Article 10: Foreign judgment on an act committed abroad
Statutory text (Thai original)
ผู้ใดกระทำการนอกราชอาณาจักรซึ่งเป็นความผิดตามมาตราต่าง ๆ ที่ระบุไว้ในมาตรา ๗ (๒) และ (๓) มาตรา ๘ และมาตรา ๙ ห้ามมิให้ลงโทษผู้นั้นในราชอาณาจักรเพราะการกระทำนั้นอีก ถ้า (๑) ได้มีคำพิพากษาของศาลในต่างประเทศอันถึงที่สุดให้ปล่อยตัวผู้นั้น หรือ (๒) ศาลในต่างประเทศพิพากษาให้ลงโทษ และผู้นั้นได้พ้นโทษแล้ว ถ้าผู้ต้องคำพิพากษาได้รับโทษสำหรับการกระทำนั้นตามคำพิพากษาของศาลในต่างประเทศมาแล้ว แต่ยังไม่พ้นโทษ ศาลจะลงโทษน้อยกว่าที่กฎหมายกำหนดไว้สำหรับความผิดนั้นเพียงใดก็ได้ หรือจะไม่ลงโทษเลยก็ได้ ทั้งนี้ โดยคำนึงถึงโทษที่ผู้นั้นได้รับมาแล้ว
English translation
Whoever commits an act outside the Kingdom which is an offence under the various Sections specified in Section 7(2) and (3), Section 8, and Section 9 shall not be punished again in the Kingdom for that act if:
(1) a final judgment of a foreign court has acquitted that person; or
(2) a foreign court has passed judgment imposing punishment and that person has already served it.
Where the person against whom judgment was given has already undergone punishment for that act under the judgment of a foreign court but has not yet completed it, the court may impose a punishment less than that provided by law for the offence, to any extent, or may impose no punishment at all, having regard to the punishment already undergone.
ThaiLawOnline translation, written from the Thai original and verified
Firm annotation
Section 10 applies to acts committed outside the Kingdom that Thai law nevertheless punishes, namely the offences listed in Section 7(2) and (3), Section 8 and Section 9. It bars a second punishment in Thailand for the same act in two situations: where a foreign court has finally acquitted the person, and where a foreign court has convicted the person and that person has already served the sentence in full. Where a foreign sentence has been imposed and partly undergone but not yet completed, the bar does not apply; instead the court may impose less than the law prescribes for the offence, to any extent, or impose no punishment at all, having regard to what has already been served. The bar attaches to the act rather than to the label of the charge, so the practical question is whether the foreign judgment concerned the same act. Section 11 is the counterpart provision for offences committed inside the Kingdom, or deemed committed there.
Why this matters in practice
Section 10 matters to anyone prosecuted in Thailand over conduct abroad that a foreign court has already dealt with, which in practice means the offences Thailand claims extraterritorially under Sections 7 to 9. Two records decide the point: a certified copy of the foreign judgment showing which act it concerned, and proof of acquittal or of completion of the sentence. A final acquittal abroad and a foreign sentence served to completion each bar punishment here outright. A sentence still running does not bar the case, but it obliges the court to take the served portion into account and permits it to go below the prescribed penalty or impose none. Because the bar attaches to the act rather than the charge, expect the prosecution to argue that the Thai charge covers different conduct. For offences committed inside Thailand, Section 11 applies instead. See our overview of criminal law in Thailand.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Arrêt de la Cour suprême n° 4901/2555 (2012)
The Section 10 bar on re-prosecution applies only to punishment for the same act; where the foreign conviction was for a different offence, Section 10 does not bar prosecution in Thailand.
The foreign court had convicted the defendant of prostitution, but the Thai charge was procuring a person for indecency and prostitution. The Supreme Court held these were different offences and different acts, so the Section 10 bar, which applies only to the same act, did not prevent the Thai prosecution.
Curated decisions with case numbers verified against the Supreme Court database. English renderings are the firm's editorial translation for study.
Cited in 6 Supreme Court decisions (1962 to 2012)
Décisions de citation sélectionnées
- Decision 4901/2555 (2012)
- Decision 801/2505 (1962)
- Decision 2860/2522 (1979)
- Decision 2360/2518 (1975)
- Decision 2360/2517 (1974)
- Decision 2480/2550 (2007)
Cette liste est sélectionnée automatiquement, en privilégiant les jugements qui reposent sur cet article plutôt que sur ceux qui se contentent de le citer lors du prononcé de la peine. Elle n'a pas encore été examinée par le cabinet.
Le plus souvent cité aux côtés de
- Article 83 5
- Article 90 4
Sections qui apparaissent le plus souvent dans les mêmes jugements que celui-ci. Le chiffre correspond au nombre de décisions.
Calculé sur l'ensemble du corpus de 83 652 décisions de la Cour suprême du cabinet, de 1921 à 2026. Le décompte est exhaustif ; la plage d'années indiquée élimine les valeurs aberrantes rares afin de refléter la répartition réelle des citations. Ces chiffres sont calculés par nos soins et ne constituent pas des statistiques officielles de la Cour. Comment nous les comptons et ce que nous avons mesuré
Foire aux questions
Si un tribunal étranger m'a acquitté, la Thaïlande peut-elle me poursuivre à nouveau ?
For an offence committed outside the Kingdom under Section 7(2) and (3), Section 8 or Section 9, no. Under Section 10, a final foreign acquittal on the same act bars punishment in Thailand for that act.
Et si un tribunal étranger m'avait déjà condamné et puni ?
If you have finished serving the foreign sentence, Thailand cannot punish you again for that act at all. If you were sentenced abroad but have not yet completed it, the case is not barred, but the court may impose less than the law prescribes for the offence, or no punishment at all, taking account of what you have already served.
Guides connexes sur ThaiLawOnline
Citer cette section
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Citation simple
Penal Code, s. 10 (Thailand) -
Citation académique
Penal Code (Thailand), s. 10. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-10/ (accessed 30 août 2026). -
Citation thaïlandaise
ป.อ. มาตรา 10 -
Lien permanent
https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-10/ -
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<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-10/"><p>Whoever commits an act outside the Kingdom which is an offence under the various Sections specified in Section 7(2) and (3), Section 8, and Section 9 shall not be punished again in the Kingdom for that act if: (1) a final judgment of a foreign…</p><footer>Penal Code, s. 10 (Thailand): <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-penal-code/section-10/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
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