Article 112 — Bail contract requirements
Texte légal (original thaï)
เมื่อจะปล่อยชั่วคราวโดยมีประกัน หรือมีประกันและหลักประกัน ก่อนปล่อยไปให้ผู้ประกันหรือผู้เป็นหลักประกันลงลายมือชื่อในสัญญาประกันนั้นในสัญญาประกันนอกจากข้อความอย่างอื่นอันพึงมี ต้องมีข้อความดังนี้ด้วย
(๑) ผู้ถูกปล่อยชั่วคราวหรือผู้ประกัน แล้วแต่กรณี จะปฏิบัติตามนัดหรือหมายเรียกของเจ้าพนักงานหรือศาลซึ่งให้ปล่อยชั่วคราว
(๒) เมื่อผิดสัญญาจะใช้เงินจำนวนที่ระบุไว้ในสัญญาประกันจะกำหนดภาระหน้าที่หรือเงื่อนไขให้ผู้ถูกปล่อยชั่วคราว
หรือผู้ประกันต้องปฏิบัติเกินความจำเป็นแก่กรณีมิได้
traduction anglaise
When provisional release is to be granted with a bond, or with a bond and security, before the release the surety or the person providing the security shall sign the bail contract. In the bail contract, in addition to other statements that ought to be included, the following must also be stated: (1) that the released person or the surety, as the case may be, will comply with the appointments or summonses of the officer or the court granting the provisional release; (2) that upon breach of the contract the sum specified in the bail contract will be paid. No duty or condition may be imposed on the released person or the surety beyond what is necessary for the case.
Cette traduction anglaise est fournie à titre indicatif uniquement et n'a pas encore été vérifiée de manière définitive ; référez-vous toujours à l'original thaï.
Annotation de l'entreprise
Section 112 governs the mechanics of the bail contract, the written undertaking that underpins release with a bond. Before release the surety or security provider signs, and the contract must contain two core terms: an undertaking to attend on appointment or summons, and a promise to pay the stated sum on breach. A proportionality limit bars any duty or condition beyond what the case requires. This contract is the instrument enforced when a defendant absconds, and the Supreme Court has consistently located the bail undertaking in this section, with enforcement of a breach falling under Section 119. Return of the security on discharge is governed by Section 118.
Pourquoi cela est important en pratique
Anyone standing as surety should read the bail contract carefully before signing: the two mandatory terms mean you are personally liable to pay the stated sum if the accused fails to appear, and that liability is enforced under Section 119. Because the bail undertaking is a criminal-procedure matter, the courts assess it in the context of the criminal case, not as an ordinary civil guarantee. Before agreeing to be a surety, it is worth understanding the exposure: /book-consultation/.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 1262/2558 (2015)
A bail contract entered because the court allowed provisional release of the accused or defendant with a bond, or a bond and security, is provided for in Section 112, while enforcement on breach of the bail contract falls under Section 119; enforcement of the bail contract is therefore purely a matter of criminal procedure, assessed in the context of the criminal case.
In a dispute over enforcing a forfeited bail contract, the Supreme Court held that the bail undertaking arises under Section 112 and its enforcement under Section 119, so the surety's rights and duties must be judged within the criminal case rather than as an ordinary civil obligation.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 4359/2558 (2015)
The bail contract made when the court allows provisional release with a bond or with a bond and security is governed by Section 112, and enforcement upon breach by Section 119; being purely criminal procedure, the surety's obligation to surrender the accused or defendant is determined in the context of the criminal case.
Addressing whether a request to extend enforcement was justified, the Supreme Court confirmed that the bail undertaking is grounded in Section 112 and enforced under Section 119, treating the surety's duty to produce the defendant as a criminal-procedure obligation.
Décisions sélectionnées avec numéros de dossier vérifiés dans la base de données de la Cour suprême. Les versions anglaises sont des traductions éditoriales réalisées par le cabinet à des fins d'étude.
Foire aux questions
What must a bail contract in Thailand contain?
Under Section 112 the bail contract must state that the released person or surety will attend on appointment or summons, and that the sum specified will be paid if the contract is breached. No condition beyond what the case needs may be imposed.
Is a surety personally liable if the accused absconds?
Yes. By signing the bail contract under Section 112 the surety promises to pay the specified sum on breach, and that liability is enforced under Section 119.