Section 221 — Out-of-court arbitration referral
Texte légal (original thaï)
การเสนอข้อพิพาทให้อนุญาโตตุลาการชี้ขาดนอกศาล ให้เป็นไปตามกฎหมายว่าด้วยอนุญาโตตุลาการ
traduction anglaise
The submission of a dispute to arbitration outside the court shall be governed by the law on arbitration.
Cette traduction anglaise est fournie à titre indicatif uniquement et n'a pas encore été vérifiée de manière définitive ; référez-vous toujours à l'original thaï.
Annotation de l'entreprise
This is the boundary marker of the Code's arbitration chapter. Sections 210 to 220 govern arbitration that is connected to a pending court case, but Section 221 carves out purely private, out-of-court arbitration and sends it to the separate law on arbitration, which today is the Arbitration Act B.E. 2545 (2002) and was previously the Arbitration Act B.E. 2530 (1987). In practice the section is most often cited by reference: special statutes such as the Agricultural Land Rent Act apply the Code's arbitration provisions to committee decisions, and through Section 221 that route leads to the Arbitration Act, under which the court may refuse to enforce an award that is not lawful.
Pourquoi cela est important en pratique
For most commercial contracts, the arbitration you agree to is out-of-court arbitration, so the Arbitration Act, not this Code, governs the procedure, enforcement and grounds for challenge. Know which arbitration regime your clause triggers before a dispute arises, because it changes where and how you enforce or resist an award. To weigh arbitration against a court claim for a commercial or debt matter, see our guide to arbitration and mediation in Thailand.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 2546/2547 (2004)
Section 221 sends out-of-court arbitration to the law on arbitration, so where a special law applies the Code's arbitration provisions to a committee decision, the court reviews and may refuse to enforce that decision under the Arbitration Act if the award is not lawful.
In a land rent dispute, Section 58 of the Agricultural Land Rent Act applied the Code's rules for enforcing arbitration awards to the provincial land rent committee's decision. The court read this together with Section 221, which points to the Arbitration Act B.E. 2530 then in force, whose Section 24 lets the court refuse to enforce an award it finds unlawful.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 4148/2541 (1998)
Where a committee decision is treated as an arbitration award through Section 221 and the Arbitration Act, the court will render judgment enforcing it if the award is not shown to be unlawful or the product of improper conduct or method.
The land rent committee had set the buy-back price of leased farmland, and this was treated as a binding arbitration award under Section 58 of the Agricultural Land Rent Act read with Section 221 of the Code and Section 24 of the Arbitration Act B.E. 2530. Because the award was not shown to be unlawful, the court enforced it, and the tenant kept the right to buy the land back at the committee's price.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 8294/2540 (1997)
Once a committee decision treated as an arbitration award has become final, the only issue for the court under Sections 221, 222 and 218 paragraph two is whether the award is contrary to law; if it is not, the court may render judgment enforcing it at once.
A local land rent committee ordered the defendant to sell disputed land, and the defendant did not appeal, so the decision became final. The court held that under Sections 221, 222 and 218 paragraph two the only remaining question was whether the committee award was contrary to law, and if not it could enter judgment on it without re-examining the facts.
Décisions sélectionnées avec numéros de dossier vérifiés dans la base de données de la Cour suprême. Les versions anglaises sont des traductions éditoriales réalisées par le cabinet à des fins d'étude.
Foire aux questions
Which law governs private, out-of-court arbitration in Thailand?
Section 221 sends out-of-court arbitration to the law on arbitration, currently the Arbitration Act B.E. 2545 (2002), rather than to the Civil Procedure Code.
Can a court still refuse to enforce an out-of-court arbitration award?
Yes. Through Section 221 and the Arbitration Act, a court may refuse to enforce an award it finds is not lawful.