Article 15 — Acting outside territorial jurisdiction
Texte légal (original thaï)
ห้ามมิให้ศาลใช้อำนาจนอกเขตศาล เว้นแต่
(๑) ถ้าบุคคลผู้ที่จะถูกซักถามหรือถูกตรวจ หรือบุคคลผู้เป็นเจ้าของทรัพย์หรือสถานที่ซึ่งจะถูกตรวจมิได้ยกเรื่องเขตศาลขึ้นคัดค้าน ศาลจะทำการซักถามหรือตรวจดังว่านั้นนอกเขตศาลก็ได้
(๒) ศาลจะออกหมายเรียกคู่ความหรือบุคคลนอกเขตศาลก็ได้ ส่วนการที่จะนำบทบัญญัติมาตรา ๓๑, ๓๓, ๑๐๘, ๑๐๙ และ ๑๑๑ แห่งประมวลกฎหมายนี้ และมาตรา ๑๔๗ แห่งกฎหมายลักษณะอาญามาใช้บังคับได้นั้น ต้องให้ศาลซึ่งมีอำนาจในเขตศาลนั้นสลักหลังหมายเสียก่อน
(๓) หมายบังคับคดีและหมายของศาลที่ออกให้จับและกักขังบุคคลใดตามบทบัญญัติแห่งประมวลกฎหมายนี้ อาจบังคับได้ไม่ว่าในที่ใด ๆในกรณีที่มีการบังคับคดีนอกเขตศาลที่มีอำนาจในการบังคับคดี ให้บังคับตามมาตรา ๒๗๑ วรรคสาม วรรคสี่ และวรรคห้า คดีที่ศาลแพ่งได้รับไว้พิจารณาพิพากษาตามพระธรรมนูญศาลยุติธรรมหรือที่ได้โอนไปยังศาลแพ่งตามมาตรา ๖/๑ ให้ศาลแพ่งมีอำนาจดำเนินกระบวนพิจารณาใด ๆ นอกเขตศาลได้ตามที่เห็นสมควร
traduction anglaise
A court is prohibited from exercising its powers outside its territorial jurisdiction, except:
(1) if the person to be interrogated or examined, or the person who owns the property or place to be examined, does not raise the question of territorial jurisdiction by way of objection, the court may conduct such interrogation or examination outside its territorial jurisdiction;
(2) the court may issue a summons to a party or a person outside its territorial jurisdiction; but in order to apply the provisions of sections 31, 33, 108, 109 and 111 of this Code, and section 147 of the Penal Law, the court having authority within that territorial jurisdiction must first endorse the summons;
(3) a writ of execution, and a court warrant issued for the arrest and detention of any person under the provisions of this Code, may be enforced in any place whatsoever.
Where execution is carried out outside the territorial jurisdiction of the court having authority over the execution, section 271, paragraphs three, four and five, shall apply.
In a case that the Civil Court has accepted for trial and adjudication under the Act for the Organization of Courts of Justice, or that has been transferred to the Civil Court under section 6/1, the Civil Court shall have the power to conduct any proceedings outside its territorial jurisdiction as it thinks fit.
Cette traduction anglaise est fournie à titre indicatif uniquement et n'a pas encore été vérifiée de manière définitive ; référez-vous toujours à l'original thaï.
Annotation de l'entreprise
Section 15 opens Chapter 3 on the powers and duties of the courts and fixes the territorial limit on judicial power, together with its exceptions. The default rule confines a court to its own area; paragraph (1) relaxes this for examinations where no jurisdictional objection is raised, (2) permits out-of-area summonses but conditions certain coercive uses on endorsement by the local court, and (3) makes writs of execution and arrest and detention warrants enforceable anywhere. The provision cross-refers to Section 271 for out-of-area execution and Section 6/1 for transferred cases, and it grants the Civil Court a wider reach. Read with Section 16, which allows a court to delegate proceedings to another court, it forms the framework for how courts act beyond their own boundaries.
Pourquoi cela est important en pratique
This matters most in enforcement: a writ of execution or an arrest and detention warrant can reach property or a person anywhere in the country, but out-of-area execution runs through Section 271 and often through a local court acting on the issuing court's behalf. Filing an enforcement-related motion in the wrong court can cost time, so identify the court with authority over the execution before you move. If you are enforcing a Thai judgment across provinces, a lawyer can steer the mechanics; see the firm's debt collection and enforcement service.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 1486/2551 (2008)
A claim connected with the enforcement of a judgment must be brought before the court having authority over the execution, applying Section 7(2) together with the final paragraph of Section 15 and Section 302; that is, the court that issued the writ or the court executing on its behalf.
The plaintiff's claim was connected with enforcement in a Civil Court case, where the writ of execution had been sent to the Phetchaburi Provincial Court to enforce on the Civil Court's behalf, and required a court ruling before enforcement could proceed completely and correctly. The court held that, under Section 7(2) with the final paragraph of Section 15 and Section 302, the claim had to be filed by motion with the court having authority over the execution, that is, the Civil Court that issued the writ, or the Phetchaburi court executing on its behalf.
Décisions sélectionnées avec numéros de dossier vérifiés dans la base de données de la Cour suprême. Les versions anglaises sont des traductions éditoriales réalisées par le cabinet à des fins d'étude.
Foire aux questions
Can a court act outside its own area?
As a rule no. Section 15 confines a court to its territorial jurisdiction, with exceptions for certain examinations where no objection is raised, out-of-area summonses, and writs of execution or arrest and detention warrants.
Where can a writ of execution be enforced?
Under Section 15(3) a writ of execution and an arrest and detention warrant can be enforced anywhere. Where execution is carried out outside the court's area, Section 271 paragraphs three to five applies.
Does the Civil Court have wider territorial power?
Yes. In a case the Civil Court has accepted under the Act for the Organization of Courts of Justice, or that was transferred to it under Section 6/1, it may conduct proceedings outside its area as it thinks fit.