Article 175: Withdrawal of the complaint
Statutory text (Thai original)
ก่อนจำเลยยื่นคำให้การ โจทก์อาจถอนคำฟ้องได้โดยยื่นคำบอกกล่าวเป็นหนังสือต่อศาลภายหลังจำเลยยื่นคำให้การแล้ว โจทก์อาจยื่นคำขอโดยทำเป็นคำร้องต่อศาลชั้นต้น เพื่ออนุญาตให้โจทก์ถอนคำฟ้องได้ ศาลจะอนุญาตหรือไม่อนุญาตหรืออนุญาตภายในเงื่อนไขตามที่เห็นสมควรก็ได้ แต่
(๑) ห้ามไม่ให้ศาลให้อนุญาต โดยมิได้ฟังจำเลยหรือผู้ร้องสอด ถ้าหากมี ก่อน
(๒) ในกรณีที่โจทก์ถอนคำฟ้อง เนื่องจากมีข้อตกลงหรือประนีประนอมยอมความกับจำเลย ให้ศาลอนุญาตไปตามคำขอนั้น
English translation
Before the defendant files an answer, the plaintiff may withdraw the complaint by submitting a written notice to the court. After the defendant has filed an answer, the plaintiff may apply, by way of a motion to the court of first instance, for leave to withdraw the complaint. The court may grant leave, refuse leave, or grant leave subject to such conditions as it thinks fit, provided that: (1) the court shall not grant leave without first hearing the defendant or the intervener, if any; (2) where the plaintiff withdraws the complaint on account of an agreement or a compromise settlement reached with the defendant, the court shall grant leave in accordance with the application.
This English translation is provided for reference only and has not yet been firm-verified. Always rely on the Thai original.
Firm annotation
Section 175 governs voluntary withdrawal of a complaint within Title 1 on ordinary procedure in courts of first instance. It draws a sharp line at the filing of the answer: before that point withdrawal is a right exercised by written notice, after it withdrawal requires the court's leave. The court's power is discretionary, subject to two limits, the mandatory hearing of the defendant or any intervener, and a duty to grant leave where the withdrawal rests on a settlement with the defendant. The consequences of a withdrawal are set out separately in Section 176.
Why this matters in practice
Timing decides everything. Withdrawing before the answer is filed is automatic, but once the defendant has answered you are at the mercy of the court's discretion, and a defendant who sees a likely win may object. Withdrawal is often used to refile in the correct court or after a settlement. If a debtor settles and you agree to withdraw, the court must honour that, which is why documented settlements matter in debt collection cases.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Arrêt de la Cour suprême n° 8324/2560 (2017)
Section 175 does not require the plaintiff to give reasons for withdrawing. Where withdrawal is sought before the defendant has filed an answer it falls under paragraph one, and the court may allow it without hearing that defendant first. An objection to an application for an interim injunction is not an answer within Section 177.
The plaintiffs applied to withdraw against the second defendant during the inquiry into their application for an interim injunction, at a time when that defendant had not yet filed an answer. The Supreme Court upheld the order allowing the withdrawal: no reasons had to be given, the application fell under Section 175 paragraph one, and the court could allow it without hearing the second defendant, whose objection to the injunction application was not an answer under Section 177.
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Arrêt de la Cour suprême n° 8804/2559 (2016)
Where withdrawal is sought after the answer has been filed, the court may grant, refuse, or attach conditions as it thinks fit, the only prohibition being that it may not grant leave without first hearing the defendant. A defendant's objection does not prevent the court from allowing the withdrawal.
Even though the defendant objected to the withdrawal, the Court held that whether to permit a plaintiff to withdraw is a matter of judicial discretion, with no rule barring withdrawal simply because the defendant refuses to consent.
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Arrêt de la Cour suprême n° 3770/2558 (2015)
Under the second paragraph of Section 175, whether to permit withdrawal after the answer is filed lies within the court's discretion, even over the defendant's objection. Withdrawal made because the case was filed in the wrong court is a legitimate ground.
The plaintiff withdrew because the cause of action arose in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, making the original filing a wrong-court filing. The Court confirmed that granting leave was within the trial court's discretion notwithstanding the defendant's claim of prejudice.
Curated decisions with case numbers verified against the Supreme Court database. English renderings are the firm's editorial translation for study.
Cited in 116 Supreme Court decisions (1948 to 2019)
Décisions de citation sélectionnées
- Decision 6114/2562 (2019)
- Decision 8324/2560 (2017)
- Decision 8804/2559 (2016)
- Decision 13293/2558 (2015)
- Decision 6312/2558 (2015)
- Decision 5477/2558 (2015)
- Decision 8626/2557 (2014)
- Decision 19/2556 (2013)
Cette liste est sélectionnée automatiquement, en privilégiant les jugements qui reposent sur cet article plutôt que sur ceux qui se contentent de le citer lors du prononcé de la peine. Elle n'a pas encore été examinée par le cabinet.
Le plus souvent cité aux côtés de
- Article 132 32
- Article 246 23
- Article 247 20
- Article 150 16
- Article 176 9
- Article 151 8
Sections qui apparaissent le plus souvent dans les mêmes jugements que celui-ci. Le chiffre correspond au nombre de décisions.
Calculé sur l'ensemble du corpus de 83 652 décisions de la Cour suprême du cabinet, de 1921 à 2026. Le décompte est exhaustif ; la plage d'années indiquée élimine les valeurs aberrantes rares afin de refléter la répartition réelle des citations. Ces chiffres sont calculés par nos soins et ne constituent pas des statistiques officielles de la Cour. Comment nous les comptons et ce que nous avons mesuré
Foire aux questions
Un plaignant peut-il se désister d'une action en justice en Thaïlande après que le défendeur a répondu ?
Oui, mais uniquement après avoir déposé une requête auprès du tribunal. Conformément à l'article 175, le tribunal peut accorder, refuser ou assortir de conditions cette autorisation, et doit préalablement entendre le défendeur.
Le tribunal peut-il refuser un retrait si le défendeur s'y oppose ?
L'objection du défendeur n'empêche pas le retrait de l'instance. L'autorisation de se retirer relève du pouvoir discrétionnaire du tribunal, et aucune règle n'interdit le retrait du seul fait du désaccord du défendeur.
Le plaignant doit-il donner des raisons pour se désister ?
Non. L'article 175 n'oblige pas le demandeur à exposer les motifs de son désistement au défendeur. Il exige seulement que le tribunal entende le défendeur avant d'accorder l'autorisation de se désister une fois la réponse déposée.
Guides connexes sur ThaiLawOnline
Citer cette section
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Citation simple
Civil Procedure Code, s. 175 (Thailand) -
Citation académique
Civil Procedure Code (Thailand), s. 175. ThaiLawOnline, https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-175/ (accessed 1 septembre 2026). -
Citation thaïlandaise
ป.วิ.พ. มาตรา 175 -
Lien permanent
https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-175/ -
Intégrer sur votre site
<blockquote cite="https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-175/"><p>Before the defendant files an answer, the plaintiff may withdraw the complaint by submitting a written notice to the court. After the defendant has filed an answer, the plaintiff may apply, by way of a motion to the court of first instance, for leave to…</p><footer>Civil Procedure Code, s. 175 (Thailand): <a href="https://www.thailawonline.com/fr/thai-civil-procedure-code/section-175/">ThaiLawOnline</a></footer></blockquote>
The Thai text is authoritative. The English is an unofficial translation by ThaiLawOnline, free to reuse with attribution.