความดูแลของเจ้าพนักงานหรือบุคคลที่ยินยอมรับผู้นั้นไว้
หรือกำหนดวิธีการอย่างหนึ่งอย่างใดเพื่อป้องกันการหลบหนีหรือความเสียหายที่อาจเกิดขึ้น
ถ้าศาลมีคำสั่งเช่นว่านี้ในระหว่างสอบสวน
ให้ใช้ได้ไม่เกินหกเดือนนับแต่วันมีคำสั่ง แต่ถ้ามีคำสั่งในระหว่างไต่สวนมูลฟ้องหรือระหว่างพิจารณา
ให้ใช้ได้จนกว่าจะเสร็จการพิจารณา หากภายหลังที่ศาลมีคำสั่ง
ผู้ต้องหาหรือจำเลยนั้นไม่ปฏิบัติตามวิธีการที่กำหนดหรือพฤติการณ์ได้เปลี่ยนแปลงไป
ให้ศาลมีอำนาจเปลี่ยนแปลงคำสั่งหรือพิจารณาออกหมายขังได้ตามที่เห็นสมควร
traduction anglaise
When the alleged offender or defendant has been brought before the court, the court may, at any stage during the investigation, the preliminary hearing, or the trial, issue a warrant detaining the alleged offender or defendant under Section 87 or Section 88, and the provisions of Section 66 shall apply mutatis mutandis. A detention warrant remains valid until the court revokes it by issuing a release warrant or an imprisonment warrant in its place. If it appears to the court that the alleged offender or defendant is under eighteen years of age, or is a woman who is pregnant or has given birth less than three months earlier, or is suffering from an illness such that detention would endanger life, the court may decline to issue a detention warrant, or may issue a release warrant for the alleged offender or defendant who is being detained. This, however, does not prevent the court from ordering that such person be placed under the supervision of an official or of a person who consents to take charge of them, or from prescribing any measure to prevent flight or possible harm. If the court makes such an order during the investigation, it shall be effective for not more than six months from the date of the order; but if the order is made during the preliminary hearing or the trial, it shall be effective until the proceedings are concluded. If, after the court has made the order, the alleged offender or defendant fails to comply with the prescribed measure, or the circumstances have changed, the court shall have the power to alter the order or to consider issuing a detention warrant as it deems appropriate.
Cette traduction anglaise est fournie à titre indicatif uniquement et n'a pas encore été vérifiée de manière définitive ; référez-vous toujours à l'original thaï.
Annotation de l'entreprise
Section 71 is the gateway provision on court-ordered detention within the chapter on detention, imprisonment, and release warrants. It empowers the court, once the person is before it, to detain during the investigation (via Section 87), the preliminary hearing, or the trial (via Section 88), applying the grounds of Section 66 by analogy, and it makes the detention warrant continuous until superseded by a release or imprisonment warrant. The section also builds in humanitarian exceptions for minors under eighteen, pregnant or recently delivered women, and those whose health would be endangered by detention, allowing supervision or protective conditions in place of custody, with defined time limits. Courts have stressed that this detention power is a distinct step from police arrest and custody: even if the earlier arrest is challenged, detention ordered under Section 71 after the charge is accepted stands on its own footing, and the person retains the right to apply for provisional release under Section 106.
Pourquoi cela est important en pratique
For an accused or defendant, this is the section that keeps them in custody through the case, and it is separate from the police arrest: challenging the arrest alone does not undo a lawful detention ordered by the court. The practical levers are the right to apply for provisional release (bail) and, for minors, pregnant or recently delivered women, and the seriously ill, the court's power to substitute supervision or protective conditions for custody. Because detention can run through the whole trial, moving quickly on a bail application matters. If you or a family member is being held, getting a lawyer engaged early is important; you can arrange a consultation with a Thai lawyer.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 4265/2561 (2018)
A court may detain a suspect before charge under Section 71 read with Section 66 where the offense carries a penalty within the statutory grounds; this pre-charge detention keeps the suspect under the court's authority, and the suspect may apply for provisional release under Section 106.
The suspect was accused under Penal Code Section 116, punishable by up to seven years, bringing the case within the grounds for court detention. The Court held that detention under Section 71 read with Section 66 is a pre-charge process aimed at keeping the suspect under the court's authority so that the defendant will be available for trial, while Section 106 preserves the suspect's right to apply for provisional release.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 350/2553 (2010)
Detention ordered under Sections 71 and 88 after the court accepts the charge is a step separate from arrest and investigation, and is lawful even if the investigation is contested.
The Court held that arrest and detention are separate from investigation, and that whether the investigation was lawful is a matter for the trial. When the prosecutor filed the charge, the court accepted it and issued a detention warrant during trial under Sections 71 and 88, so the detention was lawful and the applicant had no basis to challenge it in a separate proceeding.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 4752/2549 (2006)
Once the prosecutor files and the court accepts the charge, the court has power to detain the defendant during trial under Sections 71 and 88, a step distinct from police arrest and custody.
The applicant argued that an unlawful police arrest and custody made the trial detention unlawful. The Court held that once the prosecutor filed and the court accepted the charge, the court could issue a detention warrant during trial under Sections 71 and 88, which is a step separate from the police arrest and custody, so the detention did not conflict with Section 90.
Décisions sélectionnées avec numéros de dossier vérifiés dans la base de données de la Cour suprême. Les versions anglaises sont des traductions éditoriales réalisées par le cabinet à des fins d'étude.
Foire aux questions
When can a court order detention under Section 71?
Once the accused or defendant is before the court, it may order detention at any stage of the investigation, preliminary hearing, or trial under Sections 87 or 88, applying the grounds in Section 66. The detention lasts until replaced by a release or imprisonment warrant.
Does an unlawful arrest make court detention unlawful too?
No. Courts treat arrest and detention as separate steps. Once the prosecutor files and the court accepts the charge, detention ordered under Section 71 is lawful in its own right, and any complaint about the arrest is dealt with separately.
Are there people the court can refuse to detain?
Yes. If the person is under eighteen, is a woman who is pregnant or gave birth less than three months earlier, or is ill such that detention would endanger life, the court may decline detention or order supervision and protective measures instead.