Section 198 bis — Challenging a Refusal to Accept an Appeal
Texte légal (original thaï)
เมื่อศาลชั้นต้นปฏิเสธไม่ยอมรับอุทธรณ์
ผู้อุทธรณ์อาจอุทธรณ์เป็นคำร้องอุทธรณ์คำสั่งของศาลนั้นต่อศาลอุทธรณ์ได้
คำร้องเช่นนี้ให้ยื่นที่ศาลชั้นต้นภายในกำหนดสิบห้าวันนับแต่วันฟังคำสั่ง
แล้วให้ศาลนั้นรีบส่งคำร้องเช่นว่านั้นไปยังศาลอุทธรณ์พร้อมด้วยอุทธรณ์
และคำพิพากษาหรือคำสั่งของศาลชั้นต้น
เมื่อศาลอุทธรณ์เห็นสมควรตรวจสำนวนเพื่อสั่งคำร้องเรื่องนั้น
ก็ให้สั่งศาลชั้นต้นส่งมาให้
ให้ศาลอุทธรณ์พิจารณาคำร้องนั้นแล้วมีคำสั่งยืนตามคำปฏิเสธของศาลชั้นต้น
หรือมีคำสั่งให้รับอุทธรณ์ คำสั่งนี้ให้เป็นที่สุดแล้วส่งไปให้ศาลชั้นต้นอ่าน
traduction anglaise
When the Court of First Instance refuses to accept an appeal, the appellant may appeal by way of a petition contesting the order of that court to the Court of Appeal. Such a petition shall be filed with the Court of First Instance within fifteen days from the day the order is heard, and that court shall promptly forward the petition, together with the appeal and the judgment or order of the Court of First Instance, to the Court of Appeal. When the Court of Appeal considers it appropriate to examine the record in order to rule on the petition, it shall order the Court of First Instance to send it. The Court of Appeal shall consider the petition and issue an order either affirming the refusal of the Court of First Instance or ordering that the appeal be accepted. This order shall be final, and shall then be sent to the Court of First Instance to be read.
Cette traduction anglaise est fournie à titre indicatif uniquement et n'a pas encore été vérifiée de manière définitive ; référez-vous toujours à l'original thaï.
Annotation de l'entreprise
Section 198 bis provides the remedy against a trial court's refusal to accept an appeal under Section 198, ensuring that gatekeeping decision is itself reviewable. The petition must be filed with the Court of First Instance within a strict fifteen-day period from hearing the refusal, and the court forwards it with the appeal and judgment to the Court of Appeal. The Court of Appeal's decision, whether to affirm the refusal or to admit the appeal, is expressly final, so no further petition to the Supreme Court lies against it. That finality, however, depends on the order being a genuine Section 198 bis ruling; where the underlying order was not truly interlocutory or the case had already been disposed of, the finality bar may not apply and the matter can proceed further.
Pourquoi cela est important en pratique
If your appeal is rejected by the trial court, do not give up: you have a fifteen-day window to petition the Court of Appeal to overturn the refusal, and this period is short and strictly enforced, so act immediately. Be aware that the Court of Appeal's ruling on this petition is final, meaning you generally cannot take a further petition to the Supreme Court. A common reason for refusal is a defendant sentenced to prison failing to present himself when filing, so fix any such defect. Given the tight deadline and the finality of the outcome, get help fast through an consultation en ligne avec un avocat thaïlandais.
Décisions de la Cour suprême interprétant cette section
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 3728/2561 (2018)
Where the Court of Appeal affirms a trial court's refusal to accept an appeal, that order is final under Section 198 bis paragraph 3, and the defendant has no right to petition the Supreme Court.
The trial court refused the defendant's appeal because he did not present himself. His counsel petitioned against that refusal, and the Court of Appeal Region 4 ruled on the point and dismissed the petition, affirming the trial court. The Supreme Court held that under Section 198 bis paragraph 3 this order was final, so the defendant had no right to petition, and it declined to rule.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 6816/2560 (2017)
A petition contesting a refusal to accept an appeal under Section 198 bis must be filed within fifteen days of being deemed to know the refusal, which can be the same day where the appellant chose not to await the order.
The trial court refused the prosecutor's appeal because the trial judge did not permit a fact appeal, and the prosecutor petitioned under Section 198 bis to send the matter to the Court of Appeal. Because the appeal bore the standard notation that if the party did not await the order it would be deemed known, the Court of Appeal treated the prosecutor as knowing the refusal that same day for purposes of the fifteen-day filing period.
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Supreme Court Judgment No. 2483/2566 (2023)
Where the underlying order is not truly an interlocutory order because the case had already been disposed of, the appeal is not barred and the Court of Appeal's order is not final under Sections 196 and 198 bis.
After the case had already been disposed of by the order allowing withdrawal, the trial court's later order revoking the proceedings and the dismissal was not an interlocutory order. The Supreme Court held the defendant's appeal was therefore not barred and the Court of Appeal's order was not final under Sections 196 and 198 bis, reversed, and directed that the defendant's appeal be accepted.
Décisions sélectionnées avec numéros de dossier vérifiés dans la base de données de la Cour suprême. Les versions anglaises sont des traductions éditoriales réalisées par le cabinet à des fins d'étude.
Foire aux questions
What can I do if the trial court refuses to accept my appeal?
Under Section 198 bis you may file a petition with the Court of First Instance within fifteen days of hearing the refusal, asking the Court of Appeal to order the appeal accepted.
Is the Court of Appeal's decision on a refused appeal final?
Yes. Under Section 198 bis, the Court of Appeal's order affirming the refusal or admitting the appeal is final, so you generally cannot petition the Supreme Court against it.